## https://yukicoder.me/problems/no/2393


def solve(x, y):
    array = []
    while x > 0:
        array.append(x % 2)
        x //= 2

    while y + 1< len(array) and array[y + 1] == 1:
        y += 1

    return 2 ** (y + 1) - 1


def main():
    T = int(input())
    answers = []
    for _ in range(T):
        x, y = map(int, input().split())
        ans = solve(x, y)
        answers.append(ans)

    for ans in answers:
        print(ans)

        











if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()