#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace std; template class BinaryIndexedTree_1_indexed{ void init(const vector &A){ for(int i=0; i tree; int N; BinaryIndexedTree_1_indexed(const int n) : tree(n+1,0), N(n){ } BinaryIndexedTree_1_indexed(const vector &A) : tree(A.size()+1,0), N(A.size()){ init(A); } //caution : position "i" must be 1-indexed void add(int i, const T x){ while(i <= N){ tree[i] += x; i += i & -i; } } //update node i to zero void to_zero(const int i){ T val = get_at(i); add(i, -val); } //get sums [0,i] T get_sum(int i){ T ret=0; while(i>0){ ret += tree[i]; i -= i & -i; } return ret; } //get sums [from,to] T get_sums_range(const int from, const int to){ return get_sum(to) - get_sum(from-1); } //get at [i] T get_at(const int i){ return get_sum(i) - get_sum(i-1); } int lower_bound(T val){ if(val<=0) return 0; int x = 0; int k = 1; while((k<<1) <= N) k<<=1; for( ; k>0; k>>=1){ if( x+k <= N && tree[x+k] < val ){ val -= tree[x+k]; x += k; } } return x+1; } void print(){ for(int i=0; i<=N; i++){ cerr << tree[i] << " "; } cerr << endl; } }; class Fuctorial_Number_System{ public: vector f; int size; Fuctorial_Number_System(){} Fuctorial_Number_System(vector& f_){ size = f_.size(); f = f_; } Fuctorial_Number_System(long long x){ long long k = 1; do{ f.push_back(x%k); x/=k; k++; }while(x>0); size = f.size(); } Fuctorial_Number_System operator = (Fuctorial_Number_System& x){ f = x.f; size = x.size; return *this; } int& operator[](int pos){ return f[pos]; } Fuctorial_Number_System operator + (const Fuctorial_Number_System& x){ vector a = this->f; vector b = x.f; a.resize(max(size, x.size), 0); b.resize(max(size, x.size), 0); int carry = 0; for(int i=0; i i){ carry = a[i]/(i+1); a[i] %= (i+1); } } if(carry != 0){ a.push_back(carry); } return Fuctorial_Number_System(a); } }; ostream& operator << (ostream& os, Fuctorial_Number_System& x){ for(int i=0; i p, int len){ p.resize( max( (int)p.size(), len) +1, 0); int n = p.size(); vector tmp; tmp = [&](){ vector dp(2, 0); dp[0] = 1; for(int i=n-1; i>len; i--){ vector dp_(2, 0); for(int b=0; b<2; b++){ for(int d=0; dp[i-1]){ continue; } dp_[next_b] += dp[b]; dp_[next_b] %= MOD; } } swap(dp, dp_); } return dp; }(); vector sum(len+1, 0); for(int i=1; i<=len; i++){ sum[i] = (sum[i-1] + i) % MOD; } auto right = [&](vector& my_p){ vector dp(2, 0); vector cnt(2, 0); cnt[0] = 1; bool ok = false; for(int i=len-1; i>=0; i--){ vector dp_(2, 0); vector cnt_(2, 0); if(my_p[i] != 0){ // 0 -> 1 dp_[1] += dp[0] * my_p[i] % MOD + sum[my_p[i]-1] * cnt[0] % MOD; dp_[1] %= MOD; cnt_[1] += cnt[0] * my_p[i]; cnt_[1] %= MOD; } { // 0 -> 0 dp_[0] += dp[0] * 1 + my_p[i] * cnt[0] % MOD; dp_[0] %= MOD; cnt_[0] += cnt[0] * 1; cnt_[0] %= MOD; } { // 1 -> 1 dp_[1] += dp[1] * (i+1) % MOD + sum[i] * cnt[1] % MOD; dp_[1] %= MOD; cnt_[1] += cnt[1] * (i+1); cnt_[1] %= MOD; } /* for(int b=0; b<2; b++){ if(cnt[b] == 0) continue; for(int d=0; d<=i; d++){ int next_b = b | (dmy_p[i]){ continue; } dp_[next_b] += dp[b] + d*cnt[b]%MOD; dp_[next_b] %= MOD; cnt_[next_b] += cnt[b]; } } */ swap(dp, dp_); swap(cnt, cnt_); } long long ret = (dp[0] + dp[1]) % MOD; return ret; }; vector full(len); iota(full.begin(), full.end(), 0); long long ret = 0; ret += tmp[0] * right(p) % MOD; ret %= MOD; ret += tmp[1] * right(full) % MOD; ret %= MOD; return ret; } int main(){ long long n,k; cin >> n >> k; vector p(n); for(int i=0; i> p[i]; } vector f(n); BinaryIndexedTree_1_indexed BIT(n+10); long long ans = 0; for(int i=n-1; i>=0; i--){ int cnt = BIT.get_sum(p[i]+1); f[n-1-i] = cnt; ans += cnt; ans %= MOD; BIT.add(p[i]+1, 1); } if(k==0){ cout << 0 << endl; return 0; } Fuctorial_Number_System start(f); Fuctorial_Number_System end_(k-1); Fuctorial_Number_System end = start + end_; ans = (ans+func(end.f, n)) % MOD; ans = (ans-func(start.f, n)+MOD) % MOD; cout << ans << endl; return 0; }