#line 1 "/home/maspy/compro/library/my_template.hpp" #if defined(LOCAL) #include #else #pragma GCC optimize("Ofast") #pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops") #include using namespace std; using ll = long long; using u32 = unsigned int; using u64 = unsigned long long; using i128 = __int128; using u128 = unsigned __int128; using f128 = __float128; template constexpr T infty = 0; template <> constexpr int infty = 1'000'000'000; template <> constexpr ll infty = ll(infty) * infty * 2; template <> constexpr u32 infty = infty; template <> constexpr u64 infty = infty; template <> constexpr i128 infty = i128(infty) * infty; template <> constexpr double infty = infty; template <> constexpr long double infty = infty; using pi = pair; using vi = vector; template using vc = vector; template using vvc = vector>; template using vvvc = vector>; template using vvvvc = vector>; template using vvvvvc = vector>; template using pq = priority_queue; template using pqg = priority_queue, greater>; #define vv(type, name, h, ...) \ vector> name(h, vector(__VA_ARGS__)) #define vvv(type, name, h, w, ...) \ vector>> name( \ h, vector>(w, vector(__VA_ARGS__))) #define vvvv(type, name, a, b, c, ...) \ vector>>> name( \ a, vector>>( \ b, vector>(c, vector(__VA_ARGS__)))) // https://trap.jp/post/1224/ #define FOR1(a) for (ll _ = 0; _ < ll(a); ++_) #define FOR2(i, a) for (ll i = 0; i < ll(a); ++i) #define FOR3(i, a, b) for (ll i = a; i < ll(b); ++i) #define FOR4(i, a, b, c) for (ll i = a; i < ll(b); i += (c)) #define FOR1_R(a) for (ll i = (a)-1; i >= ll(0); --i) #define FOR2_R(i, a) for (ll i = (a)-1; i >= ll(0); --i) #define FOR3_R(i, a, b) for (ll i = (b)-1; i >= ll(a); --i) #define overload4(a, b, c, d, e, ...) e #define overload3(a, b, c, d, ...) d #define FOR(...) overload4(__VA_ARGS__, FOR4, FOR3, FOR2, FOR1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define FOR_R(...) overload3(__VA_ARGS__, FOR3_R, FOR2_R, FOR1_R)(__VA_ARGS__) #define FOR_subset(t, s) \ for (ll t = (s); t >= 0; t = (t == 0 ? -1 : (t - 1) & (s))) #define all(x) x.begin(), x.end() #define len(x) ll(x.size()) #define elif else if #define eb emplace_back #define mp make_pair #define mt make_tuple #define fi first #define se second #define stoi stoll int popcnt(int x) { return __builtin_popcount(x); } int popcnt(u32 x) { return __builtin_popcount(x); } int popcnt(ll x) { return __builtin_popcountll(x); } int popcnt(u64 x) { return __builtin_popcountll(x); } int popcnt_mod_2(int x) { return __builtin_parity(x); } int popcnt_mod_2(u32 x) { return __builtin_parity(x); } int popcnt_mod_2(ll x) { return __builtin_parityll(x); } int popcnt_mod_2(u64 x) { return __builtin_parityll(x); } // (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) -> (-1, 0, 1, 1, 2) int topbit(int x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : 31 - __builtin_clz(x)); } int topbit(u32 x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : 31 - __builtin_clz(x)); } int topbit(ll x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : 63 - __builtin_clzll(x)); } int topbit(u64 x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : 63 - __builtin_clzll(x)); } // (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) -> (-1, 0, 1, 0, 2) int lowbit(int x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : __builtin_ctz(x)); } int lowbit(u32 x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : __builtin_ctz(x)); } int lowbit(ll x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : __builtin_ctzll(x)); } int lowbit(u64 x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : __builtin_ctzll(x)); } template T floor(T a, T b) { return a / b - (a % b && (a ^ b) < 0); } template T ceil(T x, T y) { return floor(x + y - 1, y); } template T bmod(T x, T y) { return x - y * floor(x, y); } template pair divmod(T x, T y) { T q = floor(x, y); return {q, x - q * y}; } template T SUM(const vector &A) { T sm = 0; for (auto &&a: A) sm += a; return sm; } #define MIN(v) *min_element(all(v)) #define MAX(v) *max_element(all(v)) #define LB(c, x) distance((c).begin(), lower_bound(all(c), (x))) #define UB(c, x) distance((c).begin(), upper_bound(all(c), (x))) #define UNIQUE(x) \ sort(all(x)), x.erase(unique(all(x)), x.end()), x.shrink_to_fit() template T POP(deque &que) { T a = que.front(); que.pop_front(); return a; } template T POP(pq &que) { T a = que.top(); que.pop(); return a; } template T POP(pqg &que) { T a = que.top(); que.pop(); return a; } template T POP(vc &que) { T a = que.back(); que.pop_back(); return a; } template ll binary_search(F check, ll ok, ll ng, bool check_ok = true) { if (check_ok) assert(check(ok)); while (abs(ok - ng) > 1) { auto x = (ng + ok) / 2; (check(x) ? ok : ng) = x; } return ok; } template double binary_search_real(F check, double ok, double ng, int iter = 100) { FOR(iter) { double x = (ok + ng) / 2; (check(x) ? ok : ng) = x; } return (ok + ng) / 2; } template inline bool chmax(T &a, const S &b) { return (a < b ? a = b, 1 : 0); } template inline bool chmin(T &a, const S &b) { return (a > b ? a = b, 1 : 0); } // ? は -1 vc s_to_vi(const string &S, char first_char) { vc A(S.size()); FOR(i, S.size()) { A[i] = (S[i] != '?' ? S[i] - first_char : -1); } return A; } template vector cumsum(vector &A, int off = 1) { int N = A.size(); vector B(N + 1); FOR(i, N) { B[i + 1] = B[i] + A[i]; } if (off == 0) B.erase(B.begin()); return B; } // stable sort template vector argsort(const vector &A) { vector ids(len(A)); iota(all(ids), 0); sort(all(ids), [&](int i, int j) { return (A[i] == A[j] ? i < j : A[i] < A[j]); }); return ids; } // A[I[0]], A[I[1]], ... template vc rearrange(const vc &A, const vc &I) { vc B(len(I)); FOR(i, len(I)) B[i] = A[I[i]]; return B; } #endif #line 1 "/home/maspy/compro/library/other/io.hpp" #define FASTIO #include // https://judge.yosupo.jp/submission/21623 namespace fastio { static constexpr uint32_t SZ = 1 << 17; char ibuf[SZ]; char obuf[SZ]; char out[100]; // pointer of ibuf, obuf uint32_t pil = 0, pir = 0, por = 0; struct Pre { char num[10000][4]; constexpr Pre() : num() { for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) { int n = i; for (int j = 3; j >= 0; j--) { num[i][j] = n % 10 | '0'; n /= 10; } } } } constexpr pre; inline void load() { memcpy(ibuf, ibuf + pil, pir - pil); pir = pir - pil + fread(ibuf + pir - pil, 1, SZ - pir + pil, stdin); pil = 0; if (pir < SZ) ibuf[pir++] = '\n'; } inline void flush() { fwrite(obuf, 1, por, stdout); por = 0; } void rd(char &c) { do { if (pil + 1 > pir) load(); c = ibuf[pil++]; } while (isspace(c)); } void rd(string &x) { x.clear(); char c; do { if (pil + 1 > pir) load(); c = ibuf[pil++]; } while (isspace(c)); do { x += c; if (pil == pir) load(); c = ibuf[pil++]; } while (!isspace(c)); } template void rd_real(T &x) { string s; rd(s); x = stod(s); } template void rd_integer(T &x) { if (pil + 100 > pir) load(); char c; do c = ibuf[pil++]; while (c < '-'); bool minus = 0; if constexpr (is_signed::value || is_same_v) { if (c == '-') { minus = 1, c = ibuf[pil++]; } } x = 0; while ('0' <= c) { x = x * 10 + (c & 15), c = ibuf[pil++]; } if constexpr (is_signed::value || is_same_v) { if (minus) x = -x; } } void rd(int &x) { rd_integer(x); } void rd(ll &x) { rd_integer(x); } void rd(i128 &x) { rd_integer(x); } void rd(u32 &x) { rd_integer(x); } void rd(u64 &x) { rd_integer(x); } void rd(u128 &x) { rd_integer(x); } void rd(double &x) { rd_real(x); } void rd(long double &x) { rd_real(x); } void rd(f128 &x) { rd_real(x); } template void rd(pair &p) { return rd(p.first), rd(p.second); } template void rd_tuple(T &t) { if constexpr (N < std::tuple_size::value) { auto &x = std::get(t); rd(x); rd_tuple(t); } } template void rd(tuple &tpl) { rd_tuple(tpl); } template void rd(array &x) { for (auto &d: x) rd(d); } template void rd(vc &x) { for (auto &d: x) rd(d); } void read() {} template void read(H &h, T &... t) { rd(h), read(t...); } void wt(const char c) { if (por == SZ) flush(); obuf[por++] = c; } void wt(const string s) { for (char c: s) wt(c); } void wt(const char *s) { size_t len = strlen(s); for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) wt(s[i]); } template void wt_integer(T x) { if (por > SZ - 100) flush(); if (x < 0) { obuf[por++] = '-', x = -x; } int outi; for (outi = 96; x >= 10000; outi -= 4) { memcpy(out + outi, pre.num[x % 10000], 4); x /= 10000; } if (x >= 1000) { memcpy(obuf + por, pre.num[x], 4); por += 4; } else if (x >= 100) { memcpy(obuf + por, pre.num[x] + 1, 3); por += 3; } else if (x >= 10) { int q = (x * 103) >> 10; obuf[por] = q | '0'; obuf[por + 1] = (x - q * 10) | '0'; por += 2; } else obuf[por++] = x | '0'; memcpy(obuf + por, out + outi + 4, 96 - outi); por += 96 - outi; } template void wt_real(T x) { ostringstream oss; oss << fixed << setprecision(15) << double(x); string s = oss.str(); wt(s); } void wt(int x) { wt_integer(x); } void wt(ll x) { wt_integer(x); } void wt(i128 x) { wt_integer(x); } void wt(u32 x) { wt_integer(x); } void wt(u64 x) { wt_integer(x); } void wt(u128 x) { wt_integer(x); } void wt(double x) { wt_real(x); } void wt(long double x) { wt_real(x); } void wt(f128 x) { wt_real(x); } template void wt(const pair val) { wt(val.first); wt(' '); wt(val.second); } template void wt_tuple(const T t) { if constexpr (N < std::tuple_size::value) { if constexpr (N > 0) { wt(' '); } const auto x = std::get(t); wt(x); wt_tuple(t); } } template void wt(tuple tpl) { wt_tuple(tpl); } template void wt(const array val) { auto n = val.size(); for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) { if (i) wt(' '); wt(val[i]); } } template void wt(const vector val) { auto n = val.size(); for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) { if (i) wt(' '); wt(val[i]); } } void print() { wt('\n'); } template void print(Head &&head, Tail &&... tail) { wt(head); if (sizeof...(Tail)) wt(' '); print(forward(tail)...); } // gcc expansion. called automaticall after main. void __attribute__((destructor)) _d() { flush(); } } // namespace fastio using fastio::read; using fastio::print; using fastio::flush; #define INT(...) \ int __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define LL(...) \ ll __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define U32(...) \ u32 __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define U64(...) \ u64 __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define STR(...) \ string __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define CHAR(...) \ char __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define DBL(...) \ double __VA_ARGS__; \ read(__VA_ARGS__) #define VEC(type, name, size) \ vector name(size); \ read(name) #define VV(type, name, h, w) \ vector> name(h, vector(w)); \ read(name) void YES(bool t = 1) { print(t ? "YES" : "NO"); } void NO(bool t = 1) { YES(!t); } void Yes(bool t = 1) { print(t ? "Yes" : "No"); } void No(bool t = 1) { Yes(!t); } void yes(bool t = 1) { print(t ? "yes" : "no"); } void no(bool t = 1) { yes(!t); } #line 3 "main.cpp" #line 2 "/home/maspy/compro/library/graph/tree.hpp" #line 2 "/home/maspy/compro/library/graph/base.hpp" template struct Edge { int frm, to; T cost; int id; }; template struct Graph { static constexpr bool is_directed = directed; int N, M; using cost_type = T; using edge_type = Edge; vector edges; vector indptr; vector csr_edges; vc vc_deg, vc_indeg, vc_outdeg; bool prepared; class OutgoingEdges { public: OutgoingEdges(const Graph* G, int l, int r) : G(G), l(l), r(r) {} const edge_type* begin() const { if (l == r) { return 0; } return &G->csr_edges[l]; } const edge_type* end() const { if (l == r) { return 0; } return &G->csr_edges[r]; } private: const Graph* G; int l, r; }; bool is_prepared() { return prepared; } Graph() : N(0), M(0), prepared(0) {} Graph(int N) : N(N), M(0), prepared(0) {} void build(int n) { N = n, M = 0; prepared = 0; edges.clear(); indptr.clear(); csr_edges.clear(); vc_deg.clear(); vc_indeg.clear(); vc_outdeg.clear(); } void add(int frm, int to, T cost = 1, int i = -1) { assert(!prepared); assert(0 <= frm && 0 <= to && to < N); if (i == -1) i = M; auto e = edge_type({frm, to, cost, i}); edges.eb(e); ++M; } #ifdef FASTIO // wt, off void read_tree(bool wt = false, int off = 1) { read_graph(N - 1, wt, off); } void read_graph(int M, bool wt = false, int off = 1) { for (int m = 0; m < M; ++m) { INT(a, b); a -= off, b -= off; if (!wt) { add(a, b); } else { T c; read(c); add(a, b, c); } } build(); } #endif void build() { assert(!prepared); prepared = true; indptr.assign(N + 1, 0); for (auto&& e: edges) { indptr[e.frm + 1]++; if (!directed) indptr[e.to + 1]++; } for (int v = 0; v < N; ++v) { indptr[v + 1] += indptr[v]; } auto counter = indptr; csr_edges.resize(indptr.back() + 1); for (auto&& e: edges) { csr_edges[counter[e.frm]++] = e; if (!directed) csr_edges[counter[e.to]++] = edge_type({e.to, e.frm, e.cost, e.id}); } } OutgoingEdges operator[](int v) const { assert(prepared); return {this, indptr[v], indptr[v + 1]}; } vc deg_array() { if (vc_deg.empty()) calc_deg(); return vc_deg; } pair, vc> deg_array_inout() { if (vc_indeg.empty()) calc_deg_inout(); return {vc_indeg, vc_outdeg}; } int deg(int v) { if (vc_deg.empty()) calc_deg(); return vc_deg[v]; } int in_deg(int v) { if (vc_indeg.empty()) calc_deg_inout(); return vc_indeg[v]; } int out_deg(int v) { if (vc_outdeg.empty()) calc_deg_inout(); return vc_outdeg[v]; } #ifdef FASTIO void debug() { print("Graph"); if (!prepared) { print("frm to cost id"); for (auto&& e: edges) print(e.frm, e.to, e.cost, e.id); } else { print("indptr", indptr); print("frm to cost id"); FOR(v, N) for (auto&& e: (*this)[v]) print(e.frm, e.to, e.cost, e.id); } } #endif vc new_idx; vc used_e; // G における頂点 V[i] が、新しいグラフで i になるようにする // {G, es} Graph rearrange(vc V, bool keep_eid = 0) { if (len(new_idx) != N) new_idx.assign(N, -1); if (len(used_e) != M) used_e.assign(M, 0); int n = len(V); FOR(i, n) new_idx[V[i]] = i; Graph G(n); vc history; FOR(i, n) { for (auto&& e: (*this)[V[i]]) { if (used_e[e.id]) continue; int a = e.frm, b = e.to; if (new_idx[a] != -1 && new_idx[b] != -1) { history.eb(e.id); used_e[e.id] = 1; int eid = (keep_eid ? e.id : -1); G.add(new_idx[a], new_idx[b], e.cost, eid); } } } FOR(i, n) new_idx[V[i]] = -1; for (auto&& eid: history) used_e[eid] = 0; G.build(); return G; } private: void calc_deg() { assert(vc_deg.empty()); vc_deg.resize(N); for (auto&& e: edges) vc_deg[e.frm]++, vc_deg[e.to]++; } void calc_deg_inout() { assert(vc_indeg.empty()); vc_indeg.resize(N); vc_outdeg.resize(N); for (auto&& e: edges) { vc_indeg[e.to]++, vc_outdeg[e.frm]++; } } }; #line 4 "/home/maspy/compro/library/graph/tree.hpp" // HLD euler tour をとっていろいろ。 template struct Tree { using Graph_type = GT; GT &G; using WT = typename GT::cost_type; int N; vector LID, RID, head, V, parent, VtoE; vc depth; vc depth_weighted; Tree(GT &G, int r = 0, bool hld = 1) : G(G) { build(r, hld); } void build(int r = 0, bool hld = 1) { if (r == -1) return; // build を遅延したいとき N = G.N; LID.assign(N, -1), RID.assign(N, -1), head.assign(N, r); V.assign(N, -1), parent.assign(N, -1), VtoE.assign(N, -1); depth.assign(N, -1), depth_weighted.assign(N, 0); assert(G.is_prepared()); int t1 = 0; dfs_sz(r, -1, hld); dfs_hld(r, t1); } void dfs_sz(int v, int p, bool hld) { auto &sz = RID; parent[v] = p; depth[v] = (p == -1 ? 0 : depth[p] + 1); sz[v] = 1; int l = G.indptr[v], r = G.indptr[v + 1]; auto &csr = G.csr_edges; // 使う辺があれば先頭にする for (int i = r - 2; i >= l; --i) { if (hld && depth[csr[i + 1].to] == -1) swap(csr[i], csr[i + 1]); } int hld_sz = 0; for (int i = l; i < r; ++i) { auto e = csr[i]; if (depth[e.to] != -1) continue; depth_weighted[e.to] = depth_weighted[v] + e.cost; VtoE[e.to] = e.id; dfs_sz(e.to, v, hld); sz[v] += sz[e.to]; if (hld && chmax(hld_sz, sz[e.to]) && l < i) { swap(csr[l], csr[i]); } } } void dfs_hld(int v, int ×) { LID[v] = times++; RID[v] += LID[v]; V[LID[v]] = v; bool heavy = true; for (auto &&e: G[v]) { if (depth[e.to] <= depth[v]) continue; head[e.to] = (heavy ? head[v] : e.to); heavy = false; dfs_hld(e.to, times); } } vc heavy_path_at(int v) { vc P = {v}; while (1) { int a = P.back(); for (auto &&e: G[a]) { if (e.to != parent[a] && head[e.to] == v) { P.eb(e.to); break; } } if (P.back() == a) break; } return P; } int heavy_child(int v) { int k = LID[v] + 1; if (k == N) return -1; int w = V[k]; return (parent[w] == v ? w : -1); } int e_to_v(int eid) { auto e = G.edges[eid]; return (parent[e.frm] == e.to ? e.frm : e.to); } int v_to_e(int v) { return VtoE[v]; } int ELID(int v) { return 2 * LID[v] - depth[v]; } int ERID(int v) { return 2 * RID[v] - depth[v] - 1; } // 目標地点へ進む個数が k int LA(int v, int k) { assert(k <= depth[v]); while (1) { int u = head[v]; if (LID[v] - k >= LID[u]) return V[LID[v] - k]; k -= LID[v] - LID[u] + 1; v = parent[u]; } } int la(int u, int v) { return LA(u, v); } int LCA(int u, int v) { for (;; v = parent[head[v]]) { if (LID[u] > LID[v]) swap(u, v); if (head[u] == head[v]) return u; } } // root を根とした場合の lca int LCA_root(int u, int v, int root) { return LCA(u, v) ^ LCA(u, root) ^ LCA(v, root); } int lca(int u, int v) { return LCA(u, v); } int lca_root(int u, int v, int root) { return LCA_root(u, v, root); } int subtree_size(int v, int root = -1) { if (root == -1) return RID[v] - LID[v]; if (v == root) return N; int x = jump(v, root, 1); if (in_subtree(v, x)) return RID[v] - LID[v]; return N - RID[x] + LID[x]; } int dist(int a, int b) { int c = LCA(a, b); return depth[a] + depth[b] - 2 * depth[c]; } WT dist_weighted(int a, int b) { int c = LCA(a, b); return depth_weighted[a] + depth_weighted[b] - WT(2) * depth_weighted[c]; } // a is in b bool in_subtree(int a, int b) { return LID[b] <= LID[a] && LID[a] < RID[b]; } int jump(int a, int b, ll k) { if (k == 1) { if (a == b) return -1; return (in_subtree(b, a) ? LA(b, depth[b] - depth[a] - 1) : parent[a]); } int c = LCA(a, b); int d_ac = depth[a] - depth[c]; int d_bc = depth[b] - depth[c]; if (k > d_ac + d_bc) return -1; if (k <= d_ac) return LA(a, k); return LA(b, d_ac + d_bc - k); } vc collect_child(int v) { vc res; for (auto &&e: G[v]) if (e.to != parent[v]) res.eb(e.to); return res; } vc> get_path_decomposition(int u, int v, bool edge) { // [始点, 終点] の"閉"区間列。 vc> up, down; while (1) { if (head[u] == head[v]) break; if (LID[u] < LID[v]) { down.eb(LID[head[v]], LID[v]); v = parent[head[v]]; } else { up.eb(LID[u], LID[head[u]]); u = parent[head[u]]; } } if (LID[u] < LID[v]) down.eb(LID[u] + edge, LID[v]); elif (LID[v] + edge <= LID[u]) up.eb(LID[u], LID[v] + edge); reverse(all(down)); up.insert(up.end(), all(down)); return up; } vc restore_path(int u, int v) { vc P; for (auto &&[a, b]: get_path_decomposition(u, v, 0)) { if (a <= b) { FOR(i, a, b + 1) P.eb(V[i]); } else { FOR_R(i, b, a + 1) P.eb(V[i]); } } return P; } }; #line 2 "/home/maspy/compro/library/ds/segtree/dual_segtree.hpp" template struct Dual_SegTree { using MA = Monoid; using A = typename MA::value_type; int n, log, size; vc laz; Dual_SegTree() : Dual_SegTree(0) {} Dual_SegTree(int n) { build(n); } void build(int m) { n = m; log = 1; while ((1 << log) < n) ++log; size = 1 << log; laz.assign(size << 1, MA::unit()); } A get(int p) { assert(0 <= p && p < n); p += size; for (int i = log; i >= 1; i--) push(p >> i); return laz[p]; } vc get_all() { FOR(i, size) push(i); return {laz.begin() + size, laz.begin() + size + n}; } void apply(int l, int r, const A& a) { assert(0 <= l && l <= r && r <= n); if (l == r) return; l += size, r += size; if (!MA::commute) { for (int i = log; i >= 1; i--) { if (((l >> i) << i) != l) push(l >> i); if (((r >> i) << i) != r) push((r - 1) >> i); } } while (l < r) { if (l & 1) all_apply(l++, a); if (r & 1) all_apply(--r, a); l >>= 1, r >>= 1; } } private: void push(int k) { if (laz[k] == MA::unit()) return; all_apply(2 * k, laz[k]), all_apply(2 * k + 1, laz[k]); laz[k] = MA::unit(); } void all_apply(int k, A a) { laz[k] = MA::op(laz[k], a); } }; #line 3 "/home/maspy/compro/library/graph/ds/dual_tree_monoid.hpp" template struct Dual_Tree_Monoid { using MX = Monoid; using X = typename MX::value_type; TREE &tree; int N; Dual_SegTree seg; Dual_Tree_Monoid(TREE &tree) : tree(tree), N(tree.N), seg(tree.N) {} X get(int i) { int v = i; if (edge) { auto &&e = tree.G.edges[i]; v = (tree.parent[e.frm] == e.to ? e.frm : e.to); } return seg.get(tree.LID[v]); } vc get_all() { vc tmp = seg.get_all(); vc res; FOR(i, N) { if (edge && i == N - 1) break; int v = i; if (edge) { auto &&e = tree.G.edges[i]; v = (tree.parent[e.frm] == e.to ? e.frm : e.to); } res.eb(tmp[tree.LID[v]]); } return res; } void apply_path(int u, int v, X x) { auto pd = tree.get_path_decomposition(u, v, edge); for (auto &&[a, b]: pd) { (a <= b ? seg.apply(a, b + 1, x) : seg.apply(b, a + 1, x)); } return; } void apply_subtree(int u, X x) { int l = tree.LID[u], r = tree.RID[u]; return seg.apply(l + edge, r, x); } }; #line 3 "/home/maspy/compro/library/graph/shortest_path/bfs01.hpp" template pair, vc> bfs01(GT& G, int v) { assert(G.is_prepared()); int N = G.N; vc dist(N, infty); vc par(N, -1); deque que; dist[v] = 0; que.push_front(v); while (!que.empty()) { auto v = que.front(); que.pop_front(); for (auto&& e: G[v]) { if (dist[e.to] == infty || dist[e.to] > dist[e.frm] + e.cost) { dist[e.to] = dist[e.frm] + e.cost; par[e.to] = e.frm; if (e.cost == 0) que.push_front(e.to); else que.push_back(e.to); } } } return {dist, par}; } // 多点スタート。[dist, par, root] template tuple, vc, vc> bfs01(GT& G, vc vs) { assert(G.is_prepared()); int N = G.N; vc dist(N, infty); vc par(N, -1); vc root(N, -1); deque que; for (auto&& v: vs) { dist[v] = 0; root[v] = v; que.push_front(v); } while (!que.empty()) { auto v = que.front(); que.pop_front(); for (auto&& e: G[v]) { if (dist[e.to] == infty || dist[e.to] > dist[e.frm] + e.cost) { dist[e.to] = dist[e.frm] + e.cost; root[e.to] = root[e.frm]; par[e.to] = e.frm; if (e.cost == 0) que.push_front(e.to); else que.push_back(e.to); } } } return {dist, par, root}; } #line 3 "/home/maspy/compro/library/graph/centroid_decomposition.hpp" template void centroid_decomposition_0_dfs(vc& par, vc& vs, F f) { const int N = len(par); assert(N >= 1); int c = -1; vc sz(N, 1); FOR_R(i, N) { if (sz[i] >= ceil(N, 2)) { c = i; break; } sz[par[i]] += sz[i]; } vc color(N); vc V = {c}; int nc = 1; FOR(v, 1, N) { if (par[v] == c) { V.eb(v), color[v] = nc++; } } if (c > 0) { for (int a = par[c]; a != -1; a = par[a]) { color[a] = nc, V.eb(a); } ++nc; } FOR(i, N) { if (i != c && color[i] == 0) color[i] = color[par[i]], V.eb(i); } vc indptr(nc + 1); FOR(i, N) indptr[1 + color[i]]++; FOR(i, nc) indptr[i + 1] += indptr[i]; vc counter = indptr; vc ord(N); for (auto& v: V) { ord[counter[color[v]]++] = v; } vc new_idx(N); FOR(i, N) new_idx[ord[i]] = i; vc name(N); FOR(i, N) name[new_idx[i]] = vs[i]; { vc tmp(N, -1); FOR(i, 1, N) { int a = new_idx[i], b = new_idx[par[i]]; if (a > b) swap(a, b); tmp[b] = a; } swap(par, tmp); } f(par, name, indptr); FOR(k, 1, nc) { int L = indptr[k], R = indptr[k + 1]; vc par1(R - L, -1); vc name1(R - L, -1); name1[0] = name[0]; FOR(i, L, R) name1[i - L] = name[i]; FOR(i, L, R) { par1[i - L] = max(par[i] - L, -1); } centroid_decomposition_0_dfs(par1, name1, f); } } /* https://maspypy.com/%e9%87%8d%e5%bf%83%e5%88%86%e8%a7%a3%e3%83%bb1-3%e9%87%8d%e5%bf%83%e5%88%86%e8%a7%a3%e3%81%ae%e3%81%8a%e7%b5%b5%e6%8f%8f%e3%81%8d 1/3 CD のみ扱う centroid_decomposition_1:長さ 2 以上のパス全体 */ template void centroid_decomposition_1_dfs(vc& par, vc vs, F f) { const int N = len(par); assert(N > 1); if (N == 2) { return; } int c = -1; vc sz(N, 1); FOR_R(i, N) { if (sz[i] >= ceil(N, 2)) { c = i; break; } sz[par[i]] += sz[i]; } vc color(N, -1); int take = 0; vc ord(N, -1); ord[c] = 0; int p = 1; FOR(v, 1, N) { if (par[v] == c && take + sz[v] <= floor(N - 1, 2)) { color[v] = 0, ord[v] = p++, take += sz[v]; } } FOR(i, 1, N) { if (color[par[i]] == 0) color[i] = 0, ord[i] = p++; } int n0 = p - 1; for (int a = par[c]; a != -1; a = par[a]) { color[a] = 1, ord[a] = p++; } FOR(i, N) { if (i != c && color[i] == -1) color[i] = 1, ord[i] = p++; } assert(p == N); int n1 = N - 1 - n0; vc par0(n0 + 1, -1), par1(n1 + 1, -1), par2(N, -1); vc V0(n0 + 1), V1(n1 + 1), V2(N); FOR(v, N) { int i = ord[v]; V2[i] = vs[v]; if (color[v] != 1) { V0[i] = vs[v]; } if (color[v] != 0) { V1[max(i - n0, 0)] = vs[v]; } } FOR(v, 1, N) { int a = ord[v], b = ord[par[v]]; if (a > b) swap(a, b); par2[b] = a; if (color[v] != 1 && color[par[v]] != 1) par0[b] = a; if (color[v] != 0 && color[par[v]] != 0) par1[max(b - n0, 0)] = max(a - n0, 0); } f(par2, V2, n0, n1); centroid_decomposition_1_dfs(par0, V0, f); centroid_decomposition_1_dfs(par1, V1, f); } /* https://maspypy.com/%e9%87%8d%e5%bf%83%e5%88%86%e8%a7%a3%e3%83%bb1-3%e9%87%8d%e5%bf%83%e5%88%86%e8%a7%a3%e3%81%ae%e3%81%8a%e7%b5%b5%e6%8f%8f%e3%81%8d 1/3 CD のみ扱う centroid_decomposition_1:長さ 2 以上のパス全体 */ template void centroid_decomposition_2_dfs(vc& par, vc& vs, vc& real, F f) { const int N = len(par); assert(N > 1); if (N == 2) { if (real[0] && real[1]) { vc color = {0, 1}; f(par, vs, color); } return; } int c = -1; vc sz(N, 1); FOR_R(i, N) { if (sz[i] >= ceil(N, 2)) { c = i; break; } sz[par[i]] += sz[i]; } vc color(N, -1); int take = 0; vc ord(N, -1); ord[c] = 0; int p = 1; FOR(v, 1, N) { if (par[v] == c && take + sz[v] <= floor(N - 1, 2)) { color[v] = 0, ord[v] = p++, take += sz[v]; } } FOR(i, 1, N) { if (color[par[i]] == 0) color[i] = 0, ord[i] = p++; } int n0 = p - 1; for (int a = par[c]; a != -1; a = par[a]) { color[a] = 1, ord[a] = p++; } FOR(i, N) { if (i != c && color[i] == -1) color[i] = 1, ord[i] = p++; } assert(p == N); int n1 = N - 1 - n0; vc par0(n0 + 1, -1), par1(n1 + 1, -1), par2(N, -1); vc V0(n0 + 1), V1(n1 + 1), V2(N); vc rea0(n0 + 1), rea1(n1 + 1), rea2(N); FOR(v, N) { int i = ord[v]; V2[i] = vs[v], rea2[i] = real[v]; if (color[v] != 1) { V0[i] = vs[v], rea0[i] = real[v]; } if (color[v] != 0) { V1[max(i - n0, 0)] = vs[v], rea1[max(i - n0, 0)] = real[v]; } } FOR(v, 1, N) { int a = ord[v], b = ord[par[v]]; if (a > b) swap(a, b); par2[b] = a; if (color[v] != 1 && color[par[v]] != 1) par0[b] = a; if (color[v] != 0 && color[par[v]] != 0) par1[max(b - n0, 0)] = max(a - n0, 0); } if (real[c]) { color.assign(N, -1); color[0] = 0; FOR(i, 1, N) color[i] = rea2[i] ? 1 : -1; f(par2, V2, color); rea0[0] = rea1[0] = rea2[0] = 0; } color.assign(N, -1); FOR(i, 1, N) if (rea2[i]) color[i] = (i <= n0 ? 0 : 1); f(par2, V2, color); centroid_decomposition_2_dfs(par0, V0, rea0, f); centroid_decomposition_2_dfs(par1, V1, rea1, f); } // f(par, V, color) // V: label in original tree, dfs order // color in [-1,0,1], color=-1: virtual template void centroid_decomposition(GT& G, F f) { const int N = G.N; if (N == 1) return; vc V(N), par(N, -1); int l = 0, r = 0; V[r++] = 0; while (l < r) { int v = V[l++]; for (auto& e: G[v]) { if (e.to != par[v]) V[r++] = e.to, par[e.to] = v; } } assert(r == N); vc new_idx(N); FOR(i, N) new_idx[V[i]] = i; vc tmp(N, -1); FOR(i, 1, N) { int j = par[i]; tmp[new_idx[i]] = new_idx[j]; } swap(par, tmp); static_assert(MODE == 0 || MODE == 1 || MODE == 2); if constexpr (MODE == 0) { centroid_decomposition_0_dfs(par, V, f); } elif constexpr(MODE == 1) { centroid_decomposition_1_dfs(par, V, f); } else { vc real(N, 1); centroid_decomposition_2_dfs(par, V, real, f); } } #line 2 "/home/maspy/compro/library/alg/monoid/add.hpp" template struct Monoid_Add { using value_type = X; static constexpr X op(const X &x, const X &y) noexcept { return x + y; } static constexpr X inverse(const X &x) noexcept { return -x; } static constexpr X power(const X &x, ll n) noexcept { return X(n) * x; } static constexpr X unit() { return X(0); } static constexpr bool commute = true; }; #line 3 "/home/maspy/compro/library/ds/fenwicktree/fenwicktree.hpp" template struct FenwickTree { using G = Monoid; using E = typename G::value_type; int n; vector dat; E total; FenwickTree() {} FenwickTree(int n) { build(n); } template FenwickTree(int n, F f) { build(n, f); } FenwickTree(const vc& v) { build(v); } void build(int m) { n = m; dat.assign(m, G::unit()); total = G::unit(); } void build(const vc& v) { build(len(v), [&](int i) -> E { return v[i]; }); } template void build(int m, F f) { n = m; dat.clear(); dat.reserve(n); total = G::unit(); FOR(i, n) { dat.eb(f(i)); } for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { int j = i + (i & -i); if (j <= n) dat[j - 1] = G::op(dat[i - 1], dat[j - 1]); } total = prefix_sum(m); } E prod_all() { return total; } E sum_all() { return total; } E sum(int k) { return prefix_sum(k); } E prod(int k) { return prefix_prod(k); } E prefix_sum(int k) { return prefix_prod(k); } E prefix_prod(int k) { chmin(k, n); E ret = G::unit(); for (; k > 0; k -= k & -k) ret = G::op(ret, dat[k - 1]); return ret; } E sum(int L, int R) { return prod(L, R); } E prod(int L, int R) { chmax(L, 0), chmin(R, n); if (L == 0) return prefix_prod(R); assert(0 <= L && L <= R && R <= n); E pos = G::unit(), neg = G::unit(); while (L < R) { pos = G::op(pos, dat[R - 1]), R -= R & -R; } while (R < L) { neg = G::op(neg, dat[L - 1]), L -= L & -L; } return G::op(pos, G::inverse(neg)); } void add(int k, E x) { multiply(k, x); } void multiply(int k, E x) { static_assert(G::commute); total = G::op(total, x); for (++k; k <= n; k += k & -k) dat[k - 1] = G::op(dat[k - 1], x); } template int max_right(const F check) { assert(check(G::unit())); int i = 0; E s = G::unit(); int k = 1; while (2 * k <= n) k *= 2; while (k) { if (i + k - 1 < len(dat)) { E t = G::op(s, dat[i + k - 1]); if (check(t)) { i += k, s = t; } } k >>= 1; } return i; } // check(i, x) template int max_right_with_index(const F check) { assert(check(0, G::unit())); int i = 0; E s = G::unit(); int k = 1; while (2 * k <= n) k *= 2; while (k) { if (i + k - 1 < len(dat)) { E t = G::op(s, dat[i + k - 1]); if (check(i + k, t)) { i += k, s = t; } } k >>= 1; } return i; } int kth(E k) { return max_right([&k](E x) -> bool { return x <= k; }); } }; #line 2 "/home/maspy/compro/library/ds/offline_query/rectangle_add_point_sum.hpp" template struct Rectangle_Add_Point_Sum { using G = typename AbelGroup::value_type; vector> rect; vector> point; Rectangle_Add_Point_Sum() {} void add_query(XY x1, XY x2, XY y1, XY y2, G g) { rect.eb(y1, x1, x2, g), rect.eb(y2, x2, x1, g); } void sum_query(XY x, XY y) { point.eb(len(point), x, y); } vector calc() { int N = rect.size(), Q = point.size(); if (N == 0 || Q == 0) return vector(Q, AbelGroup::unit()); // X 方向の座圧 int NX = 0; if (!SMALL_X) { sort(all(point), [&](auto &x, auto &y) -> bool { return get<1>(x) < get<1>(y); }); vc keyX; keyX.reserve(Q); for (auto &&[i, a, b]: point) { if (len(keyX) == 0 || keyX.back() != a) { keyX.eb(a); } a = len(keyX) - 1; } for (auto &&[y, x1, x2, g]: rect) x1 = LB(keyX, x1), x2 = LB(keyX, x2); NX = len(keyX); } if (SMALL_X) { XY mx = infty; for (auto &&[i, x, y]: point) chmin(mx, x); for (auto &&[i, x, y]: point) x -= mx, chmax(NX, x + 1); for (auto &&[y, x1, x2, g]: rect) { x1 -= mx, x2 -= mx; x1 = max(0, min(x1, NX)), x2 = max(0, min(x2, NX)); } } sort(all(point), [&](auto &x, auto &y) -> bool { return get<2>(x) < get<2>(y); }); sort(all(rect), [&](auto &x, auto &y) -> bool { return get<0>(x) < get<0>(y); }); FenwickTree bit(NX); vc res(Q, AbelGroup::unit()); int j = 0; FOR(i, Q) { auto [q, x, y] = point[i]; while (j < N && get<0>(rect[j]) <= y) { auto [yy, x1, x2, g] = rect[j++]; bit.add(x1, g), bit.add(x2, AbelGroup::inverse(g)); } res[q] = bit.sum(x + 1); } return res; } }; #line 2 "/home/maspy/compro/library/alg/monoid/add_pair.hpp" template struct Monoid_Add_Pair { using value_type = pair; using X = value_type; static constexpr X op(const X &x, const X &y) { return {x.fi + y.fi, x.se + y.se}; } static constexpr X inverse(const X &x) { return {-x.fi, -x.se}; } static constexpr X unit() { return {0, 0}; } static constexpr bool commute = true; }; #line 8 "main.cpp" void solve() { INT(N); Graph G(N); G.read_tree(); Tree tree(G); vc D(N); FOR(i, 1, N) D[i] = tree.dist(i - 1, i); ll base = SUM(D); vi ANS(N, base); /* i -> i+1, 距離 d[i+1] やること i+1 からの距離が e かつ番号が i 以下の点に対して max(0, d - 1 - e) を引くことができる rectangle add rectangle sum */ FOR(i, 1, N) { for (auto& e: G[i]) { if (e.to < i) { ANS[e.to] -= max(0, D[i] - 1 - 1); } } } auto f = [&](vc& par, vc& V, int n1, int n2) -> void { int n = 1 + n1 + n2; vc dep(n); FOR(i, 1, n) dep[i] += dep[par[i]] + 1; auto F = [&](int L1, int R1, int L2, int R2) -> void { // dep range, index range Rectangle_Add_Point_Sum, int, true> X; FOR(i, L1, R1) { int v = V[i]; if (v == 0) continue; int d = D[v]; if (d <= 2) continue; // 距離が d-2 以下 int d1 = 1, d2 = d - 2 - dep[i]; if (d1 > d2) continue; // 足すもの:(d - 1 - dep[i]) - x X.add_query(d1, d2 + 1, 0, v, {d - 1 - dep[i], -1}); } FOR(i, L2, R2) { X.sum_query(dep[i], V[i]); } auto res = X.calc(); FOR(i, L2, R2) { auto [a, b] = res[i - L2]; ANS[V[i]] -= a + b * dep[i]; } }; F(1, 1 + n1, 1 + n1, 1 + n1 + n2); F(1 + n1, 1 + n1 + n2, 1, 1 + n1); }; centroid_decomposition<1, decltype(G)>(G, f); for (auto& x: ANS) print(x); } signed main() { int T = 1; // INT(T); FOR(T) solve(); return 0; }