import sys

# sys.setrecursionlimit(200005)
# sys.set_int_max_str_digits(200005)
int1 = lambda x: int(x)-1
pDB = lambda *x: print(*x, end="\n", file=sys.stderr)
p2D = lambda x: print(*x, sep="\n", end="\n\n", file=sys.stderr)
def II(): return int(sys.stdin.readline())
def LI(): return list(map(int, sys.stdin.readline().split()))
def LLI(rows_number): return [LI() for _ in range(rows_number)]
def LI1(): return list(map(int1, sys.stdin.readline().split()))
def LLI1(rows_number): return [LI1() for _ in range(rows_number)]
def SI(): return sys.stdin.readline().rstrip()

dij = [(0, 1), (-1, 0), (0, -1), (1, 0)]
# dij = [(0, 1), (-1, 0), (0, -1), (1, 0), (1, 1), (1, -1), (-1, 1), (-1, -1)]
# inf = -1-(-1 << 31)
inf = -1-(-1 << 62)

# md = 10**9+7
md = 998244353

class UnionFind:
    def __init__(self, n):
        self.table = [-1]*n
        self.mem = [[u] for u in range(n)]
        self.cnt = n

    def root(self, u):
        stack = []
        while self.table[u] >= 0:
            stack.append(u)
            u = self.table[u]
        for v in stack: self.table[v] = u
        return u

    def same(self, u, v):
        return self.root(u) == self.root(v)

    def merge(self, u, v):
        u = self.root(u)
        v = self.root(v)
        if u == v: return False
        su = -self.table[u]
        sv = -self.table[v]
        if su < sv: u, v = v, u
        self.table[u] = -su-sv
        self.table[v] = u
        self.mem[u] += self.mem[v]
        self.mem[v].clear()
        self.cnt -= 1
        return True

    def member(self,u):
        return self.mem[self.root(u)]

    # グループの要素数
    def size(self, u):
        return -self.table[self.root(u)]

n,m=LI()
uf=UnionFind(n)
deg=[0]*n
for _ in range(m):
    u,v=LI1()
    deg[u]-=1
    deg[v]+=1
    uf.merge(u,v)

s=sum(d for d in deg if d>0)
# print(uf.mem)
if uf.cnt>1:
    for uu in uf.mem:
        if len(uu)<2:continue
        if sum(abs(deg[u]) for u in uu)==0:s+=1

print(max(0,s-1))