#include #include #include #include #include #define repeat(i,n) for (int i = 0; (i) < (n); ++(i)) #define repeat_from(i,m,n) for (int i = (m); (i) < (n); ++(i)) #define repeat_reverse(i,n) for (int i = (n)-1; (i) >= 0; --(i)) using namespace std; template struct disjoint_sets { // with data vector xs; vector data; function append; template disjoint_sets(size_t n, T initial, F a_append) : xs(n, -1), data(n, initial), append(a_append) {} bool is_root(int i) { return xs[i] < 0; } int find_root(int i) { return is_root(i) ? i : (xs[i] = find_root(xs[i])); } int set_size(int i) { return - xs[find_root(i)]; } int union_sets(int i, int j) { i = find_root(i); j = find_root(j); if (i != j) { if (set_size(i) < set_size(j)) swap(i,j); xs[i] += xs[j]; xs[j] = i; append(data[i], data[j]); } return i; } bool is_same(int i, int j) { return find_root(i) == find_root(j); } }; int main() { // input int n, m, q; cin >> n >> m >> q; vector a(m), b(m); repeat (j,m) { cin >> a[j] >> b[j]; -- a[j]; -- b[j]; } vector c(q), d(q); repeat (j,q) { cin >> c[j] >> d[j]; -- c[j]; -- d[j]; } // compute disjoint_sets > g(n, set(), [&](set & a, set & b) { a.insert(b.begin(), b.end()); b = set(); // free }); repeat (i,n) { g.data[i].insert(i); } set > breaking; repeat (j,q) { breaking.emplace(c[j], d[j]); } repeat (j,m) { if (breaking.count(make_pair(a[j], b[j]))) continue; g.union_sets(a[j], b[j]); } const int root = 0; vector ans(n); repeat (i,n) { if (g.is_same(root, i)) { ans[i] = -1; } } repeat_reverse (j,q) { if (g.is_same(c[j], d[j])) continue; set connected; if (g.is_same(root, c[j])) connected.swap(g.data[g.find_root(d[j])]); if (g.is_same(root, d[j])) connected.swap(g.data[g.find_root(c[j])]); g.union_sets(c[j], d[j]); for (int i : connected) { assert (ans[i] == 0); ans[i] = j+1; } } // output assert (ans[root] == -1); repeat_from (i,1,n) { cout << ans[i] << endl; } return 0; }