#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace std; #define sz size() #define pb push_back #define mp make_pair #define fi first #define se second #define all(c) (c).begin(), (c).end() #define rep(i,a,b) for(int i=(a);i<(b);++i) #define clr(a, b) memset((a), (b) ,sizeof(a)) #define MOD 1000000007 unsigned int xor128(void) { static unsigned int x = 123456789; static unsigned int y = 362436069; static unsigned int z = 521288629; static unsigned int w = 88675123; unsigned int t; t = x ^ (x << 11); x = y; y = z; z = w; return w = (w ^ (w >> 19)) ^ (t ^ (t >> 8)); } // モンテカルロ法のテスト int main(){ int n; cin>>n; double a = 0.; rep(b,0,100000){ double ans = 1.; vector v; v.pb(1); rep(i,2,n+1){ int p = xor128()%i; if(p==0){ vector v1; v1.pb(i); rep(j,0,v.sz)v1.pb(v[j]); ans += 1.; v = v1; } else if(p == i-1){ v.pb(i); ans += 1.; } else{ vector v1; rep(j,0,p)v1.pb(v[j]); v1.pb(i); rep(j,p,v.sz)v1.pb(v[j]); ans += 1.*v[p-1]*v[p]; v = v1; } } a += ans; } printf("%20.20f\n",a/100000); return 0; }