#include #ifdef _MSC_VER # include #else # include #endif #include #include namespace suisen { // ! utility template using constraints_t = std::enable_if_t, std::nullptr_t>; template constexpr decltype(auto) constexpr_if(Then&& then, OrElse&& or_else) { if constexpr (cond_v) { return std::forward(then); } else { return std::forward(or_else); } } // ! function template using is_same_as_invoke_result = std::is_same, ReturnType>; template using is_uni_op = is_same_as_invoke_result; template using is_bin_op = is_same_as_invoke_result; template using is_comparator = std::is_same, bool>; // ! integral template >> constexpr int bit_num = std::numeric_limits>::digits; template struct is_nbit { static constexpr bool value = bit_num == n; }; template static constexpr bool is_nbit_v = is_nbit::value; // ? template struct safely_multipliable {}; template <> struct safely_multipliable { using type = long long; }; template <> struct safely_multipliable { using type = __int128_t; }; template <> struct safely_multipliable { using type = unsigned long long; }; template <> struct safely_multipliable { using type = __uint128_t; }; template <> struct safely_multipliable { using type = __uint128_t; }; template <> struct safely_multipliable { using type = float; }; template <> struct safely_multipliable { using type = double; }; template <> struct safely_multipliable { using type = long double; }; template using safely_multipliable_t = typename safely_multipliable::type; template struct rec_value_type { using type = T; }; template struct rec_value_type> { using type = typename rec_value_type::type; }; template using rec_value_type_t = typename rec_value_type::type; } // namespace suisen // ! type aliases using i128 = __int128_t; using u128 = __uint128_t; template using pq_greater = std::priority_queue, std::greater>; // ! macros (internal) #define DETAIL_OVERLOAD2(_1,_2,name,...) name #define DETAIL_OVERLOAD3(_1,_2,_3,name,...) name #define DETAIL_OVERLOAD4(_1,_2,_3,_4,name,...) name #define DETAIL_REP4(i,l,r,s) for(std::remove_reference_t>i=(l);i<(r);i+=(s)) #define DETAIL_REP3(i,l,r) DETAIL_REP4(i,l,r,1) #define DETAIL_REP2(i,n) DETAIL_REP3(i,0,n) #define DETAIL_REPINF3(i,l,s) for(std::remove_reference_t>i=(l);;i+=(s)) #define DETAIL_REPINF2(i,l) DETAIL_REPINF3(i,l,1) #define DETAIL_REPINF1(i) DETAIL_REPINF2(i,0) #define DETAIL_RREP4(i,l,r,s) for(std::remove_reference_t>i=(l)+fld((r)-(l)-1,s)*(s);i>=(l);i-=(s)) #define DETAIL_RREP3(i,l,r) DETAIL_RREP4(i,l,r,1) #define DETAIL_RREP2(i,n) DETAIL_RREP3(i,0,n) #define DETAIL_CAT_I(a, b) a##b #define DETAIL_CAT(a, b) DETAIL_CAT_I(a, b) #define DETAIL_UNIQVAR(tag) DETAIL_CAT(tag, __LINE__) // ! macros #define REP(...) DETAIL_OVERLOAD4(__VA_ARGS__, DETAIL_REP4 , DETAIL_REP3 , DETAIL_REP2 )(__VA_ARGS__) #define RREP(...) DETAIL_OVERLOAD4(__VA_ARGS__, DETAIL_RREP4 , DETAIL_RREP3 , DETAIL_RREP2 )(__VA_ARGS__) #define REPINF(...) DETAIL_OVERLOAD3(__VA_ARGS__, DETAIL_REPINF3, DETAIL_REPINF2, DETAIL_REPINF1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define LOOP(n) for (std::remove_reference_t> DETAIL_UNIQVAR(loop_variable) = n; DETAIL_UNIQVAR(loop_variable) --> 0;) #define ALL(iterable) std::begin(iterable), std::end(iterable) #define INPUT(type, ...) type __VA_ARGS__; read(__VA_ARGS__) // ! debug #ifdef LOCAL # define debug(...) debug_internal(#__VA_ARGS__, __VA_ARGS__) template void debug_internal(const char* s, T&& first, Args&&... args) { constexpr const char* prefix = "[\033[32mDEBUG\033[m] "; constexpr const char* open_brakets = sizeof...(args) == 0 ? "" : "("; constexpr const char* close_brakets = sizeof...(args) == 0 ? "" : ")"; std::cerr << prefix << open_brakets << s << close_brakets << ": " << open_brakets << std::forward(first); ((std::cerr << ", " << std::forward(args)), ...); std::cerr << close_brakets << "\n"; } #else # define debug(...) void(0) #endif // ! I/O utilities // __int128_t std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& dest, __int128_t value) { std::ostream::sentry s(dest); if (s) { __uint128_t tmp = value < 0 ? -value : value; char buffer[128]; char* d = std::end(buffer); do { --d; *d = "0123456789"[tmp % 10]; tmp /= 10; } while (tmp != 0); if (value < 0) { --d; *d = '-'; } int len = std::end(buffer) - d; if (dest.rdbuf()->sputn(d, len) != len) { dest.setstate(std::ios_base::badbit); } } return dest; } // __uint128_t std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& dest, __uint128_t value) { std::ostream::sentry s(dest); if (s) { char buffer[128]; char* d = std::end(buffer); do { --d; *d = "0123456789"[value % 10]; value /= 10; } while (value != 0); int len = std::end(buffer) - d; if (dest.rdbuf()->sputn(d, len) != len) { dest.setstate(std::ios_base::badbit); } } return dest; } // pair template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const std::pair& a) { return out << a.first << ' ' << a.second; } // tuple template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const std::tuple& a) { if constexpr (N >= std::tuple_size_v>) return out; else { out << std::get(a); if constexpr (N + 1 < std::tuple_size_v>) out << ' '; return operator<<(out, a); } } // vector template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const std::vector& a) { for (auto it = a.begin(); it != a.end();) { out << *it; if (++it != a.end()) out << ' '; } return out; } // array template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const std::array& a) { for (auto it = a.begin(); it != a.end();) { out << *it; if (++it != a.end()) out << ' '; } return out; } inline void print() { std::cout << '\n'; } template inline void print(const Head& head, const Tail &...tails) { std::cout << head; if (sizeof...(tails)) std::cout << ' '; print(tails...); } template auto print_all(const Iterable& v, std::string sep = " ", std::string end = "\n") -> decltype(std::cout << *v.begin(), void()) { for (auto it = v.begin(); it != v.end();) { std::cout << *it; if (++it != v.end()) std::cout << sep; } std::cout << end; } __int128_t stoi128(const std::string& s) { __int128_t ret = 0; for (int i = 0; i < int(s.size()); i++) if ('0' <= s[i] and s[i] <= '9') ret = 10 * ret + s[i] - '0'; if (s[0] == '-') ret = -ret; return ret; } __uint128_t stou128(const std::string& s) { __uint128_t ret = 0; for (int i = 0; i < int(s.size()); i++) if ('0' <= s[i] and s[i] <= '9') ret = 10 * ret + s[i] - '0'; return ret; } // __int128_t std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, __int128_t& v) { std::string s; in >> s; v = stoi128(s); return in; } // __uint128_t std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, __uint128_t& v) { std::string s; in >> s; v = stou128(s); return in; } // pair template std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, std::pair& a) { return in >> a.first >> a.second; } // tuple template std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, std::tuple& a) { if constexpr (N >= std::tuple_size_v>) return in; else return operator>>(in >> std::get(a), a); } // vector template std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, std::vector& a) { for (auto it = a.begin(); it != a.end(); ++it) in >> *it; return in; } // array template std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, std::array& a) { for (auto it = a.begin(); it != a.end(); ++it) in >> *it; return in; } template void read(Args &...args) { (std::cin >> ... >> args); } // ! integral utilities // Returns pow(-1, n) template constexpr inline int pow_m1(T n) { return -(n & 1) | 1; } // Returns pow(-1, n) template <> constexpr inline int pow_m1(bool n) { return -int(n) | 1; } // Returns floor(x / y) template constexpr inline T fld(const T x, const T y) { return (x ^ y) >= 0 ? x / y : (x - (y + pow_m1(y >= 0))) / y; } template constexpr inline T cld(const T x, const T y) { return (x ^ y) <= 0 ? x / y : (x + (y + pow_m1(y >= 0))) / y; } template >, std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> __attribute__((target("popcnt"))) constexpr inline int popcount(const T x) { return _mm_popcnt_u32(x); } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> __attribute__((target("popcnt"))) constexpr inline int popcount(const T x) { return _mm_popcnt_u64(x); } template >, std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> constexpr inline int count_lz(const T x) { return x ? __builtin_clz(x) : suisen::bit_num; } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> constexpr inline int count_lz(const T x) { return x ? __builtin_clzll(x) : suisen::bit_num; } template >, std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> constexpr inline int count_tz(const T x) { return x ? __builtin_ctz(x) : suisen::bit_num; } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> constexpr inline int count_tz(const T x) { return x ? __builtin_ctzll(x) : suisen::bit_num; } template constexpr inline int floor_log2(const T x) { return suisen::bit_num - 1 - count_lz(x); } template constexpr inline int ceil_log2(const T x) { return floor_log2(x) + ((x & -x) != x); } template constexpr inline int kth_bit(const T x, const unsigned int k) { return (x >> k) & 1; } template constexpr inline int parity(const T x) { return popcount(x) & 1; } // ! container template auto priqueue_comp(const Comparator comparator) { return std::priority_queue, Comparator>(comparator); } template void sort_unique_erase(Container& a) { std::sort(a.begin(), a.end()); a.erase(std::unique(a.begin(), a.end()), a.end()); } template auto foreach_adjacent_values(InputIterator first, InputIterator last, BiConsumer f) -> decltype(f(*first++, *last), void()) { if (first != last) for (auto itr = first, itl = itr++; itr != last; itl = itr++) f(*itl, *itr); } template auto foreach_adjacent_values(Container &&c, BiConsumer f) -> decltype(c.begin(), c.end(), void()) { foreach_adjacent_values(c.begin(), c.end(), f); } // ! other utilities // x <- min(x, y). returns true iff `x` has chenged. template inline bool chmin(T& x, const T& y) { return y >= x ? false : (x = y, true); } // x <- max(x, y). returns true iff `x` has chenged. template inline bool chmax(T& x, const T& y) { return y <= x ? false : (x = y, true); } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> std::string bin(T val, int bit_num = -1) { std::string res; if (bit_num != -1) { for (int bit = bit_num; bit-- > 0;) res += '0' + ((val >> bit) & 1); } else { for (; val; val >>= 1) res += '0' + (val & 1); std::reverse(res.begin(), res.end()); } return res; } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> std::vector digits_low_to_high(T val, T base = 10) { std::vector res; for (; val; val /= base) res.push_back(val % base); if (res.empty()) res.push_back(T{ 0 }); return res; } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> std::vector digits_high_to_low(T val, T base = 10) { auto res = digits_low_to_high(val, base); std::reverse(res.begin(), res.end()); return res; } template std::string join(const std::vector& v, const std::string& sep, const std::string& end) { std::ostringstream ss; for (auto it = v.begin(); it != v.end();) { ss << *it; if (++it != v.end()) ss << sep; } ss << end; return ss.str(); } template auto transform_to_vector(const Func &f, const Seq &s) { std::vector> v; v.reserve(std::size(s)), std::transform(std::begin(s), std::end(s), std::back_inserter(v), f); return v; } template auto copy_to_vector(const Seq &s) { std::vector v; v.reserve(std::size(s)), std::copy(std::begin(s), std::end(s), std::back_inserter(v)); return v; } template Seq concat(Seq s, const Seq &t) { s.reserve(std::size(s) + std::size(t)); std::copy(std::begin(t), std::end(t), std::back_inserter(s)); return s; } template std::vector split(const Seq s, typename Seq::value_type delim) { std::vector res; for (auto itl = std::begin(s), itr = itl;; itl = ++itr) { while (itr != std::end(s) and *itr != delim) ++itr; res.emplace_back(itl, itr); if (itr == std::end(s)) return res; } } int digit_to_int(char c) { return c - '0'; } int lowercase_to_int(char c) { return c - 'a'; } int uppercase_to_int(char c) { return c - 'A'; } std::vector digit_str_to_ints(const std::string &s) { return transform_to_vector(digit_to_int, s); } std::vector lowercase_str_to_ints(const std::string &s) { return transform_to_vector(lowercase_to_int, s); } std::vector uppercase_str_to_ints(const std::string &s) { return transform_to_vector(uppercase_to_int, s); } template , std::enable_if_t< std::conjunction_v< std::is_invocable, std::is_invocable_r, std::invoke_result_t > >, std::nullptr_t> = nullptr > auto comparator(const ToKey &to_key, const CompareValue &compare_value = std::less<>()) { return [to_key, compare_value](const T& x, const T& y) { return compare_value(to_key(x), to_key(y)); }; } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> std::vector sorted_indices(int n, const ToKey &to_key) { std::vector p(n); std::iota(p.begin(), p.end(), 0); std::sort(p.begin(), p.end(), comparator(to_key)); return p; } template , std::nullptr_t> = nullptr> std::vector sorted_indices(int n, const Compare &compare) { std::vector p(n); std::iota(p.begin(), p.end(), 0); std::sort(p.begin(), p.end(), compare); return p; } const std::string Yes = "Yes", No = "No", YES = "YES", NO = "NO"; namespace suisen {} using namespace suisen; using namespace std; struct io_setup { io_setup(int precision = 20) { std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false); std::cin.tie(nullptr); std::cout << std::fixed << std::setprecision(precision); } } io_setup_ {}; // ! code from here #include using mint = atcoder::modint998244353; namespace atcoder { std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, mint &a) { long long e; in >> e; a = e; return in; } std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const mint &a) { out << a.val(); return out; } } // namespace atcoder #include namespace suisen { template struct static_pow_mods { static_pow_mods() {} static_pow_mods(int n) { ensure(n); } const mint& operator[](int i) const { ensure(i); return pows[i]; } static void ensure(int n) { int sz = pows.size(); if (sz > n) return; pows.resize(n + 1); for (int i = sz; i <= n; ++i) pows[i] = base * pows[i - 1]; } private: static inline std::vector pows { 1 }; static inline mint base = base_as_int; static constexpr int mod = mint::mod(); }; template struct pow_mods { pow_mods() {} pow_mods(mint base, int n) : base(base) { ensure(n); } const mint& operator[](int i) const { ensure(i); return pows[i]; } void ensure(int n) const { int sz = pows.size(); if (sz > n) return; pows.resize(n + 1); for (int i = sz; i <= n; ++i) pows[i] = base * pows[i - 1]; } private: mutable std::vector pows { 1 }; mint base; static constexpr int mod = mint::mod(); }; } #include #include #include namespace suisen { namespace internal::rerooting { using void_weight = std::monostate; template struct Rerooting { using vertex_weight = VertexWeight; using edge_weight = EdgeWeight; private: using is_vertex_weight_void = std::is_same; using is_edge_weight_void = std::is_same; static constexpr bool is_vertex_weight_void_v = is_vertex_weight_void::value; static constexpr bool is_edge_weight_void_v = is_edge_weight_void::value; template using is_add_subtree_root = std::conditional_t< std::negation_v, std::conditional_t< std::negation_v, std::is_invocable_r, std::is_invocable_r >, std::conditional_t< std::negation_v, std::is_invocable_r, std::is_invocable_r > >; template using is_add_root = std::conditional_t< std::negation_v, std::is_invocable_r, std::is_invocable_r >; public: Rerooting() : _w{} {} explicit Rerooting(int n) : _w(n) {} explicit Rerooting(const std::vector& w) : _w(w) {} void reserve(int n) { _w.reserve(n); } void add_vertex(const vertex_weight& w) { _w.emplace_back(w); } void add_edge(int u, int v, const edge_weight& w = {}) { const int n = _w.size(); assert(0 <= u and u < n); assert(0 <= v and v < n); _e.emplace_back(u, v, w); } void set_vertex_weights(const std::vector& w) { assert(w.size() == _w.size()); _w = w; } /** * op : (T, T) -> T // commutative monoid * e : () -> T // identity * add_subtree_root : (T, vertex_weight, edge_weight) -> T // add subroot, edge to parent * add_root : (T, vertex_weight) -> T // add root */ template >, std::enable_if_t, std::is_invocable_r, is_add_subtree_root, is_add_root >, std::nullptr_t> = nullptr > std::vector run_dp(const Op& op, const E& e, const AddSubtreeRoot& add_subtree_root, const AddRoot& add_root) const { auto add_subtree_root_ = [&add_subtree_root](const DP &val, const vertex_weight& vw, const edge_weight& ew) { if constexpr (std::negation_v) { if constexpr (std::negation_v) { return add_subtree_root(val, vw, ew); } else { return add_subtree_root(val, vw); } } else { if constexpr (std::negation_v) { return add_subtree_root(val, ew); } else { return add_subtree_root(val); } } }; auto add_root_ = [&add_root](const DP &val, const vertex_weight& vw) { if constexpr (std::negation_v) { return add_root(val, vw); } else { return add_root(val); } }; const int n = _w.size(); GraphCSR g(n, _e); std::vector dp(n, e()); [dfs = [&, this](auto dfs, int u, int p) -> void { for (const auto& [v, w] : g[u]) if (v != p) { dfs(dfs, v, u); dp[u] = op(dp[u], add_subtree_root_(dp[v], _w[v], w)); } }] { dfs(dfs, 0, -1); }(); dp[0] = add_root_(dp[0], _w[0]); [dfs = [&, this](auto dfs, int u, int p, const DP& sum_p) -> void { auto get_sum = [&](int v) { return v == p ? sum_p : dp[v]; }; const int siz = g[u].size(); std::vector sum_r(siz + 1, e()); for (int i = siz - 1; i >= 0; --i) { const auto& [v, w] = g[u][i]; sum_r[i] = op(sum_r[i + 1], add_subtree_root_(get_sum(v), _w[v], w)); } DP sum_l = e(); for (int i = 0; i < siz; ++i) { const auto& [v, w] = g[u][i]; DP nxt_sum_l = op(sum_l, add_subtree_root_(get_sum(v), _w[v], w)); if (v != p) { DP sum_lr = op(sum_l, sum_r[i + 1]); DP sum_v = op(dp[v], add_subtree_root_(sum_lr, _w[u], w)); dp[v] = add_root_(sum_v, _w[v]); dfs(dfs, v, u, sum_lr); } sum_l = std::move(nxt_sum_l); } }, &e] { dfs(dfs, 0, -1, e()); }(); return dp; } private: std::vector _w; std::vector> _e; struct GraphCSR { GraphCSR(int n, const std::vector>& edges) : _n(n), _m(edges.size()), _edges(2 * _m), _start(_n + 1) { for (const auto& [u, v, w] : edges) { ++_start[u]; ++_start[v]; } for (int i = 1; i <= _n; ++i) { _start[i] += _start[i - 1]; } for (const auto& [u, v, w] : edges) { _edges[--_start[u]] = { v, w }; _edges[--_start[v]] = { u, w }; } } private: using edge_type = std::pair; using iterator = typename std::vector::const_iterator; struct AdjacentListView { AdjacentListView(const iterator& l, const iterator& r) : _l(l), _r(r) {} int size() const { return _r - _l; } const edge_type& operator[](int i) const { return *(_l + i); } iterator begin() const { return _l; } iterator end() const { return _r; } private: iterator _l, _r; }; public: AdjacentListView operator[](int u) const { return AdjacentListView(_edges.begin() + _start[u], _edges.begin() + _start[u + 1]); } private: int _n, _m; std::vector> _edges; std::vector _start; }; }; } using Rerooting = internal::rerooting::Rerooting; template using RerootingVertexWeighted = internal::rerooting::Rerooting; template using RerootingEdgeWeighted = internal::rerooting::Rerooting; template using RerootingWeighted = internal::rerooting::Rerooting; } // namsepace suisen using S = pair; int main() { int n; read(n); static_pow_mods<10, mint> pow10(100); vector a(n); REP(i, n) { string s; read(s); a[i] = { mint(stoll(s)), int(s.size()) }; } RerootingVertexWeighted g(a); REP(i, n - 1) { int u, v; read(u, v); --u, --v; g.add_edge(u, v); } vector ans = g.run_dp( [](const S& x, const S& y) { return S{ x.first + y.first, x.second + y.second }; }, []{ return S{ 0, 0 }; }, [&pow10](S sum, S w) { return S { sum.first * pow10[w.second] + w.first * (sum.second + 1), sum.second + 1 }; }, [&pow10](S sum, S w) { return S { sum.first * pow10[w.second] + w.first * (sum.second + 1), sum.second + 1 }; } ); mint sum_ans = 0; for (auto [sum, siz] : ans) { assert(siz == n); sum_ans += sum; } print(sum_ans); return 0; }