#include using namespace std; typedef long long ll; typedef pair pll; typedef pair pii; typedef pair pdd; typedef vector vi; typedef vector vll; typedef vector vd; typedef vector vs; typedef vector vvi; typedef vector vvvi; typedef vector vvll; typedef vector vvvll; typedef vector vpii; typedef vector vvpii; typedef vector vpll; typedef vector vvpll; typedef vector vpdd; typedef vector vvd; #define yn(ans) printf("%s\n", (ans)?"Yes":"No"); #define YN(ans) printf("%s\n", (ans)?"YES":"NO"); template bool chmax(T &a, T b) { if (a >= b) return false; a = b; return true; } template bool chmin(T &a, T b) { if (a <= b) return false; a = b; return true; } #define FOR(i, s, e, t) for ((i) = (s); (i) < (e); (i) += (t)) #define REP(i, e) for (int i = 0; i < (e); ++i) #define REP1(i, s, e) for (int i = (s); i < (e); ++i) #define RREP(i, e) for (int i = (e); i >= 0; --i) #define RREP1(i, e, s) for (int i = (e); i >= (s); --i) #define all(v) v.begin(), v.end() #define pb push_back #define qb pop_back #define pf push_front #define qf pop_front #define maxe max_element #define mine min_element ll inf = 1e18; #define DEBUG printf("%d\n", __LINE__); fflush(stdout); template void print(vector &v, bool withSize = false) { if (withSize) cout << v.size() << endl; REP(i, v.size()) cout << v[i] << " "; cout << endl; } mt19937_64 rng((unsigned int) chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count()); int __FAST_IO__ = []() { std::ios::sync_with_stdio(0); std::cin.tie(0); std::cout.tie(0); return 0; }(); namespace atcoder { namespace internal { #ifndef _MSC_VER template using is_signed_int128 = typename std::conditional::value || std::is_same::value, std::true_type, std::false_type>::type; template using is_unsigned_int128 = typename std::conditional::value || std::is_same::value, std::true_type, std::false_type>::type; template using make_unsigned_int128 = typename std::conditional::value, __uint128_t, unsigned __int128>; template using is_integral = typename std::conditional::value || is_signed_int128::value || is_unsigned_int128::value, std::true_type, std::false_type>::type; template using is_signed_int = typename std::conditional<(is_integral::value && std::is_signed::value) || is_signed_int128::value, std::true_type, std::false_type>::type; template using is_unsigned_int = typename std::conditional<(is_integral::value && std::is_unsigned::value) || is_unsigned_int128::value, std::true_type, std::false_type>::type; template using to_unsigned = typename std::conditional< is_signed_int128::value, make_unsigned_int128, typename std::conditional::value, std::make_unsigned, std::common_type>::type>::type; #else template using is_integral = typename std::is_integral; template using is_signed_int = typename std::conditional::value && std::is_signed::value, std::true_type, std::false_type>::type; template using is_unsigned_int = typename std::conditional::value && std::is_unsigned::value, std::true_type, std::false_type>::type; template using to_unsigned = typename std::conditional::value, std::make_unsigned, std::common_type>::type; #endif template using is_signed_int_t = std::enable_if_t::value>; template using is_unsigned_int_t = std::enable_if_t::value>; template using to_unsigned_t = typename to_unsigned::type; } // namespace internal } // namespace atcoder namespace atcoder { namespace internal { // @param m `1 <= m` // @return x mod m constexpr long long safe_mod(long long x, long long m) { x %= m; if (x < 0) x += m; return x; } // Fast modular multiplication by barrett reduction // Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrett_reduction // NOTE: reconsider after Ice Lake struct barrett { unsigned int _m; unsigned long long im; // @param m `1 <= m` explicit barrett(unsigned int m) : _m(m), im((unsigned long long)(-1) / m + 1) {} // @return m unsigned int umod() const { return _m; } // @param a `0 <= a < m` // @param b `0 <= b < m` // @return `a * b % m` unsigned int mul(unsigned int a, unsigned int b) const { // [1] m = 1 // a = b = im = 0, so okay // [2] m >= 2 // im = ceil(2^64 / m) // -> im * m = 2^64 + r (0 <= r < m) // let z = a*b = c*m + d (0 <= c, d < m) // a*b * im = (c*m + d) * im = c*(im*m) + d*im = c*2^64 + c*r + d*im // c*r + d*im < m * m + m * im < m * m + 2^64 + m <= 2^64 + m * (m + 1) < 2^64 * 2 // ((ab * im) >> 64) == c or c + 1 unsigned long long z = a; z *= b; #ifdef _MSC_VER unsigned long long x; _umul128(z, im, &x); #else unsigned long long x = (unsigned long long)(((unsigned __int128)(z)*im) >> 64); #endif unsigned long long y = x * _m; return (unsigned int)(z - y + (z < y ? _m : 0)); } }; // @param n `0 <= n` // @param m `1 <= m` // @return `(x ** n) % m` constexpr long long pow_mod_constexpr(long long x, long long n, int m) { if (m == 1) return 0; unsigned int _m = (unsigned int)(m); unsigned long long r = 1; unsigned long long y = safe_mod(x, m); while (n) { if (n & 1) r = (r * y) % _m; y = (y * y) % _m; n >>= 1; } return r; } // Reference: // M. Forisek and J. Jancina, // Fast Primality Testing for Integers That Fit into a Machine Word // @param n `0 <= n` constexpr bool is_prime_constexpr(int n) { if (n <= 1) return false; if (n == 2 || n == 7 || n == 61) return true; if (n % 2 == 0) return false; long long d = n - 1; while (d % 2 == 0) d /= 2; constexpr long long bases[3] = {2, 7, 61}; for (long long a : bases) { long long t = d; long long y = pow_mod_constexpr(a, t, n); while (t != n - 1 && y != 1 && y != n - 1) { y = y * y % n; t <<= 1; } if (y != n - 1 && t % 2 == 0) { return false; } } return true; } template constexpr bool is_prime = is_prime_constexpr(n); // @param b `1 <= b` // @return pair(g, x) s.t. g = gcd(a, b), xa = g (mod b), 0 <= x < b/g constexpr std::pair inv_gcd(long long a, long long b) { a = safe_mod(a, b); if (a == 0) return {b, 0}; // Contracts: // [1] s - m0 * a = 0 (mod b) // [2] t - m1 * a = 0 (mod b) // [3] s * |m1| + t * |m0| <= b long long s = b, t = a; long long m0 = 0, m1 = 1; while (t) { long long u = s / t; s -= t * u; m0 -= m1 * u; // |m1 * u| <= |m1| * s <= b // [3]: // (s - t * u) * |m1| + t * |m0 - m1 * u| // <= s * |m1| - t * u * |m1| + t * (|m0| + |m1| * u) // = s * |m1| + t * |m0| <= b auto tmp = s; s = t; t = tmp; tmp = m0; m0 = m1; m1 = tmp; } // by [3]: |m0| <= b/g // by g != b: |m0| < b/g if (m0 < 0) m0 += b / s; return {s, m0}; } // Compile time primitive root // @param m must be prime // @return primitive root (and minimum in now) constexpr int primitive_root_constexpr(int m) { if (m == 2) return 1; if (m == 167772161) return 3; if (m == 469762049) return 3; if (m == 754974721) return 11; if (m == 998244353) return 3; int divs[20] = {}; divs[0] = 2; int cnt = 1; int x = (m - 1) / 2; while (x % 2 == 0) x /= 2; for (int i = 3; (long long)(i)*i <= x; i += 2) { if (x % i == 0) { divs[cnt++] = i; while (x % i == 0) { x /= i; } } } if (x > 1) { divs[cnt++] = x; } for (int g = 2;; g++) { bool ok = true; for (int i = 0; i < cnt; i++) { if (pow_mod_constexpr(g, (m - 1) / divs[i], m) == 1) { ok = false; break; } } if (ok) return g; } } template constexpr int primitive_root = primitive_root_constexpr(m); // @param n `n < 2^32` // @param m `1 <= m < 2^32` // @return sum_{i=0}^{n-1} floor((ai + b) / m) (mod 2^64) unsigned long long floor_sum_unsigned(unsigned long long n, unsigned long long m, unsigned long long a, unsigned long long b) { unsigned long long ans = 0; while (true) { if (a >= m) { ans += n * (n - 1) / 2 * (a / m); a %= m; } if (b >= m) { ans += n * (b / m); b %= m; } unsigned long long y_max = a * n + b; if (y_max < m) break; // y_max < m * (n + 1) // floor(y_max / m) <= n n = (unsigned long long)(y_max / m); b = (unsigned long long)(y_max % m); std::swap(m, a); } return ans; } } // namespace internal } // namespace atcoder namespace atcoder { namespace internal { struct modint_base {}; struct static_modint_base : modint_base {}; template using is_modint = std::is_base_of; template using is_modint_t = std::enable_if_t::value>; } // namespace internal template * = nullptr> struct static_modint : internal::static_modint_base { using mint = static_modint; public: static constexpr int mod() { return m; } static mint raw(int v) { mint x; x._v = v; return x; } static_modint() : _v(0) {} template * = nullptr> static_modint(T v) { long long x = (long long)(v % (long long)(umod())); if (x < 0) x += umod(); _v = (unsigned int)(x); } template * = nullptr> static_modint(T v) { _v = (unsigned int)(v % umod()); } unsigned int val() const { return _v; } mint& operator++() { _v++; if (_v == umod()) _v = 0; return *this; } mint& operator--() { if (_v == 0) _v = umod(); _v--; return *this; } mint operator++(int) { mint result = *this; ++*this; return result; } mint operator--(int) { mint result = *this; --*this; return result; } mint& operator+=(const mint& rhs) { _v += rhs._v; if (_v >= umod()) _v -= umod(); return *this; } mint& operator-=(const mint& rhs) { _v -= rhs._v; if (_v >= umod()) _v += umod(); return *this; } mint& operator*=(const mint& rhs) { unsigned long long z = _v; z *= rhs._v; _v = (unsigned int)(z % umod()); return *this; } mint& operator/=(const mint& rhs) { return *this = *this * rhs.inv(); } mint operator+() const { return *this; } mint operator-() const { return mint() - *this; } mint pow(long long n) const { assert(0 <= n); mint x = *this, r = 1; while (n) { if (n & 1) r *= x; x *= x; n >>= 1; } return r; } mint inv() const { if (prime) { assert(_v); return pow(umod() - 2); } else { auto eg = internal::inv_gcd(_v, m); assert(eg.first == 1); return eg.second; } } friend mint operator+(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) += rhs; } friend mint operator-(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) -= rhs; } friend mint operator*(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) *= rhs; } friend mint operator/(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) /= rhs; } friend bool operator==(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return lhs._v == rhs._v; } friend bool operator!=(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return lhs._v != rhs._v; } private: unsigned int _v; static constexpr unsigned int umod() { return m; } static constexpr bool prime = internal::is_prime; }; template struct dynamic_modint : internal::modint_base { using mint = dynamic_modint; public: static int mod() { return (int)(bt.umod()); } static void set_mod(int m) { assert(1 <= m); bt = internal::barrett(m); } static mint raw(int v) { mint x; x._v = v; return x; } dynamic_modint() : _v(0) {} template * = nullptr> dynamic_modint(T v) { long long x = (long long)(v % (long long)(mod())); if (x < 0) x += mod(); _v = (unsigned int)(x); } template * = nullptr> dynamic_modint(T v) { _v = (unsigned int)(v % mod()); } unsigned int val() const { return _v; } mint& operator++() { _v++; if (_v == umod()) _v = 0; return *this; } mint& operator--() { if (_v == 0) _v = umod(); _v--; return *this; } mint operator++(int) { mint result = *this; ++*this; return result; } mint operator--(int) { mint result = *this; --*this; return result; } mint& operator+=(const mint& rhs) { _v += rhs._v; if (_v >= umod()) _v -= umod(); return *this; } mint& operator-=(const mint& rhs) { _v += mod() - rhs._v; if (_v >= umod()) _v -= umod(); return *this; } mint& operator*=(const mint& rhs) { _v = bt.mul(_v, rhs._v); return *this; } mint& operator/=(const mint& rhs) { return *this = *this * rhs.inv(); } mint operator+() const { return *this; } mint operator-() const { return mint() - *this; } mint pow(long long n) const { assert(0 <= n); mint x = *this, r = 1; while (n) { if (n & 1) r *= x; x *= x; n >>= 1; } return r; } mint inv() const { auto eg = internal::inv_gcd(_v, mod()); assert(eg.first == 1); return eg.second; } friend mint operator+(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) += rhs; } friend mint operator-(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) -= rhs; } friend mint operator*(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) *= rhs; } friend mint operator/(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return mint(lhs) /= rhs; } friend bool operator==(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return lhs._v == rhs._v; } friend bool operator!=(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) { return lhs._v != rhs._v; } private: unsigned int _v; static internal::barrett bt; static unsigned int umod() { return bt.umod(); } }; template internal::barrett dynamic_modint::bt(998244353); using modint998244353 = static_modint<998244353>; using modint1000000007 = static_modint<1000000007>; using modint = dynamic_modint<-1>; namespace internal { template using is_static_modint = std::is_base_of; template using is_static_modint_t = std::enable_if_t::value>; template struct is_dynamic_modint : public std::false_type {}; template struct is_dynamic_modint> : public std::true_type {}; template using is_dynamic_modint_t = std::enable_if_t::value>; } // namespace internal } // namespace atcoder using Mint = atcoder::modint998244353; using Mint2 = atcoder::modint1000000007; typedef vector vm; typedef vector vvm; typedef vector vvvm; vector fac, ifac; void initFac(int N) { fac.resize(N + 1); ifac.resize(N + 1); fac[0] = ifac[0] = 1; REP1(i, 1, N + 1) { fac[i] = fac[i - 1] * i; } ifac[N] = 1 / fac[N]; RREP1(i, N - 1, 1) { ifac[i] = (i + 1) * ifac[i + 1]; } } Mint C(int m, int n) { if (m < n || n < 0) return 0; return fac[m] * ifac[n] * ifac[m - n]; } Mint P(int m, int n) { if (m < n || n < 0) return 0; return fac[m] * ifac[m - n]; } vector> fastmulti(vector> &a, vector> &b) { vector> ans(a.size(), vector(b[0].size(), Mint(0))); REP(i, a.size()) { REP(j, a[0].size()) { REP(k, b[0].size()) { ans[i][k] += a[i][j] * b[j][k]; } } } return ans; } vector> pow(vector> &a, ll k) { vector> res(a.size(), vector(a.size(), 0)), y = a; REP(i, a.size()) res[i][i] = 1; while (k) { if (k & 1) res = fastmulti(y, res); y = fastmulti(y, y); k >>= 1; } return res; } template< typename Mint > struct NumberTheoreticTransformFriendlyModInt { vector< Mint > dw, idw; int max_base; Mint root; NumberTheoreticTransformFriendlyModInt() { const unsigned mod = Mint::mod(); assert(mod >= 3 && mod % 2 == 1); auto tmp = mod - 1; max_base = 0; while(tmp % 2 == 0) tmp >>= 1, max_base++; root = 2; while(root.pow((mod - 1) >> 1) == 1) root += 1; assert(root.pow(mod - 1) == 1); dw.resize(max_base); idw.resize(max_base); for(int i = 0; i < max_base; i++) { dw[i] = -root.pow((mod - 1) >> (i + 2)); idw[i] = Mint(1) / dw[i]; } } void ntt(vector< Mint > &a) { const int n = (int) a.size(); assert((n & (n - 1)) == 0); assert(__builtin_ctz(n) <= max_base); for(int m = n; m >>= 1;) { Mint w = 1; for(int s = 0, k = 0; s < n; s += 2 * m) { for(int i = s, j = s + m; i < s + m; ++i, ++j) { auto x = a[i], y = a[j] * w; a[i] = x + y, a[j] = x - y; } w *= dw[__builtin_ctz(++k)]; } } } void intt(vector< Mint > &a, bool f = true) { const int n = (int) a.size(); assert((n & (n - 1)) == 0); assert(__builtin_ctz(n) <= max_base); for(int m = 1; m < n; m *= 2) { Mint w = 1; for(int s = 0, k = 0; s < n; s += 2 * m) { for(int i = s, j = s + m; i < s + m; ++i, ++j) { auto x = a[i], y = a[j]; a[i] = x + y, a[j] = (x - y) * w; } w *= idw[__builtin_ctz(++k)]; } } if(f) { Mint inv_sz = Mint(1) / n; for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) a[i] *= inv_sz; } } vector< Mint > multiply(vector< Mint > a, vector< Mint > b) { int need = a.size() + b.size() - 1; int nbase = 1; while((1 << nbase) < need) nbase++; int sz = 1 << nbase; a.resize(sz, 0); b.resize(sz, 0); ntt(a); ntt(b); Mint inv_sz = Mint(1) / sz; for(int i = 0; i < sz; i++) a[i] *= b[i] * inv_sz; intt(a, false); a.resize(need); return a; } void sq(vector &a, vector &b, bool mult) { int need = a.size() + b.size() - 1; int nbase = 1; while((1 << nbase) < need) nbase++; int sz = 1 << nbase; b.resize(sz, 0); ntt(b); Mint inv_sz = Mint(1) / sz; if (mult) { a.resize(sz, 0); ntt(a); for(int i = 0; i < sz; i++) a[i] *= b[i] * inv_sz; intt(a, false); a.resize(need); } for (int i = 0; i < sz; i++) b[i] *= b[i] * inv_sz; intt(b, false); b.resize(need); } void pow(vector &a, vector &b, int p) { int len = a.size(); while (p) { sq(a, b, p & 1); a.resize(len); b.resize(len); p >>= 1; } } }; NumberTheoreticTransformFriendlyModInt ntt; #define TESTS int t; cin >> t; while (t--) #define TEST int main() { int N; string s; cin >> N >> s; vm dp = {1}; REP(i, N) { vm dp2(i + 2, 0); REP(j, dp.size()) { if (s[i] == '0') { dp2[j + 1] += (j + 1) * dp[j]; if (j + 2 < dp2.size()) { dp2[j + 2] -= (j + 1) * dp[j]; dp2[j + 2] += dp[j]; } } else { dp2[j] += dp[j] * (i + 1 - j); dp2[j + 1] -= dp[j] * (i + 1 - j); } } REP1(j, 1, dp2.size()) dp2[j] += dp2[j - 1]; swap(dp, dp2); // REP(j, dp.size()) printf("%d ", dp[j]); printf("\n"); } Mint ans = 0; REP(i, dp.size()) ans += dp[i]; printf("%d\n", ans.val()); return 0; }