import sys sys.setrecursionlimit(10**7) def ii(): return int(input()) def mi(d=0): return map(lambda x:int(x)-d,input().split()) INF = float("inf") MOD = 998244353 def answer(s): print(s) exit() def cross(xy): x,y = xy return (x+1,y),(x-1,y),(x,y+1),(x,y-1) ################################################ class SegTree: def __init__(self,length,inf,order,arr=[]): self.inf = inf self.order = order self.bitlen = 2**length.bit_length() self.n = self.bitlen*2-1 if arr: self.len = length arr += [inf]*(self.bitlen - length) self.arr = [None]*(self.bitlen-1) + arr def PreProcessing(index): if self.arr[index] == None: self.arr[index] = self.order(PreProcessing(2*index+1),PreProcessing(2*index+2)) return self.arr[index] PreProcessing(0) else: self.len = 0 self.arr = [inf]*(self.bitlen*2-1) self.left_index = self.bitlen-1 #配列の末尾にxを追加。 def Append(self,x): self.Renew(self.len,x) self.len += 1 #データ更新:index番目をxに変更 def Renew(self,index,x): i = self.n - self.bitlen + index self.arr[i] = x while i != 0: i = (i-1)//2 result = self.order(self.arr[i*2+1],self.arr[i*2+2]) if result != self.arr[i]: self.arr[i] = result else: break #[x,y)の範囲の結果を取得 def GetRange(self,x,y,k=0,l=0,r=-1): if r == -1: r = self.bitlen if y<=l or r<=x: return self.inf elif x<=l and r<=y: return self.arr[k] else: return self.order( self.GetRange(x,y,2*k+1,l,(l+r)//2), self.GetRange(x,y,2*k+2,(l+r)//2,r) ) def nibtan(self,x,k=0,left=0,right=-1,min_left=0,max_right=-1): if right < 0: right = self.bitlen if max_right < 0: max_right = self.bitlen if k >= self.bitlen-1: return k - self.bitlen+1 else: center = (left+right)//2 if center >= min_left and self.arr[2*k+1] < x: l = self.nibtan(x,2*k+1,left,center,min_left,max_right) if l >= 0: return l if center <= max_right and self.arr[2*k+2] < x: r = self.nibtan(x,2*k+2,center,right,min_left,max_right) if r >= 0: return r return -1 def Solve(self): while self.left_index < self.n: if self.arr[self.left_index] != self.inf: height = self.arr[self.left_index] index = self.left_index - self.bitlen+1 while 0 <= index < self.len: self.Renew(index,self.inf) index = self.nibtan(height,min_left=index) if index >= 0: height = self.arr[index + self.bitlen-1] print(self.left_index-self.bitlen+2,height) self.left_index += 1 # print(self.arr) n = ii() p = list(mi()) segtree = SegTree(n,INF,min,p) segtree.Solve()