MOD = 998244353

n = int(input())
if n == 1:
    print(1)
else:
    p = [0] * (n + 1)
    for i in range(2, n + 1):
        p[i] = int(input())
    
    depth = [0] * (n + 1)
    depth[1] = 0  # Root's depth is 0
    
    for u in range(2, n + 1):
        depth[u] = depth[p[u]] + 1
    
    result = 1
    for u in range(2, n + 1):
        result = (result * depth[u]) % MOD
    
    print(result)