/* ### # ############# # ####################### ################################ ######################################### ############################################## # ##################################### # ###### ############################ ###### ########### ################### # ########## ################ ######### ############### #################### # #################### ####### ############## ######################## ######## ######### ######################## ########### ####### ######################## ############## # ####### ######################## ######################## ######################## ######################## ######################## ######################## ######################## ###################### ####################### ################### ################### ############## ############### ########## ########## ###### ###### ## ## # # # # # # # # # # # #### #### #### #### #### # # # # # ## # # # # # # #____# ## # #/ # # ## # # # # # # # #^^^^ # ## ###/# # # # #### #### ###/# #### # # ## */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace std; namespace { using Integer = long long; //__int128; template istream& operator >> (istream& is, vector& vec){for(T& val: vec) is >> val; return is;} template istream& operator , (istream& is, T& val){ return is >> val;} template ostream& operator << (ostream& os, const vector& vec){for(int i=0; i ostream& operator , (ostream& os, const T& val){ return os << " " << val;} template void print(const H& head){ cout << head; } template void print(const H& head, const T& ... tail){ cout << head << " "; print(tail...); } template void println(const T& ... values){ print(values...); cout << endl; } template void eprint(const H& head){ cerr << head; } template void eprint(const H& head, const T& ... tail){ cerr << head << " "; eprint(tail...); } template void eprintln(const T& ... values){ eprint(values...); cerr << endl; } class range{ long long start_, end_, step_; public: struct range_iterator{ long long val, step_; range_iterator(long long v, long long step) : val(v), step_(step) {} long long operator * (){return val;} void operator ++ (){val += step_;} bool operator != (range_iterator& x){return step_ > 0 ? val < x.val : val > x.val;} }; range(long long len) : start_(0), end_(len), step_(1) {} range(long long start, long long end) : start_(start), end_(end), step_(1) {} range(long long start, long long end, long long step) : start_(start), end_(end), step_(step) {} range_iterator begin(){ return range_iterator(start_, step_); } range_iterator end(){ return range_iterator( end_, step_); } }; string operator "" _s (const char* str, size_t size){ return move(string(str)); } constexpr Integer my_pow(Integer x, Integer k, Integer z=1){return k==0 ? z : k==1 ? z*x : (k&1) ? my_pow(x*x,k>>1,z*x) : my_pow(x*x,k>>1,z);} constexpr Integer my_pow_mod(Integer x, Integer k, Integer M, Integer z=1){return k==0 ? z%M : k==1 ? z*x%M : (k&1) ? my_pow_mod(x*x%M,k>>1,M,z*x%M) : my_pow_mod(x*x%M,k>>1,M,z);} constexpr unsigned long long operator "" _ten (unsigned long long value){ return my_pow(10,value); } inline int k_bit(Integer x, int k){return (x>>k)&1;} //0-indexed mt19937 mt(chrono::duration_cast(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count()); template string join(const vector& v, const string& sep){ stringstream ss; for(int i=0; i0) ss << sep; ss << v[i]; } return ss.str(); } string operator * (string s, int k){ string ret; while(k){ if(k&1) ret += s; s += s; k >>= 1; } return ret; } } constexpr long long mod = 9_ten + 7; template class BinaryIndexedTree_1_indexed{ void init(const vector &A){ for(int i=0; i tree; int N; BinaryIndexedTree_1_indexed(const int n) : tree(n+1,0), N(n){ } BinaryIndexedTree_1_indexed(const vector &A) : tree(A.size()+1,0), N(A.size()){ init(A); } //caution : position "i" must be 1-indexed void add(int i, const T x){ while(i <= N){ tree[i] += x; i += i & -i; } } //update node i to zero void to_zero(const int i){ T val = get_at(i); add(i, -val); } //get sums [0,i] T get_sum(int i){ T ret=0; while(i>0){ ret += tree[i]; i -= i & -i; } return ret; } //get sums [from,to] T get_sums_range(const int from, const int to){ return get_sum(to) - get_sum(from-1); } //get at [i] T get_at(const int i){ return get_sum(i) - get_sum(i-1); } int lower_bound(T val){ if(val<=0) return 0; int x = 0; int k = 1; while((k<<1) <= N) k<<=1; for( ; k>0; k>>=1){ if( x+k <= N && tree[x+k] < val ){ val -= tree[x+k]; x += k; } } return x+1; } void print(){ for(int i=0; i<=N; i++){ cerr << tree[i] << " "; } cerr << endl; } }; int main(){ int n; cin >> n; vector a(n); cin >> a; int q; cin >> q; vector d; d.push_back( 0); d.push_back(-1); vector l(q), h(q); for(int i : range(q)){ cin >> l[i], h[i]; d.push_back(l[i]); d.push_back(h[i]); } for(int i : range(n)){ d.push_back(a[i]); } sort(d.begin(), d.end()); d.erase( unique(d.begin(), d.end()), d.end()); for(int i :range(n)){ a[i] = lower_bound(d.begin(), d.end(), a[i]) - d.begin(); } for(int i : range(q)){ l[i] = lower_bound(d.begin(), d.end(), l[i]) - d.begin(); h[i] = lower_bound(d.begin(), d.end(), h[i]) - d.begin(); } vector dp_low(d.size()+1, 0); vector dp_high(d.size()+1, 0); BinaryIndexedTree_1_indexed t_l(d.size()+1); BinaryIndexedTree_1_indexed t_r(d.size()+1); BinaryIndexedTree_1_indexed c(d.size()+1); for(int i : range(n-1, 0, -1)){ t_r.add( a[i], 1 ); } for(int i : range(1,n-1)){ c.add( a[i-1], - t_l.get_at(a[i-1]) * t_r.get_at(a[i-1]) ); if(a[i] != a[i-1]) c.add( a[i] , - t_l.get_at(a[i]) * t_r.get_at(a[i]) ); t_l.add(a[i-1], 1); t_r.add(a[i] , -1); c.add( a[i-1], + t_l.get_at(a[i-1]) * t_r.get_at(a[i-1]) ); if(a[i] != a[i-1]) c.add( a[i] , + t_l.get_at(a[i]) * t_r.get_at(a[i]) ); dp_low [ a[i] ] += t_l.get_sums_range(1, a[i]-1) * t_r.get_sums_range(1, a[i]-1); dp_high[ a[i] ] += t_l.get_sums_range(a[i]+1, d.size()) * t_r.get_sums_range(a[i]+1, d.size()); dp_low [ a[i] ] -= c.get_sums_range(1, a[i]-1); dp_high[ a[i] ] -= c.get_sums_range(a[i]+1, d.size()); } for(int i : range(1, d.size()+1) ){ dp_low[ i ] += dp_low[i-1]; } for(int i : range(d.size()-2, -1, -1) ){ dp_high[ i ] += dp_high[i+1]; } for(int i : range(q)){ println( dp_high[ l[i] ] - dp_high[ h[i]+1 ] + dp_low[ h[i] ] - dp_low[l[i] - 1] ); } return 0; }