#ifndef INCLUDE_MODE #define INCLUDE_MODE // #define REACTIVE // #define USE_GETLINE /* #define SUBMIT_ONLY */ #define DEBUG_OUTPUT #define SAMPLE_CHECK N #endif #ifdef INCLUDE_MAIN VO Solve() { CIN( int , N , Q ); // 一旦子と親を全て同じ配列に格納 vector> children( N + 1 ); FOR( i , 1 , N ){ CIN( int , Ai , Bi ); children[Ai].push_back( Bi ); children[Bi].push_back( Ai ); } // 子と親の決定 vector parent( N + 1 ); // 解説では各vに対するf(1,v)の表示の第1項の計算畤に各xに対するx-(xの親)を参照しており // x=1の時に未定義参照となるが、等式自体は(xの親)を好きな定数に置き換えても成り立つので // ここでは(1の親)を定数で置き換える。 // f(1,v)の表示の第3項を遅延平方分割から復元する際にv-(vの親)で割る必要があるので // (1の親)を置き換える定数は1以外にする必要がある。 parent[1] = 0; vector> layer( N ); vector children_query( N ); children_query[0] = 1; int start_children_query = 0; int size_children_query = 1; int size_children_query_copy = size_children_query; int depth = 0; while( start_children_query < size_children_query ){ auto& layer_curr = layer[depth]; FOR( i , start_children_query , size_children_query ){ layer_curr.push_back( children_query[i] ); auto& children_i = children[children_query[i]]; RUN( children_i , j ){ parent[j] = children_query[i]; auto& children_ij = children[j]; FOR_ITR( children_ij ){ if( children_query[i] == *itr_children_ij ){ children_ij.erase( itr_children_ij ); break; } } children_query[size_children_query_copy++] = j; } } depth++; start_children_query = size_children_query; size_children_query = size_children_query_copy; } // HL分解のための重さ計算 vector weight( N + 1 ); FOREQINV( d , depth - 1 , 0 ){ auto& layer_curr = layer[d]; RUN( layer_curr , i ){ auto& children_curr = children[i]; weight[i] = 1; RUN( children_curr , j ){ weight[i] += weight[j]; } } } // HL分解のためのheight計算 FOREQ( i , 1 , N ){ auto& children_i = children[i]; int weight_max = -1; int children_H_i = -1; RUN( children_i , j_curr ){ if( weight_max < weight[j_curr] ){ weight_max = weight[j_curr]; children_H_i = j_curr; } } FOR_ITR( children_i ){ if( children_H_i == *itr_children_i ){ children_i.erase( itr_children_i ); children_i.push_front( children_H_i ); break; } } } // HL分解 // 添え字は0始まり、根に小さい番号づけ。 // この向きでないとH側のpathが区間になるだけで部分木が1つの区間にならず区間族になることに注意。 vector HL( N ); vector HL_inv( N + 1 ); list root{ { 1 } }; list::iterator> children_itr_stack{} , children_end_stack{}; children_itr_stack.push_back( root.begin() ); children_end_stack.push_back( root.end() ); int length = 0; while( ! children_itr_stack.empty() ){ auto& itr_curr = children_itr_stack.back(); auto& end_curr = children_end_stack.back(); if( itr_curr == end_curr ){ children_itr_stack.pop_back(); children_end_stack.pop_back(); } else { int& i_curr = *itr_curr; HL_inv[i_curr] = length; HL[length++] = i_curr; auto& children_curr = children[i_curr]; children_itr_stack.push_back( children_curr.begin() ); children_end_stack.push_back( children_curr.end() ); // listでないと上のpush_backでitr_currが無効なイテレータになりえる。 itr_curr++; } } // 1からのパスのなすHL上の半開区間[first,second)の計算(ここが各ノードでlogオーダーになることがHL分解特有の事情) using Interval = pair; vector> path( N ); path[0] = vector( { Interval( 0 , 1 ) } ); FOR( d , 1 , depth ){ auto& layer_curr = layer[d]; RUN( layer_curr , i ){ auto& path_i = path[HL_inv[i]]; path_i = path[HL_inv[parent[i]]]; if( children[parent[i]].front() == i ){ path_i.back().second = HL_inv[i] + 1; } else { path_i.push_back( Interval( HL_inv[i] , HL_inv[i] + 1 ) ); } } } // ノードの子孫のなすHL上の半開区間[first,second)の計算 vector descendant( N ); FOREQINV( d , depth - 1 , 0 ){ auto& layer_curr = layer[d]; RUN( layer_curr , i ){ auto& children_curr = children[i]; descendant[HL_inv[i]] = Interval( HL_inv[i] , children_curr.empty() ? HL_inv[i] + 1 : descendant[HL_inv[children_curr.back()]].second ); } } // 解説における(x-(xの親),(x-(xの親))c(1,x),(x-(xの親))c(1,x)^2)の管理 using S1 = T3; using F1 = int; // vが(A,Ax,Ax^2)の形のベクトルの時にfvが(A,A(x+f),A(x+f)^2)=(A,Ax+fA,Ax^2+2fAx+f^2A)となるようなモノイド作用 auto act1 = [&]( const F1& f , S1 v ){ auto& [first,second,third] = v; third += ( f << 1 ) * second + ( f * f ) * first; second += f * first; return move( v ); }; AdditiveMonoid mag1{}; AbstractModule mod1{ F1{} , act1 , AdditiveMonoid{} }; vector v1_prep( N ); FOR( i , 0 , N ){ v1_prep[i] = { HL[i] - parent[HL[i]] , 0 , 0 }; } LazySqrtDecomposition v1{ mag1 , mod1 , move( v1_prep ) }; // 解説における(x-(xの親),(x-(xの親))c(1,x),(x-(xの親))(|S|-c(1,x)),(x-(xの親))c(1,x)(|S|-c(1,x)))の管理 using S2 = T4; using F2 = pair; // vが(A,Ax,Ay,Axy)の形のベクトルの時に(f_1,f_2)vが(A,A(x+f_1),A(y+f_2),A(x+f_1)(y+f_2))=(A,Ax+f_1A,Ay+f_2A,Axy+f_1Ay+f_2Ax+f_1f_2A)となるようなモノイド作用 auto act2 = [&]( const F2& f , S2 v ){ auto& [first,second,third,fourth] = v; fourth += f.first * third + f.second * second + ( f.first * f.second ) * first; third += f.second * first; second += f.first * first; return move( v ); }; auto scalar2 = [&]( S2 v , const int& n ){ return move( v *= n ); }; AdditiveMonoid mag2{}; AbstractBiModule mod2{ F2{} , int{} , act2 , scalar2 , AdditiveMonoid() }; vector v2_prep( N ); FOR( i , 0 , N ){ v2_prep[i] = { HL[i] - parent[HL[i]] , 0 , 0 , 0 }; } LazySqrtDecomposition v2{ mag2 , mod2 , move( v2_prep ) }; // Xの総和を計算するための(x in S ? x : 0)の管理 SqrtDecomposition v3{ vector( N ) }; // 解説におけるf(1,v)の計算 auto f1v = [&]( const int& v ){ auto& descendant_v = descendant[HL_inv[v]]; ll answer = get<2>( v1.IntervalProduct( descendant_v.first , descendant_v.second - 1 ) ); // 解説におけるXの総和は(Ri,Vi)を(1,v)に置き換えてXを定義し直した時の値であることに注意。 // 特に(Ri,Vi)=(v,v)!=(1,1)の時のf(v,v)(v!=1)の計算で呼び出されるf(1,1)の計算で参照されるXは問題文中で定義された集合とは別物であり(Ri,Vi)=(1,1)に置き換えて定義し直したものとなる。 answer -= v3.IntervalSum( descendant_v.first , descendant_v.second - 1 ); answer += get<2>( v1[HL_inv[v]] ) / ( v - parent[v] ) * parent[v]; answer >>= 1; return answer; }; // 解説におけるf(v,v)の計算 auto fvv = [&]( const int& v ){ ll answer = f1v( 1 ); RUN( path[HL_inv[v]] , [first,second] ){ // |S|-c(root,root) = 0であるので本来不要なrootの寄与は自動的に消える answer += get<3>( v2.IntervalProduct( first , second - 1 ) ); } return answer; }; vector S( N + 1 ); // クエリ処理 REPEAT( Q ){ CIN( int , Ui , Ri , Vi ); int sign; if( S[Ui] ){ sign = -1; S[Ui] = false; } else { sign = 1; S[Ui] = true; } v3.Add( HL_inv[Ui] , sign * Ui ); v2.IntervalAct( 0 , N - 1 , F2{ 0 , sign } ); auto& path_Ui = path[HL_inv[Ui]]; RUN( path_Ui , [first,second] ){ v1.IntervalAct( first , second - 1 , sign ); v2.IntervalAct( first , second - 1 , F2( sign , -sign ) ); } if( Ri == Vi ){ COUT( fvv( Vi ) ); } else { bool belong = false; auto& path_Ri = path[HL_inv[Ri]]; FOR_ITR( path_Ri ){ auto& [first,second] = *itr_path_Ri; if( first <= HL_inv[Vi] && HL_inv[Vi] < second ){ belong = true; int HL_inv_x; if( HL_inv[Vi] + 1 == second ){ itr_path_Ri++; HL_inv_x = itr_path_Ri->first; } else { HL_inv_x = HL_inv[Vi] + 1; } COUT( fvv( Vi ) - f1v( HL[HL_inv_x] ) - get<3>( v2[HL_inv_x] ) / ( HL[HL_inv_x] - Vi ) * Vi ); break; } } if( !belong ){ COUT( f1v( Vi ) ); } } } } REPEAT_MAIN(1); #else /* INCLUDE_MAIN */ #ifdef INCLUDE_SUB /* 圧縮時は中身だけ削除する。*/ IN VO Experiment() { } /* 圧縮時は中身だけ削除する。*/ IN VO SmallTest() { } /* 圧縮時は中身だけ削除する。*/ IN VO RandomTest( const int& test_case_num ) { } #define INCLUDE_MAIN #include __FILE__ #else /* INCLUDE_SUB */ #ifdef INCLUDE_LIBRARY /* VVV 常設でないライブラリは以下に挿入する。*/ #ifdef DEBUG #include "c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/SetTheory/DirectProduct/AffineSpace/SqrtDecomposition/a_Body.hpp" #else CL SqrtDecompositionCoordinate{PU:int m_N;int m_N_sqrt;int m_N_d;int m_N_m;IN SqrtDecompositionCoordinate(CRI N = 0);IN SqrtDecompositionCoordinate(CRI N,CRI N_sqrt);ST IN int Sqrt(CRI N)NE;}; IN SqrtDecompositionCoordinate::SqrtDecompositionCoordinate(CRI N):SqrtDecompositionCoordinate(N,Sqrt(N)){};IN SqrtDecompositionCoordinate::SqrtDecompositionCoordinate(CRI N,CRI N_sqrt):m_N(N),m_N_sqrt(N_sqrt),m_N_d((m_N + m_N_sqrt - 1)/ m_N_sqrt),m_N_m(m_N_d * m_N_sqrt){}IN int SqrtDecompositionCoordinate::Sqrt(CRI N)NE{if(N <= 1){RE 1;}int l = 0,r = N;WH(l + 1 < r){int m =(l + r)>> 1;(m <=(N - 1)/ m?l:r)= m;}RE r;} #define SFINAE_FOR_SD_S enable_if_t>* TE CL AbstractSqrtDecomposition:PU SqrtDecompositionCoordinate{PU:ABELIAN_GROUP m_M;VE m_a;VE m_b;TE IN AbstractSqrtDecomposition(ABELIAN_GROUP M,CRI N = 0,CO Args&... args);TE IN AbstractSqrtDecomposition(ABELIAN_GROUP M,VE a,CO Args&... args);TE IN VO Initialise(Args&&... args);IN VO Set(CRI i,CO U& u);IN VO Add(CRI i,CO U& u);IN CO U& OP[](CRI i)CO;IN CO U& Get(CRI i)CO;IN U IntervalSum(CRI i_start,CRI i_final);TE IN int Search(CRI i_start,CO F& f);IN int Search(CRI i_start,CO U& u);VO COruct();TE int Search_Body(CRI i_start,CO F& f,U sum_temp);};TE AbstractSqrtDecomposition(ABELIAN_GROUP M,Args&&...args)-> AbstractSqrtDecomposition,ABELIAN_GROUP>;TE CL SqrtDecomposition:PU AbstractSqrtDecomposition>{PU:TE IN SqrtDecomposition(Args&&... args);};TE SqrtDecomposition(VE a,Args&&...args)-> SqrtDecomposition; TE TE IN AbstractSqrtDecomposition::AbstractSqrtDecomposition(ABELIAN_GROUP M,CRI N,CO Args&... args):SqrtDecompositionCoordinate(N,args...),m_M(MO(M)),m_a(m_N_m,m_M.Zero()),m_b(m_N_d,m_M.Zero()){ST_AS(! is_same_v && is_same_v>);}TE TE IN AbstractSqrtDecomposition::AbstractSqrtDecomposition(ABELIAN_GROUP M,VE a,CO Args&... args):SqrtDecompositionCoordinate(a.SZ(),args...),m_M(MO(M)),m_a(MO(a)),m_b(m_N_d,m_M.Zero()){COruct();}TE TE IN SqrtDecomposition::SqrtDecomposition(Args&&... args):AbstractSqrtDecomposition>(AdditiveGroup(),forward(args)...){}TE IN VO AbstractSqrtDecomposition::COruct(){ST_AS(! is_same_v && is_same_v>);m_a.resize(m_N_m);int i_min = 0;int i_ulim = m_N_sqrt;for(int d = 0;d < m_N_d;d++){U& m_bd = m_b[d];for(int i = i_min;i < i_ulim;i++){m_bd = m_M.Sum(MO(m_bd),m_a[i]);}i_min = i_ulim;i_ulim += m_N_sqrt;}}TE TE IN VO AbstractSqrtDecomposition::Initialise(Args&&... args){AbstractSqrtDecomposition temp{m_M,forward(args)...};SqrtDecompositionCoordinate::OP=(temp);m_a = MO(temp.m_a);m_b = MO(temp.m_b);}TE IN VO AbstractSqrtDecomposition::Set(CRI i,CO U& u){U& m_ai = m_a[i];U& m_bd = m_b[i / m_N_sqrt];m_bd = m_M.Sum(MO(m_bd),m_M.Sum(m_M.Inverse(m_ai),u));m_ai = u;}TE IN VO AbstractSqrtDecomposition::Add(CRI i,CO U& u){U& m_ai = m_a[i];U& m_bd = m_b[i / m_N_sqrt];m_bd = m_M.Sum(MO(m_bd),u);m_ai = m_M.Sum(MO(m_ai),u);}TE IN CO U& AbstractSqrtDecomposition::OP[](CRI i)CO{AS(0 <= i && i < m_N);RE m_a[i];}TE IN CO U& AbstractSqrtDecomposition::Get(CRI i)CO{RE OP[](i);}TE IN U AbstractSqrtDecomposition::IntervalSum(CRI i_start,CRI i_final){CO int i_min = max(i_start,0);CO int i_ulim = min(i_final + 1,m_N);CO int d_0 =(i_min + m_N_sqrt - 1)/ m_N_sqrt;CO int d_1 = max(d_0,i_ulim / m_N_sqrt);CO int i_0 = min(d_0 * m_N_sqrt,i_ulim);CO int i_1 = max(i_0,d_1 * m_N_sqrt);U AN = m_M.Zero();for(int i = i_min;i < i_0;i++){AN = m_M.Sum(MO(AN),m_a[i]);}for(int d = d_0;d < d_1;d++){AN = m_M.Sum(MO(AN),m_b[d]);}for(int i = i_1;i < i_ulim;i++){AN = m_M.Sum(MO(AN),m_a[i]);}RE AN;}TE TE IN int AbstractSqrtDecomposition::Search(CRI i_start,CO F& f){RE Search_Body(i_start,f,m_M.Zero());}TE IN int AbstractSqrtDecomposition::Search(CRI i_start,CO U& u){RE Search(i_start,[&](CO U& sum,CRI){RE !(sum < u);});}TE TE int AbstractSqrtDecomposition::Search_Body(CRI i_start,CO F& f,U sum_temp){CO int i_min = max(i_start,0);CO int d_0 = i_min / m_N_sqrt + 1;CO int i_0 = min(d_0 * m_N_sqrt,m_N);for(int i = i_min;i < i_0;i++){sum_temp = m_M.Sum(MO(sum_temp),m_a[i]);if(f(sum_temp,i)){RE i;}}for(int d = d_0;d < m_N_d;d++){U sum_next = m_M.Sum(sum_temp,m_b[d]);if(f(sum_next,min((d + 1)* m_N_sqrt,m_N)- 1)){RE Search_Body(d * m_N_sqrt,f,sum_temp);}sum_temp = MO(sum_next);}RE -1;} #endif #ifdef DEBUG #include "c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/SetTheory/DirectProduct/AffineSpace/SqrtDecomposition/LazyEvaluation/a_Body.hpp" #else TE CL VirtualBiModule:VI PU UnderlyingSet{PU:VI U LAction(CO L& l,U u)= 0;VI U RAction(U u,CO R& r)= 0;IN U ScalarProduct(CO L& l,U u);IN U PW(U u,CO R& r);};TE CL AbstractBiModule:PU VirtualBiModule,PU GROUP{PU:O_U_L m_o_U_L;O_U_R m_o_U_R;IN AbstractBiModule(CO L& dummy_l,CO R& dummy_r,O_U_L o_U_L,O_U_R o_U_R,GROUP M);IN AbstractBiModule& OP=(CO AbstractBiModule&)NE;IN U LAction(CO L& l,U u);IN U RAction(U u,CO R& r);};TE AbstractBiModule(CO L& dummy_l,CO R& dummy_r,O_U_L o_U_L,O_U_R o_U_R,GROUP M)-> AbstractBiModule,O_U_L,O_U_R,GROUP>;TE CL BiModule:VI PU VirtualBiModule,PU AdditiveGroup{PU:IN U LAction(CO L& r,U u);IN U RAction(U u,CO R& r);}; TE IN AbstractBiModule::AbstractBiModule(CO L& dummy_l,CO R& dummy_r,O_U_L o_U_L,O_U_R o_U_R,GROUP M):GROUP(MO(M)),m_o_U_L(MO(o_U_L)),m_o_U_R(MO(o_U_R)){ST_AS(is_same_v> && is_invocable_r_v && is_invocable_r_v);}TE IN U AbstractBiModule::LAction(CO L& l,U u){RE m_o_U_L(l,MO(u));}TE IN U BiModule::LAction(CO L& l,U u){RE MO(u *= l);}TE IN U AbstractBiModule::RAction(U u,CO R& r){RE m_o_U_R(MO(u),r);}TE IN U BiModule::RAction(U u,CO R& r){RE MO(u *= r);}TE IN U VirtualBiModule::ScalarProduct(CO L& l,U u){RE LAction(l,MO(u));}TE IN U VirtualBiModule::PW(U u,CO R& r){RE RAction(MO(u),r);} TE CL LazySqrtDecomposition:PU SqrtDecompositionCoordinate{PU:PT_MAGMA m_L;RN_BIMODULE m_M;VE m_a;VE m_b;VE m_lazy_substitution;VE m_suspended;VE m_lazy_action;TE IN LazySqrtDecomposition(PT_MAGMA L,RN_BIMODULE M,CRI N = 0,CO Args&... args);TE IN LazySqrtDecomposition(PT_MAGMA L,RN_BIMODULE M,VE a,CO Args&... args);TE IN VO Initialise(Args&&... args);IN VO Set(CRI i,CO U& u);IN VO IntervalSet(CRI i_start,CRI i_final,CO U& u);IN VO IntervalAct(CRI i_start,CRI i_final,CO R& r);IN U OP[](CRI i);IN U Get(CRI i);IN U IntervalProduct(CRI i_start,CRI i_final);IN VO COruct();IN VO SetProduct(CRI i);IN VO SolveSuspendedSubstitution(CRI d,CO U& u);IN VO IntervalSet_Body(CRI i_min,CRI i_ulim,CO U& u);IN VO SolveSuspendedAction(CRI d);IN VO IntervalAct_Body(CRI i_min,CRI i_ulim,CO R& r);IN U IntervalProduct_Body(CRI i_min,CRI i_ulim);};TE LazySqrtDecomposition(PT_MAGMA L,RN_BIMODULE M,CO Args&... args)-> LazySqrtDecomposition,PT_MAGMA,inner_t,RN_BIMODULE>; TE TE IN LazySqrtDecomposition::LazySqrtDecomposition(PT_MAGMA L,RN_BIMODULE M,CRI N,CO Args&... args):SqrtDecompositionCoordinate(N,args...),m_L(MO(L)),m_M(MO(M)),m_a(N,m_M.One()),m_b(m_N_d,m_M.One()),m_lazy_substitution(m_b),m_suspended(m_N_d),m_lazy_action(m_N_d,m_L.Point()){COruct();}TE TE IN LazySqrtDecomposition::LazySqrtDecomposition(PT_MAGMA L,RN_BIMODULE M,VE a,CO Args&... args):SqrtDecompositionCoordinate(a.SZ(),args...),m_L(MO(L)),m_M(MO(M)),m_a(MO(a)),m_b(m_N_d,m_M.One()),m_lazy_substitution(m_b),m_suspended(m_N_d),m_lazy_action(m_N_d,m_L.Point()){COruct();}TE IN VO LazySqrtDecomposition::COruct(){ST_AS(is_same_v> && is_same_v>);m_a.resize(m_N_m,m_M.One());int i_min = 0;int i_ulim = m_N_sqrt;for(int d = 0;d < m_N_d;d++){U& m_bd = m_b[d];for(int i = i_min;i < i_ulim;i++){m_bd = m_M.Product(MO(m_bd),m_a[i]);}i_min = i_ulim;i_ulim += m_N_sqrt;}}TE TE IN VO LazySqrtDecomposition::Initialise(Args&&...args){LazySqrtDecomposition temp{m_L,m_M,forward(args)...};SqrtDecompositionCoordinate::OP=(temp);m_a = MO(temp.m_a);m_b = MO(temp.m_b);m_lazy_substitution = MO(temp.m_lazy_substitution);m_suspended = MO(temp.m_suspended);m_lazy_action = MO(temp.m_lazy_action);}TE IN VO LazySqrtDecomposition::Set(CRI i,CO U& u){CO int d = i / m_N_sqrt;CO int i_min = d * m_N_sqrt;CO int i_ulim = i_min + m_N_sqrt;U& m_ai = m_a[i];if(m_suspended[d]){U& m_lazy_substitution_d = m_lazy_substitution[d];if(m_lazy_substitution_d != u){SolveSuspendedSubstitution(d,m_lazy_substitution_d);m_ai = u;m_b[d]= m_M.Product(m_M.Product(m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution_d,i - i_min),u),m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution_d,i_ulim -(i + 1)));}}else{SolveSuspendedAction(d);if(m_ai != u){m_ai = u;SetProduct(d);}}RE;}TE IN VO LazySqrtDecomposition::IntervalSet(CRI i_start,CRI i_final,CO U& u){CO int i_min = max(i_start,0);CO int i_ulim = min(i_final + 1,m_N);CO int d_0 =(i_min + m_N_sqrt - 1)/ m_N_sqrt;CO int d_1 = max(d_0,i_ulim / m_N_sqrt);CO int d_0_N_sqrt = d_0 * m_N_sqrt;CO int d_1_N_sqrt = d_1 * m_N_sqrt;CO int i_0 = min(d_0_N_sqrt,i_ulim);CO int i_1 = max(i_0,d_1_N_sqrt);if(i_min < i_0){CO int d_0_minus = d_0 - 1;CO int d_0_N_sqrt_minus = d_0_N_sqrt - m_N_sqrt;U& m_bd = m_b[d_0_minus];VE::reference m_suspended_d = m_suspended[d_0_minus];if(m_suspended_d){U& m_lazy_substitution_d = m_lazy_substitution[d_0_minus];IntervalSet_Body(d_0_N_sqrt_minus,i_min,m_lazy_substitution_d);IntervalSet_Body(i_min,i_0,u);IntervalSet_Body(i_0,d_0_N_sqrt,m_lazy_substitution_d);m_suspended_d = false;m_bd = m_M.Product(m_M.Product(m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution_d,i_min - d_0_N_sqrt_minus),m_M.PW(u,i_0 - i_min)),m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution_d,d_0_N_sqrt - i_0));}else{SolveSuspendedAction(d_0_minus);IntervalSet_Body(i_min,i_0,u);m_bd = m_M.Product(m_M.Product(IntervalProduct_Body(d_0_N_sqrt_minus,i_min),m_M.PW(u,i_0 - i_min)),IntervalProduct_Body(i_0,d_0_N_sqrt));}}CO U PW = m_M.PW(u,m_N_sqrt);for(int d = d_0;d < d_1;d++){m_b[d]= PW;m_lazy_substitution[d]= u;m_suspended[d]= true;m_lazy_action[d]= m_L.Point();}if(i_1 < i_ulim){CO int d_1_N_sqrt_plus = d_1_N_sqrt + m_N_sqrt;U& m_bd = m_b[d_1];VE::reference m_suspended_d = m_suspended[d_1];if(m_suspended_d){CO U& m_lazy_substitution_d = m_lazy_substitution[d_1];IntervalSet_Body(d_1_N_sqrt,i_1,m_lazy_substitution_d);IntervalSet_Body(i_1,i_ulim,u);IntervalSet_Body(i_ulim,d_1_N_sqrt_plus,m_lazy_substitution_d);m_suspended_d = false;m_bd = m_M.Product(m_M.Product(m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution_d,i_1 - d_1_N_sqrt),m_M.PW(u,i_ulim - i_1)),m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution_d,d_1_N_sqrt_plus - i_ulim));}else{SolveSuspendedAction(d_1);IntervalSet_Body(i_1,i_ulim,u);m_bd = m_M.Product(m_M.Product(IntervalProduct_Body(d_1_N_sqrt,i_1),m_M.PW(u,i_ulim - i_1)),IntervalProduct_Body(i_ulim,d_1_N_sqrt_plus));}}RE;}TE IN VO LazySqrtDecomposition::IntervalAct(CRI i_start,CRI i_final,CO R& r){if(r != m_L.Point()){CO int i_min = max(i_start,0);CO int i_ulim = min(i_final + 1,m_N);CO int d_0 =(i_min + m_N_sqrt - 1)/ m_N_sqrt;CO int d_1 = max(d_0,i_ulim / m_N_sqrt);CO int d_0_N_sqrt = d_0 * m_N_sqrt;CO int d_1_N_sqrt = d_1 * m_N_sqrt;CO int i_0 = min(d_0_N_sqrt,i_ulim);CO int i_1 = max(i_0,d_1_N_sqrt);if(i_min < i_0){CO int d_0_minus = d_0 - 1;CO int d_0_N_sqrt_minus = d_0_N_sqrt - m_N_sqrt;VE::reference m_suspended_d = m_suspended[d_0_minus];if(m_suspended_d){CO U& m_lazy_substitution_d = m_lazy_substitution[d_0_minus];U& m_bd = m_b[d_0_minus];CO U u = m_M.ScalarProduct(r,m_lazy_substitution_d);IntervalSet_Body(d_0_N_sqrt_minus,i_min,m_lazy_substitution_d);IntervalSet_Body(i_min,i_0,u);IntervalSet_Body(i_0,d_0_N_sqrt,m_lazy_substitution_d);m_suspended_d = false;m_bd = m_M.Product(m_M.Product(m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution_d,i_min - d_0_N_sqrt_minus),m_M.PW(u,i_0 - i_min)),m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution_d,d_0_N_sqrt - i_0));}else{R& m_lazy_action_d = m_lazy_action[d_0_minus];if(m_lazy_action_d == m_L.Point()){IntervalAct_Body(i_min,i_0,r);}else{IntervalAct_Body(d_0_N_sqrt_minus,i_min,m_lazy_action_d);IntervalAct_Body(i_min,i_0,m_L.Product(r,m_lazy_action_d));IntervalAct_Body(i_0,d_0_N_sqrt,m_lazy_action_d);m_lazy_action_d = m_L.Point();}SetProduct(d_0_minus);}}for(int d = d_0;d < d_1;d++){U& m_bd = m_b[d];m_bd = m_M.ScalarProduct(r,m_bd);if(m_suspended[d]){U& m_lazy_substitution_d = m_lazy_substitution[d];m_lazy_substitution_d = m_M.ScalarProduct(r,m_lazy_substitution_d);}else{R& m_lazy_action_d = m_lazy_action[d];m_lazy_action_d = m_L.Product(r,m_lazy_action_d);}}if(i_1 < i_ulim){CO int d_1_N_sqrt_plus = d_1_N_sqrt + m_N_sqrt;VE::reference m_suspended_d = m_suspended[d_1];if(m_suspended_d){CO U& m_lazy_substitution_d = m_lazy_substitution[d_1];U& m_bd = m_b[d_1];CO U u = m_M.ScalarProduct(r,m_lazy_substitution_d);IntervalSet_Body(d_1_N_sqrt,i_1,m_lazy_substitution_d);IntervalSet_Body(i_1,i_ulim,u);IntervalSet_Body(i_ulim,d_1_N_sqrt_plus,m_lazy_substitution_d);m_suspended_d = false;m_bd = m_M.Product(m_M.Product(m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution_d,i_1 - d_1_N_sqrt),m_M.PW(u,i_ulim - i_1)),m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution_d,d_1_N_sqrt_plus - i_ulim));}else{R& m_lazy_action_d = m_lazy_action[d_1];if(m_lazy_action_d == m_L.Point()){IntervalAct_Body(i_1,i_ulim,r);SetProduct(d_1);}else{IntervalAct_Body(d_1_N_sqrt,i_1,m_lazy_action_d);IntervalAct_Body(i_1,i_ulim,m_L.Product(r,m_lazy_action_d));IntervalAct_Body(i_ulim,d_1_N_sqrt_plus,m_lazy_action_d);m_lazy_action_d = m_L.Point();SetProduct(d_1);}}}}RE;}TE IN U LazySqrtDecomposition::IntervalProduct_Body(CRI i_min,CRI i_ulim){U AN = m_M.One();for(int i = i_min;i < i_ulim;i++){AN = m_M.Product(MO(AN),m_a[i]);}RE AN;}TE IN VO LazySqrtDecomposition::SetProduct(CRI d){U& m_bd = m_b[d]= m_M.One();CO int i_min = d * m_N_sqrt;CO int i_ulim = i_min + m_N_sqrt;for(int i = i_min;i < i_ulim;i++){m_bd = m_M.Product(MO(m_bd),m_a[i]);}RE;}TE IN VO LazySqrtDecomposition::SolveSuspendedSubstitution(CRI d,CO U& u){CO int i_min = d * m_N_sqrt;IntervalSet_Body(i_min,i_min + m_N_sqrt,u);m_suspended[d]= false;RE;}TE IN VO LazySqrtDecomposition::IntervalSet_Body(CRI i_min,CRI i_ulim,CO U& u){for(int i = i_min;i < i_ulim;i++){m_a[i]= u;}RE;}TE IN VO LazySqrtDecomposition::SolveSuspendedAction(CRI d){R& m_lazy_action_d = m_lazy_action[d];if(m_lazy_action_d != m_L.Point()){CO int i_min = d * m_N_sqrt;CO int i_ulim = i_min + m_N_sqrt;IntervalAct_Body(i_min,i_ulim,m_lazy_action_d);U& m_bd = m_b[d];m_bd = m_M.ScalarProduct(m_lazy_action_d,m_bd);m_lazy_action_d = m_L.Point();}RE;}TE IN U LazySqrtDecomposition::OP[](CRI i){AS(0 <= i && i < m_N);CO int d = i / m_N_sqrt;RE m_suspended[d]?m_lazy_substitution[d]:m_M.ScalarProduct(m_lazy_action[d],m_a[i]);}TE IN U LazySqrtDecomposition::Get(CRI i){RE OP[](i);}TE IN U LazySqrtDecomposition::IntervalProduct(CRI i_start,CRI i_final){CO int i_min = max(i_start,0);CO int i_ulim = min(i_final + 1,m_N);CO int d_0 =(i_min + m_N_sqrt - 1)/ m_N_sqrt;CO int d_1 = max(d_0,i_ulim / m_N_sqrt);CO int i_0 = min(d_0 * m_N_sqrt,i_ulim);CO int i_1 = max(i_0,d_1 * m_N_sqrt);U AN = m_M.One();if(i_min < i_0){CO int d_0_minus = d_0 - 1;AN = m_suspended[d_0_minus]?m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution[d_0_minus],i_0 - i_min):m_M.ScalarProduct(m_lazy_action[d_0_minus],IntervalProduct_Body(i_min,i_0));}for(int d = d_0;d < d_1;d++){AN = m_M.Product(MO(AN),m_b[d]);}if(i_1 < i_ulim){AN = m_M.Product(MO(AN),m_suspended[d_1]?m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution[d_1],i_ulim - i_1):m_M.ScalarProduct(m_lazy_action[d_1],IntervalProduct_Body(i_1,i_ulim)));}RE AN;}TE IN VO LazySqrtDecomposition::IntervalAct_Body(CRI i_min,CRI i_ulim,CO R& r){for(int i = i_min;i < i_ulim;i++){U& m_ai = m_a[i];m_ai = m_M.ScalarProduct(r,m_ai);}RE;} #endif /* AAA 常設でないライブラリは以上に挿入する。*/ #define INCLUDE_SUB #include __FILE__ #else /* INCLUDE_LIBRARY */ #ifdef DEBUG #define _GLIBCXX_DEBUG #else #pragma GCC optimize ( "O3" ) #pragma GCC optimize ( "unroll-loops" ) #pragma GCC target ( "sse4.2,fma,avx2,popcnt,lzcnt,bmi2" ) #define REPEAT_MAIN( BOUND ) START_MAIN; CEXPR( int , bound_test_case_num , BOUND ); int test_case_num = 1; if CE( bound_test_case_num > 1 ){ SET_ASSERT( test_case_num , 1 , bound_test_case_num ); } FINISH_MAIN #define FINISH_MAIN REPEAT( test_case_num ){ if CE( bound_test_case_num > 1 ){ CERR( "testcase " , VARIABLE_FOR_REPEAT_test_case_num , ":" ); } Solve(); CERR( "" ); } } #define DEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE1 , VALUE2 ) CEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE1 ) #define ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) AS( ( MIN ) <= A && A <= ( MAX ) ) #ifdef USE_GETLINE #define GETLINE_SEPARATE( SEPARATOR , ... ) string __VA_ARGS__; VariadicGetline( cin , SEPARATOR , __VA_ARGS__ ) #define GETLINE( ... ) GETLINE_SEPARATE( '\n' , __VA_ARGS__ ) #define SET_LL( A ) { GETLINE( A ## _str ); A = stoll( A ## _str ); } #else #define CIN( LL , ... ) LL __VA_ARGS__; VariadicCin( cin , __VA_ARGS__ ) #define SET_A( I , N , ... ) VariadicResize( N + I , __VA_ARGS__ ); FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_SET_A , 0 , N ){ VariadicSet( cin , VARIABLE_FOR_SET_A + I , __VA_ARGS__ ); } #define CIN_A( LL , I , N , ... ) VE __VA_ARGS__; SET_A( I , N , __VA_ARGS__ ) #define CIN_AA( LL , I0 , N0 , I1 , N1 , VAR ) VE> VAR( N0 + I0 ); FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_CIN_AA , 0 , N0 ){ SET_A( I1 , N1 , VAR[VARIABLE_FOR_CIN_AA + I0] ); } #define SET_LL( A ) cin >> A #endif #define SET_ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) SET_LL( A ); ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) #define SOLVE_ONLY #define COUT( ... ) VariadicCout( cout , __VA_ARGS__ ) << ENDL #define COUTNS( ... ) VariadicCoutNonSep( cout , __VA_ARGS__ ) #define CERR( ... ) #define CERRNS( ... ) #define COUT_A( I , N , A ) CoutArray( cout , I , N , A ) << ENDL #define CERR_A( I , N , A ) #endif #ifdef REACTIVE #ifdef DEBUG #define RSET( A , ... ) A = __VA_ARGS__ #else #define RSET( A , ... ) cin >> A #endif #define RCIN( LL , A , ... ) LL A; RSET( A , __VA_ARGS__ ) #define ENDL endl #else #define ENDL "\n" #endif #include using namespace std; #define ATT __attribute__( ( target( "sse4.2,fma,avx2,popcnt,lzcnt,bmi2" ) ) ) #define START_MAIN int main(){ ios_base::sync_with_stdio( false ); cin.tie( nullptr ) #define START_WATCH chrono::system_clock::time_point watch = chrono::system_clock::now(); double loop_average_time = 0.0 , loop_start_time = 0.0 , current_time = 0.0; int loop_count = 0 #define CURRENT_TIME ( current_time = static_cast( chrono::duration_cast( chrono::system_clock::now() - watch ).count() / 1000.0 ) ) #define CHECK_WATCH( TL_MS ) ( CURRENT_TIME , loop_count == 0 ? loop_start_time = current_time : loop_average_time = ( current_time - loop_start_time ) / loop_count , ++loop_count , current_time < TL_MS - loop_average_time * 2 - 100.0 ) #define CEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE ) CE LL BOUND = VALUE #define SET_A_ASSERT( I , N , A , MIN , MAX ) FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_SET_A , 0 , N ){ SET_ASSERT( A[VARIABLE_FOR_SET_A + I] , MIN , MAX ); } #define SET_AA_ASSERT( I0 , N0 , I1 , N1 , A , MIN , MAX ) FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_SET_AA0 , 0 , N0 ){ FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_SET_AA1 , 0 , N1 ){ SET_ASSERT( A[VARIABLE_FOR_SET_AA0 + I0][VARIABLE_FOR_SET_AA1 + I1] , MIN , MAX ); } } #define CIN_ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) decldecay_t( MAX ) A; SET_ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) #define CIN_A_ASSERT( I , N , A , MIN , MAX ) vector A( N + I ); SET_A_ASSERT( I , N , A , MIN , MAX ) #define CIN_AA_ASSERT( I0 , N0 , I1 , N1 , A , MIN , MAX ) vector A( N0 + I0 , vector( N1 + I1 ) ); SET_AA_ASSERT( I0 , N0 , I1 , N1 , A , MIN , MAX ) #define OUTPUT_ARRAY( C , I , N , A ) FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ARRAY , I , N ){ C << A[VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ARRAY] << " \n"[VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ARRAY==(N)-1]; } #define FOR( VAR , INITIAL , FINAL_PLUS_ONE ) for( decldecay_t( FINAL_PLUS_ONE ) VAR = INITIAL ; VAR < FINAL_PLUS_ONE ; VAR ++ ) #define FOREQ( VAR , INITIAL , FINAL ) for( decldecay_t( FINAL ) VAR = INITIAL ; VAR <= FINAL ; VAR ++ ) #define FOREQINV( VAR , INITIAL , FINAL ) for( decldecay_t( INITIAL ) VAR = INITIAL ; VAR + 1 > FINAL ; VAR -- ) #define ITR( ARRAY ) auto begin_ ## ARRAY = ARRAY .BE() , itr_ ## ARRAY = begin_ ## ARRAY , end_ ## ARRAY = ARRAY .EN() #define FOR_ITR( ARRAY ) for( ITR( ARRAY ) , itr = itr_ ## ARRAY ; itr_ ## ARRAY != end_ ## ARRAY ; itr_ ## ARRAY ++ , itr++ ) #define RUN( ARRAY , ... ) for( auto&& __VA_ARGS__ : ARRAY ) #define REPEAT( HOW_MANY_TIMES ) FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_REPEAT_ ## HOW_MANY_TIMES , 0 , HOW_MANY_TIMES ) #define SET_PRECISION( DECIMAL_DIGITS ) cout << fixed << setprecision( DECIMAL_DIGITS ); cerr << fixed << setprecision( DECIMAL_DIGITS ) #define RETURN( ... ) SOLVE_ONLY; COUT( __VA_ARGS__ ); RE #define COMPARE( ... ) auto naive = Naive( __VA_ARGS__ , true ); auto answer = Answer( __VA_ARGS__ ); bool match = naive == answer; CERR( "(" , #__VA_ARGS__ , ") == (" , __VA_ARGS__ , ") : Naive == " , naive , match ? "==" : "!=" , answer , "== Answer" ); if( !match ){ RE; } /* 圧縮用 */ #define TE template #define TY typename #define US using #define ST static #define AS assert #define IN inline #define CL class #define PU public #define OP operator #define CE constexpr #define CO const #define NE noexcept #define RE return #define WH while #define VO void #define VE vector #define LI list #define BE begin #define EN end #define SZ size #define LE length #define PW Power #define MO move #define TH this #define CRI CO int& #define CRUI CO uint& #define CRL CO ll& #define VI virtual #define IS basic_istream #define OS basic_ostream #define ST_AS static_assert #define reMO_CO remove_const #define is_COructible_v is_constructible_v #define rBE rbegin #define reSZ resize /* 型のエイリアス */ #define decldecay_t(VAR)decay_t TE US ret_t = decltype(declval()(declval()...)); TE US inner_t = TY T::type; US uint = unsigned int; US ll = long long; US ull = unsigned long long; US ld = long double; US lld = __float128; TE US T2 = pair; TE US T3 = tuple; TE US T4 = tuple; US path = pair; /* VVV 常設ライブラリは以下に挿入する。*/ #ifdef DEBUG #include "C:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Contest/Template/Local/a_Body.hpp" #else /* BinarySearch (2KB)*/ /* EXPRESSIONがANSWERの広義単調関数の時、EXPRESSION >= CONST_TARGETの整数解を格納。*/ #define BS(AN,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM,EXPRESSION,DESIRED_INEQUALITY,CO_TARGET,INEQUALITY_FOR_CHECK,UPDATE_U,UPDATE_L,UPDATE_AN)ST_AS(! is_same::value && ! is_same::value);ll AN = MINIMUM;{ll AN ## _L = MINIMUM;ll AN ## _R = MAXIMUM;AN = UPDATE_AN;ll EXPRESSION_BS;CO ll CO_TARGET_BS =(CO_TARGET);ll DIFFERENCE_BS;WH(AN ## _L < AN ## _R){DIFFERENCE_BS =(EXPRESSION_BS =(EXPRESSION))- CO_TARGET_BS;if(DIFFERENCE_BS INEQUALITY_FOR_CHECK 0){AN ## _R = UPDATE_U;}else{AN ## _L = UPDATE_L;}AN = UPDATE_AN;}if(AN ## _L > AN ## _R || !((EXPRESSION)DESIRED_INEQUALITY CO_TARGET_BS)){AN = MAXIMUM + 1;}} /* 単調増加の時にEXPRESSION >= CONST_TARGETの最小解を格納。*/ #define BS1(AN,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM,EXPRESSION,CO_TARGET)BS(AN,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM,EXPRESSION,>=,CO_TARGET,>=,AN,AN + 1,(AN ## _L + AN ## _R)/ 2) /* 単調増加の時にEXPRESSION <= CONST_TARGETの最大解を格納。*/ #define BS2(AN,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM,EXPRESSION,CO_TARGET)BS(AN,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM,EXPRESSION,<=,CO_TARGET,>,AN - 1,AN,(AN ## _L + 1 + AN ## _R)/ 2) /* 単調減少の時にEXPRESSION >= CONST_TARGETの最大解を格納。*/ #define BS3(AN,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM,EXPRESSION,CO_TARGET)BS(AN,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM,EXPRESSION,>=,CO_TARGET,<,AN - 1,AN,(AN ## _L + 1 + AN ## _R)/ 2) /* 単調減少の時にEXPRESSION <= CONST_TARGETの最小解を格納。*/ #define BS4(AN,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM,EXPRESSION,CO_TARGET)BS(AN,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM,EXPRESSION,<=,CO_TARGET,<=,AN,AN + 1,(AN ## _L + AN ## _R)/ 2) /* TwoPoitnterApproach (2KB)*/ /* VAR_TPAは尺取り法用の変数名の接頭辞で、実際の変数名ではなく、_Lと_Rと_infoがつく。 ANSWER ## _temp = {VAR_TPA ## _L,VAR_TPA ## _R,VPA_TPA ## _info}を {INIT,INIT,INFO_init}で初期化する。VPA_TPA ## _infoは区間和など。 ANSWER ## _tempがCONTINUE_CONDITIONを満たす限り、ANSWER ## _tempが 条件ON_CONDITIONを満たすか否かを判定し、それがtrueになるか VAR_TAR ## _LがVAR_TAR ## _Rに追い付くまでVAR_TPA ## _LとVPA_TPA ## _infoの 更新操作UPDATE_Lを繰り返し、その後VAR_TPA ## _RとVPA_TPA ## _infoの 更新操作UPDATE_Rを行う。(マクロとコンマの制約上、関数オブジェクトを用いる) ON_CONDITIONがtrueとなる極大閉区間とその時点でのinfoをANSWERに格納する。 例えば長さNの非負整数値配列Aで極大な正値区間とそこでの総和を取得したい場合 auto update_L = [&]( int& i_L , ll& i_info ){ i_info -= A[i_L++]; }; auto update_R = [&]( int& i_R , ll& i_info ){ ++i_R < N ? i_info += A[i_R] : i_info; }; TPA( interval , i , 0 , i_R < N , update_L( i_L , i_info ) , update_R( i_R , i_info ) , A[i_L] > 0 && A[i_R] > 0 , ll( A[0] ) ); とすればtuple値配列intervalに{左端,右端,総和}の列が格納される。*/ #define TPA(AN,VAR_TPA,INIT,CONTINUE_CONDITION,UPDATE_L,UPDATE_R,ON_CONDITION,INFO_init)VE> AN{};{auto init_TPA = INIT;decldecay_t(AN.front())AN ## _temp ={init_TPA,init_TPA,INFO_init};auto AN ## _prev = AN ## _temp;auto& VAR_TPA ## _L = get<0>(AN ## _temp);auto& VAR_TPA ## _R = get<1>(AN ## _temp);auto& VAR_TPA ## _info = get<2>(AN ## _temp);bool on_TPA_prev = false;WH(true){bool continuing = CONTINUE_CONDITION;bool on_TPA = continuing &&(ON_CONDITION);if(on_TPA_prev && ! on_TPA){AN.push_back(AN ## _prev);}if(continuing){if(on_TPA || VAR_TPA ## _L == VAR_TPA ## _R){AN ## _prev = AN ## _temp;UPDATE_R;}else{UPDATE_L;}}else{break;}on_TPA_prev = on_TPA;}} /* Random (1KB)*/ ll GetRand(CRI Rand_min,CRI Rand_max){AS(Rand_min <= Rand_max);ll AN = time(NULL);RE AN * rand()%(Rand_max + 1 - Rand_min)+ Rand_min;} /* Set (1KB)*/ #define DC_OF_HASH(...)struct hash<__VA_ARGS__>{IN size_t OP()(CO __VA_ARGS__& n)CO;}; CL is_ordered{PU:is_ordered()= delete;TE ST CE auto Check(CO T& t)-> decltype(t < t,true_type());ST CE false_type Check(...);TE ST CE CO bool value = is_same_v< decltype(Check(declval())),true_type >;}; TE US Set = conditional_t>,unordered_set,conditional_t,set,VO>>; /* Tuple (5KB)*/ #define DF_OF_AR_FOR_TUPLE(OPR)TE TY V> IN auto OP OPR ## =(V& t0,CO V& t1)-> decltype((get<0>(t0),t0))&{get<0>(t0)OPR ## = get<0>(t1);get<1>(t0)OPR ## = get<1>(t1);RE t0;}TE IN tuple& OP OPR ## =(tuple& t0,CO tuple& t1){get<0>(t0)OPR ## = get<0>(t1);get<1>(t0)OPR ## = get<1>(t1);get<2>(t0)OPR ## = get<2>(t1);RE t0;}TE IN tuple& OP OPR ## =(tuple& t0,CO tuple& t1){get<0>(t0)OPR ## = get<0>(t1);get<1>(t0)OPR ## = get<1>(t1);get<2>(t0)OPR ## = get<2>(t1);get<3>(t0)OPR ## = get<3>(t1);RE t0;}TE TY V> IN auto OP OPR ## =(V& t0,CO ARG& t1)-> decltype((get<0>(t0),t0))&{get<0>(t0)OPR ## = t1;get<1>(t0)OPR ## = t1;RE t0;}TE IN tuple& OP OPR ## =(tuple& t0,CO ARG& t1){get<0>(t0)OPR ## = t1;get<1>(t0)OPR ## = t1;get<2>(t0)OPR ## = t1;RE t0;}TE IN tuple& OP OPR ## =(tuple& t0,CO ARG& t1){get<0>(t0)OPR ## = t1;get<1>(t0)OPR ## = t1;get<2>(t0)OPR ## = t1;get<3>(t0)OPR ## = t1;RE t0;}TE TY V,TY...ARGS,TY ARG> IN auto OP OPR(CO V& t0,CO ARG& t1)-> decldecay_t((get<0>(t0),t0)){auto t = t0;RE MO(t OPR ## = t1);} #define DF_OF_INCREMENT_FOR_TUPLE(INCR)TE TY V> IN auto OP INCR(V& t)-> decltype((get<0>(t),t))&{INCR get<0>(t);INCR get<1>(t);RE t;}TE IN tuple& OP INCR(tuple& t){INCR get<0>(t);INCR get<1>(t);INCR get<2>(t);RE t;}TE IN tuple& OP INCR(tuple& t){INCR get<0>(t);INCR get<1>(t);INCR get<2>(t);INCR get<3>(t);RE t;} TE IN IS& OP>>(IS& is,tuple& arg){RE is >> get<0>(arg);}TE TY V> IN auto OP>>(IS& is,V& arg)-> decltype((get<0>(arg),is))&{RE is >> get<0>(arg)>> get<1>(arg);}TE IN IS& OP>>(IS& is,tuple& arg){RE is >> get<0>(arg)>> get<1>(arg)>> get<2>(arg);}TE IN IS& OP>>(IS& is,tuple& arg){RE is >> get<0>(arg)>> get<1>(arg)>> get<2>(arg)>> get<3>(arg);}TE IN OS& OP<<(OS& os,CO tuple& arg){RE os << get<0>(arg);}TE TY V> IN auto OP<<(OS& os,CO V& arg)-> decltype((get<0>(arg),os))&{RE os << get<0>(arg)<< " " << get<1>(arg);}TE IN OS& OP<<(OS& os,CO tuple& arg){RE os << get<0>(arg)<< " " << get<1>(arg)<< " " << get<2>(arg);}TE IN OS& OP<<(OS& os,CO tuple& arg){RE os << get<0>(arg)<< " " << get<1>(arg)<< " " << get<2>(arg)<< " " << get<3>(arg);}DF_OF_AR_FOR_TUPLE(+);TE TY V> IN auto OP-(CO V& t)-> decltype(get<0>(t),t){RE{-get<0>(t),-get<1>(t)};}TE IN tuple OP-(CO tuple& t){RE{-get<0>(t),-get<1>(t),-get<2>(t)};}TE IN tuple OP-(CO tuple& t){RE{-get<0>(t),-get<1>(t),-get<2>(t),-get<3>(t)};}DF_OF_AR_FOR_TUPLE(-);DF_OF_AR_FOR_TUPLE(*);DF_OF_AR_FOR_TUPLE(/);DF_OF_AR_FOR_TUPLE(%);DF_OF_INCREMENT_FOR_TUPLE(++);DF_OF_INCREMENT_FOR_TUPLE(--); #define DF_OF_HASH_FOR_TUPLE(PAIR)TE IN size_t hash>::OP()(CO PAIR& n)CO{ST CO size_t seed =(GetRand(1e3,1e8)<< 1)| 1;ST CO hash h0;ST CO hash h1;RE(h0(get<0>(n))* seed)^ h1(get<1>(n));} TE DC_OF_HASH(tuple);TE DC_OF_HASH(pair);TE DC_OF_HASH(tuple);TE DC_OF_HASH(tuple);TE DC_OF_HASH(tuple); TE IN size_t hash>::OP()(CO tuple& n)CO{ST CO hash h;RE h(get<0>(n));}DF_OF_HASH_FOR_TUPLE(pair);DF_OF_HASH_FOR_TUPLE(tuple);TE IN size_t hash>::OP()(CO tuple& n)CO{ST CO size_t seed =(GetRand(1e3,1e8)<< 1)| 1;ST CO hash> h01;ST CO hash h2;RE(h01({get<0>(n),get<1>(n)})* seed)^ h2(get<2>(n));}TE IN size_t hash>::OP()(CO tuple& n)CO{ST CO size_t seed =(GetRand(1e3,1e8)<< 1)| 1;ST CO hash> h01;ST CO hash> h23;RE(h01({get<0>(n),get<1>(n)})* seed)^ h23({get<2>(n),get<3>(n)});} /* Vector (2KB)*/ #define DF_OF_COUT_FOR_VE(V)TE IN OS& OP<<(OS& os,CO V& arg){auto BE = arg.BE(),EN = arg.EN();auto IT = BE;WH(IT != EN){(IT == BE?os:os << " ")<< *IT;IT++;}RE os;} #define DF_OF_AR_FOR_VE(V,OPR)TE IN V& OP OPR ## =(V& a,CO T& t){for(auto& s:a){s OPR ## = t;}RE a;}TE IN V& OP OPR ## =(V& a0,CO V& a1){AS(a0.SZ()<= a1.SZ());auto IT0 = a0.BE(),EN0 = a0.EN();auto IT1 = a1.BE();WH(IT0 != EN0){*(IT0++)OPR ## = *(IT1++);}RE a0;}TE IN V OP OPR(V a,CO U& u){RE MO(a OPR ## = u);} #define DF_OF_INCREMENT_FOR_VE(V,INCR)TE IN V& OP INCR(V& a){for(auto& i:a){INCR i;}RE a;} #define DF_OF_ARS_FOR_VE(V)DF_OF_AR_FOR_VE(V,+);DF_OF_AR_FOR_VE(V,-);DF_OF_AR_FOR_VE(V,*);DF_OF_AR_FOR_VE(V,/);DF_OF_AR_FOR_VE(V,%);DF_OF_INCREMENT_FOR_VE(V,++);DF_OF_INCREMENT_FOR_VE(V,--);TE IN V OP*(CO T& scalar,V v){for(auto& t:v){t *= scalar;}RE MO(v);} DF_OF_COUT_FOR_VE(VE);DF_OF_COUT_FOR_VE(LI);DF_OF_COUT_FOR_VE(set);DF_OF_COUT_FOR_VE(unordered_set);DF_OF_ARS_FOR_VE(VE);DF_OF_ARS_FOR_VE(LI);IN VO VariadicResize(CRI SZ){}TE IN VO VariadicResize(CRI SZ,Arg& arg,ARGS&... args){arg.resize(SZ);VariadicResize(SZ,args...);}TE IN auto Get(V& a){RE[&](CRI i = 0)-> CO decldecay_t(a[0])&{RE a[i];};}TE IN VE id(CRI SZ){VE AN(SZ);FOR(i,0,SZ){AN[i]= i;}RE AN;}TE VO Sort(VE& a,CO bool& reversed = false){if(reversed){ST auto comp =[](CO T& t0,CO T& t1){RE t1 < t0;};sort(a.BE(),a.EN(),comp);}else{sort(a.BE(),a.EN());}}TE IN VE IndexSort(CO VE& a,CO bool& reversed = false){auto index = id(a.SZ());if(reversed){sort(index.BE(),index.EN(),[&](CRI i,CRI j){RE a[j]< a[i];});}else{sort(index.BE(),index.EN(),[&](CRI i,CRI j){RE a[i]< a[j];});}RE index;} /* Map (1KB)*/ #define DF_OF_AR_FOR_MAP(MAP,OPR)TE IN MAP& OP OPR ## =(MAP& a,CO pair& v){a[v.first]OPR ## = v.second;RE a;}TE IN MAP& OP OPR ## =(MAP& a0,CO MAP& a1){for(auto&[t,u]:a1){a0[t]OPR ## = u;}RE a0;}TE IN MAP OP OPR(MAP a,CO ARG& arg){RE MO(a OPR ## = arg);} #define DF_OF_ARS_FOR_MAP(MAP)DF_OF_AR_FOR_MAP(MAP,+);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MAP(MAP,-);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MAP(MAP,*);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MAP(MAP,/);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MAP(MAP,%); TE US Map = conditional_t>,unordered_map,conditional_t,map,VO>>; DF_OF_ARS_FOR_MAP(map);DF_OF_ARS_FOR_MAP(unordered_map); /* StdStream (2KB)*/ TE IN IS& VariadicCin(IS& is){RE is;}TE IN IS& VariadicCin(IS& is,Arg& arg,ARGS&... args){RE VariadicCin(is >> arg,args...);}TE IN IS& VariadicSet(IS& is,CRI i){RE is;}TE IN IS& VariadicSet(IS& is,CRI i,Arg& arg,ARGS&... args){RE VariadicSet(is >> arg[i],i,args...);}TE IN IS& VariadicGetline(IS& is,CO char& separator){RE is;}TE IN IS& VariadicGetline(IS& is,CO char& separator,Arg& arg,ARGS&... args){RE VariadicGetline(getline(is,arg,separator),separator,args...);}TE IN OS& VariadicCout(OS& os,Arg&& arg){RE os << forward(arg);}TE IN OS& VariadicCout(OS& os,Arg1&& arg1,Arg2&& arg2,ARGS&&... args){RE VariadicCout(os << forward(arg1)<< " ",forward(arg2),forward(args)...);}TE IN OS& VariadicCoutNonSep(OS& os,Arg&& arg){RE os << forward(arg);}TE IN OS& VariadicCoutNonSep(OS& os,Arg1&& arg1,Arg2&& arg2,ARGS&&... args){RE VariadicCoutNonSep(os << forward(arg1),forward(arg2),forward(args)...);}TE IN OS& CoutArray(OS& os,CRI i_start,CRI i_ulim,ARRAY&& a){for(int i = i_start;i < i_ulim;i++){(i == i_start?os:(os << " "))<< a[i];}RE os;} /* Module (6KB)*/ #define DC_OF_CPOINT(POINT)IN CO U& POINT()CO NE #define DC_OF_POINT(POINT)IN U& POINT()NE #define DF_OF_CPOINT(POINT)TE IN CO U& VirtualPointedSet::POINT()CO NE{RE Point();} #define DF_OF_POINT(POINT)TE IN U& VirtualPointedSet::POINT()NE{RE Point();} TE CL UnderlyingSet{PU:US type = U;};TE CL VirtualPointedSet:VI PU UnderlyingSet{PU:VI CO U& Point()CO NE = 0;VI U& Point()NE = 0;DC_OF_CPOINT(Unit);DC_OF_CPOINT(Zero);DC_OF_CPOINT(One);DC_OF_CPOINT(Infty);DC_OF_POINT(init);DC_OF_POINT(root);};TE CL PointedSet:VI PU VirtualPointedSet{PU:U m_b_U;IN PointedSet(U b_u = U());IN CO U& Point()CO NE;IN U& Point()NE;};TE CL VirtualNSet:VI PU UnderlyingSet{PU:VI U Transfer(CO U& u)= 0;IN U Inverse(CO U& u);};TE CL AbstractNSet:VI PU VirtualNSet{PU:F_U m_f_U;IN AbstractNSet(F_U f_U);IN AbstractNSet& OP=(CO AbstractNSet&)NE;IN U Transfer(CO U& u);};TE CL VirtualMagma:VI PU UnderlyingSet{PU:VI U Product(U u0,CO U& u1)= 0;IN U Sum(U u0,CO U& u1);};TE CL AdditiveMagma:VI PU VirtualMagma{PU:IN U Product(U u0,CO U& u1);};TE CL MultiplicativeMagma:VI PU VirtualMagma{PU:IN U Product(U u0,CO U& u1);};TE CL AbstractMagma:VI PU VirtualMagma{PU:M_U m_m_U;IN AbstractMagma(M_U m_U);IN AbstractMagma& OP=(CO AbstractMagma&)NE;IN U Product(U u0,CO U& u1);}; TE IN PointedSet::PointedSet(U b_U):m_b_U(MO(b_U)){}TE IN CO U& PointedSet::Point()CO NE{RE m_b_U;}TE IN U& PointedSet::Point()NE{RE m_b_U;}DF_OF_CPOINT(Unit);DF_OF_CPOINT(Zero);DF_OF_CPOINT(One);DF_OF_CPOINT(Infty);DF_OF_POINT(init);DF_OF_POINT(root);TE IN AbstractNSet::AbstractNSet(F_U f_U):m_f_U(MO(f_U)){ST_AS(is_invocable_r_v);}TE IN AbstractNSet& AbstractNSet::operator=(CO AbstractNSet&)NE{RE *TH;}TE IN U AbstractNSet::Transfer(CO U& u){RE m_f_U(u);}TE IN U VirtualNSet::Inverse(CO U& u){RE Transfer(u);}TE IN AbstractMagma::AbstractMagma(M_U m_U):m_m_U(MO(m_U)){ST_AS(is_invocable_r_v);}TE IN AbstractMagma& AbstractMagma::OP=(CO AbstractMagma&)NE{RE *TH;}TE IN U AdditiveMagma::Product(U u0,CO U& u1){RE MO(u0 += u1);}TE IN U MultiplicativeMagma::Product(U u0,CO U& u1){RE MO(u0 *= u1);}TE IN U AbstractMagma::Product(U u0,CO U& u1){RE m_m_U(MO(u0),u1);}TE IN U VirtualMagma::Sum(U u0,CO U& u1){RE Product(MO(u0),u1);} TE CL VirtualMonoid:VI PU VirtualMagma,VI PU VirtualPointedSet{};TE CL AdditiveMonoid:VI PU VirtualMonoid,PU AdditiveMagma,PU PointedSet{};TE CL MultiplicativeMonoid:VI PU VirtualMonoid,PU MultiplicativeMagma,PU PointedSet{PU:IN MultiplicativeMonoid(U e_U);};TE CL AbstractMonoid:VI PU VirtualMonoid,PU AbstractMagma,PU PointedSet{PU:IN AbstractMonoid(M_U m_U,U e_U);}; TE IN MultiplicativeMonoid::MultiplicativeMonoid(U e_U):PointedSet(MO(e_U)){}TE IN AbstractMonoid::AbstractMonoid(M_U m_U,U e_U):AbstractMagma(MO(m_U)),PointedSet(MO(e_U)){} TE CL VirtualGroup:VI PU VirtualMonoid,VI PU VirtualPointedSet,VI PU VirtualNSet{};TE CL AdditiveGroup:VI PU VirtualGroup,PU AdditiveMonoid{PU:IN U Transfer(CO U& u);};TE CL AbstractGroup:VI PU VirtualGroup,PU AbstractMonoid,PU AbstractNSet{PU:IN AbstractGroup(M_U m_U,U e_U,I_U i_U);}; TE IN AbstractGroup::AbstractGroup(M_U m_U,U e_U,I_U i_U):AbstractMonoid(MO(m_U),MO(e_U)),AbstractNSet(MO(i_U)){}TE IN U AdditiveGroup::Transfer(CO U& u){RE -u;} TE CL VirtualRSet:VI PU UnderlyingSet{PU:VI U Action(CO R& r,U u)= 0;IN U PW(U u,CO R& r);IN U ScalarProduct(CO R& r,U u);};TE CL RegularRSet:VI PU VirtualRSet,PU MAGMA{PU:IN RegularRSet(MAGMA magma);IN U Action(CO U& r,U u);};TE RegularRSet(MAGMA magma)-> RegularRSet,MAGMA>;TE CL AbstractRSet:VI PU VirtualRSet{PU:O_U m_o_U;IN AbstractRSet(CO R& dummy0,CO U& dummy1,O_U o_U);IN AbstractRSet& OP=(CO AbstractRSet&)NE;IN U Action(CO R& r,U u);};TE CL AbstractModule:PU AbstractRSet,PU GROUP{PU:IN AbstractModule(CO R& dummy,O_U o_U,GROUP M);};TE AbstractModule(CO R& dummy,O_U o_U,GROUP M)-> AbstractModule,O_U,GROUP>;TE CL Module:VI PU VirtualRSet,PU AdditiveGroup{PU:IN U Action(CO R& r,U u);}; TE IN RegularRSet::RegularRSet(MAGMA magma):MAGMA(MO(magma)){}TE IN AbstractRSet::AbstractRSet(CO R& dummy0,CO U& dummy1,O_U o_U):m_o_U(MO(o_U)){ST_AS(is_invocable_r_v);}TE IN AbstractModule::AbstractModule(CO R& dummy,O_U o_U,GROUP M):AbstractRSet(dummy,M.One(),MO(o_U)),GROUP(MO(M)){ST_AS(is_same_v>);}TE IN AbstractRSet& AbstractRSet::OP=(CO AbstractRSet&)NE{RE *TH;}TE IN U RegularRSet::Action(CO U& r,U u){RE TH->Product(r,MO(u));}TE IN U AbstractRSet::Action(CO R& r,U u){RE m_o_U(r,MO(u));}TE IN U Module::Action(CO R& r,U u){RE MO(u *= r);}TE IN U VirtualRSet::PW(U u,CO R& r){RE Action(r,MO(u));}TE IN U VirtualRSet::ScalarProduct(CO R& r,U u){RE Action(r,MO(u));} /* Graph (5KB)*/ TE CL VirtualGraph:VI PU UnderlyingSet{PU:VI R1 Enumeration(CRI i)= 0;IN R2 Enumeration_inv(CO T& t);TE IN R2 Enumeration_inv(CO PATH& p);IN VO Reset();VI CRI SZ()CO NE = 0;VI E& edge()NE = 0;VI ret_t Edge(CO T& t)= 0;TE IN ret_t Edge(CO PATH& p);ST IN CO T& Vertex(CO T& t)NE;TE ST IN CO T& Vertex(CO PATH& e)NE;VI R2 Enumeration_inv_Body(CO T& t)= 0;};TE CL EdgeImplimentation:VI PU VirtualGraph{PU:int m_SZ;E m_edge;IN EdgeImplimentation(CRI SZ,E edge);IN CRI SZ()CO NE;IN E& edge()NE;IN ret_t Edge(CO T& t);};TE CL Graph:PU EdgeImplimentation{PU:IN Graph(CRI SZ,E edge);IN CRI Enumeration(CRI i);TE IN Graph GetGraph(F edge)CO;IN CRI Enumeration_inv_Body(CRI t);};TE CL EnumerationGraph:PU EdgeImplimentation,ret_t,E>{PU:Enum_T m_enum_T;Enum_T_inv m_enum_T_inv;IN EnumerationGraph(CRI SZ,Enum_T enum_T,Enum_T_inv enum_T_inv,E edge);IN ret_t Enumeration(CRI i);TE IN EnumerationGraph GetGraph(F edge)CO;IN ret_t Enumeration_inv_Body(CO T& t);};TE EnumerationGraph(CRI SZ,Enum_T enum_T,Enum_T_inv enum_T_inv,E edge)-> EnumerationGraph()(0)),Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,E>;TE CL MemorisationGraph:PU EdgeImplimentation{PU:int m_LE;VE m_memory;Map m_memory_inv;IN MemorisationGraph(CRI SZ,CO T& dummy,E edge);IN T Enumeration(CRI i);IN VO Reset();TE IN MemorisationGraph GetGraph(F edge)CO;IN CRI Enumeration_inv_Body(CO T& t);}; TE IN EdgeImplimentation::EdgeImplimentation(CRI SZ,E edge):m_SZ(SZ),m_edge(MO(edge)){ST_AS(is_COructible_v && is_COructible_v && is_invocable_v);}TE IN Graph::Graph(CRI SZ,E edge):EdgeImplimentation(SZ,MO(edge)){}TE IN EnumerationGraph::EnumerationGraph(CRI SZ,Enum_T enum_T,Enum_T_inv enum_T_inv,E edge):EdgeImplimentation,ret_t,E>(SZ,MO(edge)),m_enum_T(MO(enum_T)),m_enum_T_inv(MO(enum_T_inv)){}TE IN MemorisationGraph::MemorisationGraph(CRI SZ,CO T& dummy,E edge):EdgeImplimentation(SZ,MO(edge)),m_LE(),m_memory(),m_memory_inv(){ST_AS(is_invocable_v);}TE IN CRI Graph::Enumeration(CRI i){RE i;}TE IN ret_t EnumerationGraph::Enumeration(CRI i){RE m_enum_T(i);}TE IN T MemorisationGraph::Enumeration(CRI i){AS(0 <= i && i < m_LE);RE m_memory[i];}TE IN R2 VirtualGraph::Enumeration_inv(CO T& t){RE Enumeration_inv_Body(t);}TE TE IN R2 VirtualGraph::Enumeration_inv(CO PATH& p){RE Enumeration_inv_Body(get<0>(p));}TE IN CRI Graph::Enumeration_inv_Body(CRI i){RE i;}TE IN ret_t EnumerationGraph::Enumeration_inv_Body(CO T& t){RE m_enum_T_inv(t);}TE IN CRI MemorisationGraph::Enumeration_inv_Body(CO T& t){if(m_memory_inv.count(t)== 0){AS(m_LE < TH->SZ());m_memory.push_back(t);RE m_memory_inv[t]= m_LE++;}RE m_memory_inv[t];}TE VO VirtualGraph::Reset(){}TE IN VO MemorisationGraph::Reset(){m_LE = 0;m_memory.clear();m_memory_inv.clear();}TE IN CRI EdgeImplimentation::SZ()CO NE{RE m_SZ;}TE IN E& EdgeImplimentation::edge()NE{RE m_edge;}TE IN ret_t EdgeImplimentation::Edge(CO T& t){RE m_edge(t);}TE TE IN ret_t VirtualGraph::Edge(CO PATH& p){RE Edge(get<0>(p));}TE TE IN Graph Graph::GetGraph(F edge)CO{RE Graph(TH->SZ(),MO(edge));}TE TE IN EnumerationGraph EnumerationGraph::GetGraph(F edge)CO{RE EnumerationGraph(TH->SZ(),m_enum_T,m_enum_T_inv,MO(edge));}TE TE IN MemorisationGraph MemorisationGraph::GetGraph(F edge)CO{RE MemorisationGraph(TH->SZ(),MO(edge));}TE IN CO T& VirtualGraph::Vertex(CO T& t)NE{RE t;}TE TE IN CO T& VirtualGraph::Vertex(CO PATH& e)NE{RE Vertex(get<0>(e));} /* Grid (2KB)*/ #define SET_GRID H_minus = H - 1;W_minus = W - 1;HW = ll(H)* W #define SET_HW(h,w)H = h;W = w;SET_GRID #define CIN_HW cin >> H >> W;SET_GRID TE CL GridGraph:PU EnumerationGraph,T2(&)(CRI),int(&)(CO T2&),E>{PU:IN GridGraph(E e);};int H,W,H_minus,W_minus;ll HW;VE grid;char walkable = '.',unwalkable = '#'; IN T2 EnumHW(CRI v){RE{v / W,v % W};}IN int EnumHW_inv(CO T2& ij){auto&[i,j]= ij;RE i * W + j;}TE IN GridGraph::GridGraph(E e):EnumerationGraph,T2(&)(CRI),int(&)(CO T2&),E>(HW,EnumHW,EnumHW_inv,MO(e)){AS(HW >> 31 == 0 && H * W == HW);}VE> EdgeOnGrid(CO T2& v){VE> AN{};auto&[i,j]= v;if(grid[i][j]== walkable){if(i > 0 && grid[i-1][j]== walkable){AN.push_back({i-1,j});}if(i+1 < H && grid[i+1][j]== walkable){AN.push_back({i+1,j});}if(j > 0 && grid[i][j-1]== walkable){AN.push_back({i,j-1});}if(j+1 < W && grid[i][j+1]== walkable){AN.push_back({i,j+1});}}RE AN;}VE,ll>> WEdgeOnGrid(CO T2& v){VE,ll>> AN{};auto&[i,j]= v;if(grid[i][j]== walkable){if(i>0 && grid[i-1][j]== walkable){AN.push_back({{i-1,j},1});}if(i+1 < H && grid[i+1][j]== walkable){AN.push_back({{i+1,j},1});}if(j>0 && grid[i][j-1]== walkable){AN.push_back({{i,j-1},1});}if(j+1 < W && grid[i][j+1]== walkable){AN.push_back({{i,j+1},1});}}RE AN;}IN VO SetWallStringOnGrid(CRI i,VE& S){if(S.empty()){S.resize(H);}cin >> S[i];AS(int(S[i].SZ())== W);}CO string direction="URDL";IN int DirectionNumberOnGrid(CRI i,CRI j,CRI k,CRI h){RE i < k?2:i > k?0:j < h?1:(AS(j > h),3);}IN int DirectionNumberOnGrid(CO T2& v,CO T2& w){auto&[i,j]= v;auto&[k,h]= w;RE DirectionNumberOnGrid(i,j,k,h);}IN int DirectionNumberOnGrid(CRI v,CRI w){RE DirectionNumberOnGrid(EnumHW(v),EnumHW(w));}IN int ReverseDirectionNumberOnGrid(CRI n){AS(0 <= n && n<4);RE n ^ 2;} /* Loop (1KB)*/ TE bool NextLoop(CRI SZ,CO VE& lower_bound,CO VE& upper_limit,VE& index){int depth = 0;WH(depth < SZ){if(++index[depth]< upper_limit[depth]){break;}index[depth]= lower_bound[depth];depth++;}RE depth < SZ;}TE bool NextLoop(CO VE& lower_bound,CO VE& upper_limit,VE& index){RE NextLoop(index.SZ(),lower_bound,upper_limit,index);}TE bool NextLoopEq(CRI SZ,CO VE& lower_bound,CO VE& upper_bound,VE& index){int depth = 0;WH(depth < SZ){if(++index[depth]<= upper_bound[depth]){break;}index[depth]= lower_bound[depth];depth++;}RE depth < SZ;}TE bool NextLoopEq(CO VE& lower_bound,CO VE& upper_bound,VE& index){RE NextLoopEq(index.SZ(),lower_bound,upper_bound,index);} /* string (1KB)*/ TE IN char IntToChar(CO INT& i,CO char& c = 'a'){RE c + i;}TE IN INT CharToInt(CO char& i){RE i -(i < 'a'?'A':'a');}TE string ArrayToString(CO VE& A,CO char& c = 'a'){CO int N = A.SZ();string S(N,c);for(int i = 0;i < N;i++){S[i]= IntToChar(A[i],c);}RE S;}TE VE StringToArray(CO string& S){CO int N = S.SZ();VE A(N);for(int i = 0;i < N;i++){A[i]= CharToInt(S[i]);}RE A;} #endif /* AAA 常設ライブラリは以上に挿入する。*/ #define INCLUDE_LIBRARY #include __FILE__ #endif /* INCLUDE_LIBRARY */ #endif /* INCLUDE_SUB */ #endif /* INCLUDE_MAIN */