#include <cassert> // assert
#include <iostream> // cin, cout, ios
#include <utility> // swap
#include <boost/multiprecision/cpp_int.hpp>
namespace mp = boost::multiprecision;
using bigint = mp::cpp_int;

bigint floor_sum(bigint n, bigint m, bigint a, bigint b) {
    assert(n >= 0 && m > 0 && a >= 0 && b >= 0);
    bigint x = 0, q;
    while(n > 0) {
        mp::divide_qr(a, m, q, a);
        x += q * (n * (n - 1) >> 1);
        mp::divide_qr(b, m, q, b);
        x += q * n;
        mp::divide_qr(a * n + b, m, n, b);
        std::swap(a, m);
    }
    return x;
}

int main() {
    std::cin.tie(nullptr);
    std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    int q, s;
    bigint n, d, m, t, u;
    std::cin >> q;
    for(int i = 0; i < q; i++) {
        std::cin >> n >> d >> m >> s;
        t = (bigint)1 << s, u = d * m;
        if (t != u) {
            n = mp::min(n, d * t / mp::abs(t - u));
            n -= mp::abs(floor_sum(n + 1, t, m, 0) - floor_sum(n + 1, d, 1, 0));
        }
        std::cout << n << '\n';
    }
}