#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <atcoder/modint>
using namespace std;
using namespace atcoder;
using mint = modint;
#define int long long

int P;

signed main(){
  cin>>P;
  modint::set_mod(P);
  mint rui = P-1;
  mint ans = 0;
  for(int i = P-1; i >= 0; i--){
    ans += rui;
    rui *= i;
  }
  cout << ans.val() << "\n";
}