#include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace std; using uint = unsigned int; using ll = long long; #define CIN( LL , A ) LL A; cin >> A #define GETSEGMENT( A , SEPARATOR ) string A; getline( cin , A , SEPARATOR ) #define GETLINE( A ) string A; getline( cin , A ) #define FOR_LL( VAR , INITIAL , FINAL_PLUS_ONE ) for( ll VAR = INITIAL ; VAR < FINAL_PLUS_ONE ; VAR ++ ) #define FOR_ITR( ARRAY , ITR , END ) for( auto ITR = ARRAY .begin() , END = ARRAY .end() ; ITR != END ; ITR ++ ) #define RETURN( LL , ANSWER ) const LL answer_for_contest = ( ANSWER ); cout << answer_for_contest << endl; return 0 #define DOUBLE( DIGITS , ANSWER ) const double answer_for_contest = ( ANSWER ); cout << fixed << setprecision( DIGITS ) << answer_for_contest << endl; return 0 template inline T Distance( const T& a , const ll& b ){ return a < b ? b - a : a - b; } int main() { CIN( ll , C ); CIN( ll , Rin ); CIN( ll , Rout ); // integral( real r , w , theta ; ( r - ( Rin + Rout ) / 2 ) ^ 2 + w ^ 2 <= ( ( Rout - Rin ) / 2 ) ^ 2 && 0 <= theta && theta < 2 * pi ; r++ , w++ , theta++ ) r dr dw dtheta // = 2 * pi * integral( real r ; Rin <= r && r <= Rout ; r++ ) 2 * r * sqrt( ( ( Rout - Rin ) / 2 ) ^ 2 - ( r - ( Rin + Rout ) / 2 ) ^ 2 ) dr // = 2 * pi * // ( // difference( - ( 2 / 3 ) * ( ( ( Rout - Rin ) / 2 ) ^ 2 - ( X - ( Rin + Rout ) / 2 ) ^ 2 ) ^ ( 3 / 2 ) , Rin , Rout ] // - integral( real r ; Rin <= r && r <= Rout ; r++ ) - ( Rin + Rout ) * sqrt( ( ( Rout - Rin ) / 2 ) ^ 2 - ( r - ( Rin + Rout ) / 2 ) ^ 2 ) dr // ) // = 2 * pi * ( 0 + ( Rin + Rout ) * pi * ( ( Rout - Rin ) / 2 ) ^ 2 / 2 ) // = ( Rin + Rout ) * ( Rout - Rin ) ^ 2 * pi ^ 2 / 4 DOUBLE( 6 , ( C * ( Rin + Rout ) * ( Rout - Rin ) * ( Rout - Rin ) ) * ( 3.1415926535898 * 3.1415926535898 ) / 4.0 ); }