def determine_winner(H):
    stack = []
    total = 0
    for c in H:
        if c == '(':
            stack.append(0)
        else:
            if not stack:
                continue  # 根据问题描述，输入是合法的，所以这里不会触发
            current = stack.pop()
            gr = current + 1
            if stack:
                stack[-1] ^= gr
            else:
                total ^= gr
    return 0 if total != 0 else 1

# 读取输入
H = input().strip()
print(determine_winner(H))