#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define int long long
int n,q;
vector<int>v[(1<<22)+1];
int sum[(1<<22)+1];
int ans=0;
unsigned long long seed;
int gen() {
	seed = seed ^ (seed << 13);
	seed = seed ^ (seed >> 7);
	seed = seed ^ (seed << 17);
	return (seed >> 33);
}
signed main()
{
	ios::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);
	cin>>n>>q>>seed;
	for(int i=0;i<10000;i++) gen();
	vector<int>a(n);
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
	{
		a[i]=gen();
		v[a[i]>>9].push_back(a[i]);
	}
	for(int i=0;i<(1<<22);i++)
	{
		sum[i+1]=sum[i]+v[i].size();
	}
	for(int i=0;i<q;i++)
	{
		int x=gen();
		int cnt=sum[x>>9];
		for(int y:v[x>>9])
		{
			if(y<x) cnt++;
		}
		ans^=(int)(cnt)*i;
	}
	cout<<ans;
	return 0;
}