bool TEST = false; using namespace std; #include #include #define rep(i,n) for(int (i)=0;(i)<(ll)(n);i++) #define rrep(i,n) for(int (i)=(ll)(n)-1;(i)>=0;i--) #define range(i,start,end,step) for(int (i)=start;(i)<(ll)(end);(i)+=(step)) #define rrange(i,start,end,step) for(int (i)=start;(i)>(ll)(end);(i)+=(step)) #define dump(x) cerr << "Line " << __LINE__ << ": " << #x << " = " << (x) << "\n"; #define spa << " " << #define fi first #define se second #define all(a) (a).begin(),(a).end() #define allr(a) (a).rbegin(),(a).rend() using ld = long double; using ll = long long; using ull = unsigned long long; using pii = pair; using pll = pair; using pdd = pair; template using V = vector; template using VV = V>; template using P = pair; template using M = map; template using S = set; template using UM = unordered_map; template using PQ = priority_queue, greater>; template using rPQ = priority_queue, less>; template vector make_vec(size_t n, T a) { return vector(n, a); } template auto make_vec(size_t n, Ts... ts) { return vector(n, make_vec(ts...)); } template ostream& operator << (ostream& os, const pair v){os << "(" << v.first << ", " << v.second << ")"; return os;} template ostream& operator<<(ostream &os, const vector &v) { for (auto &e : v) os << e << ' '; return os; } template ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const vector> &v){ for(auto &e : v){os << e << "\n";} return os;} struct fast_ios { fast_ios(){ cin.tie(nullptr); ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cout << fixed << setprecision(20); }; } fast_ios_; template void UNIQUE(vector &x) {sort(all(x));x.erase(unique(all(x)), x.end());} template bool chmax(T &a, const T &b) { if (a bool chmin(T &a, const T &b) { if (a>b) { a=b; return 1; } return 0; } void fail() { cout << -1 << '\n'; exit(0); } inline int popcount(const int x) { return __builtin_popcount(x); } inline int popcount(const ll x) { return __builtin_popcountll(x); } template void debug(vector>&v){for(ll i=0;i void debug(vector&v){if(v.size()!=0)cerr< P divmod(T a, T b) {return make_pair(a/b, a%b);} const ll INF = (1ll<<62); // const ld EPS = 1e-10; // const ld PI = acos(-1.0); int ceil_pow2(int n) { int x = 0; while ((1U << x) < (unsigned int)(n)) x++; return x; } template struct LSG { public: LSG() : LSG(0) {} explicit LSG(int n) : LSG(std::vector(n, e())) {} explicit LSG(const std::vector& v) : _n(int(v.size())) { log = ceil_pow2(_n); size = 1 << log; d = std::vector(2 * size, e()); lz = std::vector(size, id()); for (int i = 0; i < _n; i++) d[size + i] = v[i]; for (int i = size - 1; i >= 1; i--) { _update(i); } } void set(int p, S x) { assert(0 <= p && p < _n); p += size; for (int i = log; i >= 1; i--) push(p >> i); d[p] = x; for (int i = 1; i <= log; i++) _update(p >> i); } S get(int p) { assert(0 <= p && p < _n); p += size; for (int i = log; i >= 1; i--) push(p >> i); return d[p]; } S query(int l, int r) { assert(0 <= l && l <= r && r <= _n); if (l == r) return e(); l += size; r += size; for (int i = log; i >= 1; i--) { if (((l >> i) << i) != l) push(l >> i); if (((r >> i) << i) != r) push((r - 1) >> i); } S sml = e(), smr = e(); while (l < r) { if (l & 1) sml = op(sml, d[l++]); if (r & 1) smr = op(d[--r], smr); l >>= 1; r >>= 1; } return op(sml, smr); } S query_all() { return d[1]; } void check() { rep(i,_n) cout << get(i) << " "; cout << endl; } void update(int p, F f) { assert(0 <= p && p < _n); p += size; for (int i = log; i >= 1; i--) push(p >> i); d[p] = mapping(f, d[p]); for (int i = 1; i <= log; i++) _update(p >> i); } void update(int l, int r, F f) { assert(0 <= l && l <= r && r <= _n); if (l == r) return; l += size; r += size; for (int i = log; i >= 1; i--) { if (((l >> i) << i) != l) push(l >> i); if (((r >> i) << i) != r) push((r - 1) >> i); } { int l2 = l, r2 = r; while (l < r) { if (l & 1) all_apply(l++, f); if (r & 1) all_apply(--r, f); l >>= 1; r >>= 1; } l = l2; r = r2; } for (int i = 1; i <= log; i++) { if (((l >> i) << i) != l) _update(l >> i); if (((r >> i) << i) != r) _update((r - 1) >> i); } } template int max_right(int l) { return max_right(l, [](S x) { return g(x); }); } template int max_right(int l, G g) { assert(0 <= l && l <= _n); assert(g(e())); if (l == _n) return _n; l += size; for (int i = log; i >= 1; i--) push(l >> i); S sm = e(); do { while (l % 2 == 0) l >>= 1; if (!g(op(sm, d[l]))) { while (l < size) { push(l); l = (2 * l); if (g(op(sm, d[l]))) { sm = op(sm, d[l]); l++; } } return l - size; } sm = op(sm, d[l]); l++; } while ((l & -l) != l); return _n; } template int min_left(int r) { return min_left(r, [](S x) { return g(x); }); } template int min_left(int r, G g) { assert(0 <= r && r <= _n); assert(g(e())); if (r == 0) return 0; r += size; for (int i = log; i >= 1; i--) push((r - 1) >> i); S sm = e(); do { r--; while (r > 1 && (r % 2)) r >>= 1; if (!g(op(d[r], sm))) { while (r < size) { push(r); r = (2 * r + 1); if (g(op(d[r], sm))) { sm = op(d[r], sm); r--; } } return r + 1 - size; } sm = op(d[r], sm); } while ((r & -r) != r); return 0; } private: int _n, size, log; std::vector d; std::vector lz; void _update(int k) { d[k] = op(d[2 * k], d[2 * k + 1]); } void all_apply(int k, F f) { d[k] = mapping(f, d[k]); if (k < size) lz[k] = composition(f, lz[k]); } void push(int k) { all_apply(2 * k, lz[k]); all_apply(2 * k + 1, lz[k]); lz[k] = id(); } }; // class S, // S (*op)(S, S), // S (*e)(), // class F, // S (*mapping)(F, S), // F (*composition)(F, F), // F (*id)() template< int mod > struct ModInt { int x; ModInt() : x(0) {} ModInt(int64_t y) : x(y >= 0 ? y % mod : (mod - (-y) % mod) % mod) {} ModInt &operator+=(const ModInt &p) { if((x += p.x) >= mod) x -= mod; return *this; } ModInt &operator-=(const ModInt &p) { if((x += mod - p.x) >= mod) x -= mod; return *this; } ModInt &operator*=(const ModInt &p) { x = (int) (1LL * x * p.x % mod); return *this; } ModInt &operator/=(const ModInt &p) { *this *= p.inverse(); return *this; } ModInt operator-() const { return ModInt(-x); } ModInt operator+(const ModInt &p) const { return ModInt(*this) += p; } ModInt operator-(const ModInt &p) const { return ModInt(*this) -= p; } ModInt operator*(const ModInt &p) const { return ModInt(*this) *= p; } ModInt operator/(const ModInt &p) const { return ModInt(*this) /= p; } bool operator==(const ModInt &p) const { return x == p.x; } bool operator!=(const ModInt &p) const { return x != p.x; } ModInt inverse() const { int a = x, b = mod, u = 1, v = 0, t; while(b > 0) { t = a / b; swap(a -= t * b, b); swap(u -= t * v, v); } return ModInt(u); } ModInt pow(int64_t n) const { ModInt ret(1), mul(x); while(n > 0) { if(n & 1) ret *= mul; mul *= mul; n >>= 1; } return ret; } friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const ModInt &p) { return os << p.x; } friend istream &operator>>(istream &is, ModInt &a) { int64_t t; is >> t; a = ModInt< mod >(t); return (is); } static int get_mod() { return mod; } }; using m17 = ModInt<1'000'000'007>; using m98 = ModInt<998'244'353>; using MOD = m98; // ll mod = 1'000'000'007; ll mod = 998'244'353; MOD g1[100001]; MOD g2[100001]; MOD inverse[100001]; void prepare() { g1[0] = g1[1] = g2[0] = g2[1] = 1; inverse[0] = 0; inverse[1] = 1; range(i,2,100001,1) { g1[i] = g1[i-1]*i; inverse[i] = -inverse[mod%i]*(mod/i); g2[i] = g2[i-1]*inverse[i]; } } template MOD cmb(T n, T r) { assert(g1[0]==1); if (r<0 || r>n) return 0; r = min(r, n-r); return g1[n]*g2[r]*g2[n-r]; } template MOD perm(T n, T r) { if (r<0 || r>n) return 0; return g1[n]*g2[n-r]; } using T = MOD; using F = P; T op (T l, T r) { return l+r; } T e () { return 0; } T mapping(F f, T v) { if (f.second) return f.first; return v; } // f1 : new F composition(F f1, F f2) { if (!f1.second) return f2; return f1; } F id() { return {0,0}; } // LSG sg(V(n,0)); void Main(){ prepare(); int n,k,m; cin >> n >> k >> m; V lr; int l,r; rep(i,m) { cin >> l >> r; lr.push_back(5000-l + r*10000); } sort(all(lr)); V> nlr; rep(i,m) { auto [rr,ll] = divmod(lr[i], 10000); nlr.emplace_back(5000-ll,rr); } int ind = 0; V> cum(k+1); rep(i,k+1) { V a(k+1,0); if (i==0) a[0] = 1; cum[i] = LSG(a); } range(r, 1, k+1, 1) { while (ind