#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace std; using lint = long long; using pint = pair; using plint = pair; struct fast_ios { fast_ios(){ cin.tie(nullptr), ios::sync_with_stdio(false), cout << fixed << setprecision(20); }; } fast_ios_; #define ALL(x) (x).begin(), (x).end() #define FOR(i, begin, end) for(int i=(begin),i##_end_=(end);i=i##_begin_;i--) #define REP(i, n) FOR(i,0,n) #define IREP(i, n) IFOR(i,0,n) template bool chmax(T &m, const T q) { return m < q ? (m = q, true) : false; } template bool chmin(T &m, const T q) { return m > q ? (m = q, true) : false; } const std::vector> grid_dxs{{1, 0}, {-1, 0}, {0, 1}, {0, -1}}; int floor_lg(long long x) { return x <= 0 ? -1 : 63 - __builtin_clzll(x); } template T1 floor_div(T1 num, T2 den) { return (num > 0 ? num / den : -((-num + den - 1) / den)); } template std::pair operator+(const std::pair &l, const std::pair &r) { return std::make_pair(l.first + r.first, l.second + r.second); } template std::pair operator-(const std::pair &l, const std::pair &r) { return std::make_pair(l.first - r.first, l.second - r.second); } template std::vector sort_unique(std::vector vec) { sort(vec.begin(), vec.end()), vec.erase(unique(vec.begin(), vec.end()), vec.end()); return vec; } template int arglb(const std::vector &v, const T &x) { return std::distance(v.begin(), std::lower_bound(v.begin(), v.end(), x)); } template int argub(const std::vector &v, const T &x) { return std::distance(v.begin(), std::upper_bound(v.begin(), v.end(), x)); } template IStream &operator>>(IStream &is, std::vector &vec) { for (auto &v : vec) is >> v; return is; } template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::vector &vec); template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::array &arr); template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::unordered_set &vec); template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const pair &pa); template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::deque &vec); template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::set &vec); template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::multiset &vec); template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::unordered_multiset &vec); template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::pair &pa); template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::map &mp); template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::unordered_map &mp); template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::tuple &tpl); template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::vector &vec) { os << '['; for (auto v : vec) os << v << ','; os << ']'; return os; } template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::array &arr) { os << '['; for (auto v : arr) os << v << ','; os << ']'; return os; } template std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, std::tuple &tpl) { std::apply([&is](auto &&... args) { ((is >> args), ...);}, tpl); return is; } template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::tuple &tpl) { os << '('; std::apply([&os](auto &&... args) { ((os << args << ','), ...);}, tpl); return os << ')'; } template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::unordered_set &vec) { os << '{'; for (auto v : vec) os << v << ','; os << '}'; return os; } template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::deque &vec) { os << "deq["; for (auto v : vec) os << v << ','; os << ']'; return os; } template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::set &vec) { os << '{'; for (auto v : vec) os << v << ','; os << '}'; return os; } template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::multiset &vec) { os << '{'; for (auto v : vec) os << v << ','; os << '}'; return os; } template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::unordered_multiset &vec) { os << '{'; for (auto v : vec) os << v << ','; os << '}'; return os; } template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::pair &pa) { return os << '(' << pa.first << ',' << pa.second << ')'; } template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::map &mp) { os << '{'; for (auto v : mp) os << v.first << "=>" << v.second << ','; os << '}'; return os; } template OStream &operator<<(OStream &os, const std::unordered_map &mp) { os << '{'; for (auto v : mp) os << v.first << "=>" << v.second << ','; os << '}'; return os; } #ifdef HITONANODE_LOCAL const string COLOR_RESET = "\033[0m", BRIGHT_GREEN = "\033[1;32m", BRIGHT_RED = "\033[1;31m", BRIGHT_CYAN = "\033[1;36m", NORMAL_CROSSED = "\033[0;9;37m", RED_BACKGROUND = "\033[1;41m", NORMAL_FAINT = "\033[0;2m"; #define dbg(x) std::cerr << BRIGHT_CYAN << #x << COLOR_RESET << " = " << (x) << NORMAL_FAINT << " (L" << __LINE__ << ") " << __FILE__ << COLOR_RESET << std::endl #define dbgif(cond, x) ((cond) ? std::cerr << BRIGHT_CYAN << #x << COLOR_RESET << " = " << (x) << NORMAL_FAINT << " (L" << __LINE__ << ") " << __FILE__ << COLOR_RESET << std::endl : std::cerr) #else #define dbg(x) ((void)0) #define dbgif(cond, x) ((void)0) #endif #include #include #include #include template struct ModInt { static_assert(md > 1); using lint = long long; constexpr static int mod() { return md; } static int get_primitive_root() { static int primitive_root = 0; if (!primitive_root) { primitive_root = [&]() { std::set fac; int v = md - 1; for (lint i = 2; i * i <= v; i++) while (v % i == 0) fac.insert(i), v /= i; if (v > 1) fac.insert(v); for (int g = 1; g < md; g++) { bool ok = true; for (auto i : fac) if (ModInt(g).pow((md - 1) / i) == 1) { ok = false; break; } if (ok) return g; } return -1; }(); } return primitive_root; } int val_; int val() const noexcept { return val_; } constexpr ModInt() : val_(0) {} constexpr ModInt &_setval(lint v) { return val_ = (v >= md ? v - md : v), *this; } constexpr ModInt(lint v) { _setval(v % md + md); } constexpr explicit operator bool() const { return val_ != 0; } constexpr ModInt operator+(const ModInt &x) const { return ModInt()._setval((lint)val_ + x.val_); } constexpr ModInt operator-(const ModInt &x) const { return ModInt()._setval((lint)val_ - x.val_ + md); } constexpr ModInt operator*(const ModInt &x) const { return ModInt()._setval((lint)val_ * x.val_ % md); } constexpr ModInt operator/(const ModInt &x) const { return ModInt()._setval((lint)val_ * x.inv().val() % md); } constexpr ModInt operator-() const { return ModInt()._setval(md - val_); } constexpr ModInt &operator+=(const ModInt &x) { return *this = *this + x; } constexpr ModInt &operator-=(const ModInt &x) { return *this = *this - x; } constexpr ModInt &operator*=(const ModInt &x) { return *this = *this * x; } constexpr ModInt &operator/=(const ModInt &x) { return *this = *this / x; } friend constexpr ModInt operator+(lint a, const ModInt &x) { return ModInt(a) + x; } friend constexpr ModInt operator-(lint a, const ModInt &x) { return ModInt(a) - x; } friend constexpr ModInt operator*(lint a, const ModInt &x) { return ModInt(a) * x; } friend constexpr ModInt operator/(lint a, const ModInt &x) { return ModInt(a) / x; } constexpr bool operator==(const ModInt &x) const { return val_ == x.val_; } constexpr bool operator!=(const ModInt &x) const { return val_ != x.val_; } constexpr bool operator<(const ModInt &x) const { return val_ < x.val_; } // To use std::map friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &is, ModInt &x) { lint t; return is >> t, x = ModInt(t), is; } constexpr friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const ModInt &x) { return os << x.val_; } constexpr ModInt pow(lint n) const { ModInt ans = 1, tmp = *this; while (n) { if (n & 1) ans *= tmp; tmp *= tmp, n >>= 1; } return ans; } static constexpr int cache_limit = std::min(md, 1 << 21); static std::vector facs, facinvs, invs; constexpr static void _precalculation(int N) { const int l0 = facs.size(); if (N > md) N = md; if (N <= l0) return; facs.resize(N), facinvs.resize(N), invs.resize(N); for (int i = l0; i < N; i++) facs[i] = facs[i - 1] * i; facinvs[N - 1] = facs.back().pow(md - 2); for (int i = N - 2; i >= l0; i--) facinvs[i] = facinvs[i + 1] * (i + 1); for (int i = N - 1; i >= l0; i--) invs[i] = facinvs[i] * facs[i - 1]; } constexpr ModInt inv() const { if (this->val_ < cache_limit) { if (facs.empty()) facs = {1}, facinvs = {1}, invs = {0}; while (this->val_ >= int(facs.size())) _precalculation(facs.size() * 2); return invs[this->val_]; } else { return this->pow(md - 2); } } constexpr static ModInt fac(int n) { assert(n >= 0); if (n >= md) return ModInt(0); while (n >= int(facs.size())) _precalculation(facs.size() * 2); return facs[n]; } constexpr static ModInt facinv(int n) { assert(n >= 0); if (n >= md) return ModInt(0); while (n >= int(facs.size())) _precalculation(facs.size() * 2); return facinvs[n]; } constexpr static ModInt doublefac(int n) { assert(n >= 0); if (n >= md) return ModInt(0); long long k = (n + 1) / 2; return (n & 1) ? ModInt::fac(k * 2) / (ModInt(2).pow(k) * ModInt::fac(k)) : ModInt::fac(k) * ModInt(2).pow(k); } constexpr static ModInt nCr(int n, int r) { assert(n >= 0); if (r < 0 or n < r) return ModInt(0); return ModInt::fac(n) * ModInt::facinv(r) * ModInt::facinv(n - r); } constexpr static ModInt nPr(int n, int r) { assert(n >= 0); if (r < 0 or n < r) return ModInt(0); return ModInt::fac(n) * ModInt::facinv(n - r); } static ModInt binom(long long n, long long r) { static long long bruteforce_times = 0; if (r < 0 or n < r) return ModInt(0); if (n <= bruteforce_times or n < (int)facs.size()) return ModInt::nCr(n, r); r = std::min(r, n - r); assert((int)r == r); ModInt ret = ModInt::facinv(r); for (int i = 0; i < r; ++i) ret *= n - i; bruteforce_times += r; return ret; } // Multinomial coefficient, (k_1 + k_2 + ... + k_m)! / (k_1! k_2! ... k_m!) // Complexity: O(sum(ks)) // Verify: https://yukicoder.me/problems/no/3178 template static ModInt multinomial(const Vec &ks) { ModInt ret{1}; int sum = 0; for (int k : ks) { assert(k >= 0); ret *= ModInt::facinv(k), sum += k; } return ret * ModInt::fac(sum); } template static ModInt multinomial(Args... args) { int sum = (0 + ... + args); ModInt result = (1 * ... * ModInt::facinv(args)); return ModInt::fac(sum) * result; } // Catalan number, C_n = binom(2n, n) / (n + 1) = # of Dyck words of length 2n // C_0 = 1, C_1 = 1, C_2 = 2, C_3 = 5, C_4 = 14, ... // https://oeis.org/A000108 // Complexity: O(n) static ModInt catalan(int n) { if (n < 0) return ModInt(0); return ModInt::fac(n * 2) * ModInt::facinv(n + 1) * ModInt::facinv(n); } ModInt sqrt() const { if (val_ == 0) return 0; if (md == 2) return val_; if (pow((md - 1) / 2) != 1) return 0; ModInt b = 1; while (b.pow((md - 1) / 2) == 1) b += 1; int e = 0, m = md - 1; while (m % 2 == 0) m >>= 1, e++; ModInt x = pow((m - 1) / 2), y = (*this) * x * x; x *= (*this); ModInt z = b.pow(m); while (y != 1) { int j = 0; ModInt t = y; while (t != 1) j++, t *= t; z = z.pow(1LL << (e - j - 1)); x *= z, z *= z, y *= z; e = j; } return ModInt(std::min(x.val_, md - x.val_)); } }; template std::vector> ModInt::facs = {1}; template std::vector> ModInt::facinvs = {1}; template std::vector> ModInt::invs = {0}; // using mint = ModInt<998244353>; // using mint = ModInt<1000000007>; #include #include #include #include #include // Solve ax+by=gcd(a, b) template Int extgcd(Int a, Int b, Int &x, Int &y) { Int d = a; if (b != 0) { d = extgcd(b, a % b, y, x), y -= (a / b) * x; } else { x = 1, y = 0; } return d; } // Calculate a^(-1) (MOD m) s if gcd(a, m) == 1 // Calculate x s.t. ax == gcd(a, m) MOD m template Int mod_inverse(Int a, Int m) { Int x, y; extgcd(a, m, x, y); x %= m; return x + (x < 0) * m; } // Require: 1 <= b // return: (g, x) s.t. g = gcd(a, b), xa = g MOD b, 0 <= x < b/g template /* constexpr */ std::pair inv_gcd(Int a, Int b) { a %= b; if (a < 0) a += b; if (a == 0) return {b, 0}; Int s = b, t = a, m0 = 0, m1 = 1; while (t) { Int u = s / t; s -= t * u, m0 -= m1 * u; auto tmp = s; s = t, t = tmp, tmp = m0, m0 = m1, m1 = tmp; } if (m0 < 0) m0 += b / s; return {s, m0}; } template /* constexpr */ std::pair crt(const std::vector &r, const std::vector &m) { assert(r.size() == m.size()); int n = int(r.size()); // Contracts: 0 <= r0 < m0 Int r0 = 0, m0 = 1; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { assert(1 <= m[i]); Int r1 = r[i] % m[i], m1 = m[i]; if (r1 < 0) r1 += m1; if (m0 < m1) { std::swap(r0, r1); std::swap(m0, m1); } if (m0 % m1 == 0) { if (r0 % m1 != r1) return {0, 0}; continue; } Int g, im; std::tie(g, im) = inv_gcd(m0, m1); Int u1 = m1 / g; if ((r1 - r0) % g) return {0, 0}; Int x = (r1 - r0) / g % u1 * im % u1; r0 += x * m0; m0 *= u1; if (r0 < 0) r0 += m0; } return {r0, m0}; } // 蟻本 P.262 // 中国剰余定理を利用して,色々な素数で割った余りから元の値を復元 // 連立線形合同式 A * x = B mod M の解 // Requirement: M[i] > 0 // Output: x = first MOD second (if solution exists), (0, 0) (otherwise) template std::pair linear_congruence(const std::vector &A, const std::vector &B, const std::vector &M) { Int r = 0, m = 1; assert(A.size() == M.size()); assert(B.size() == M.size()); for (int i = 0; i < (int)A.size(); i++) { assert(M[i] > 0); const Int ai = A[i] % M[i]; Int a = ai * m, b = B[i] - ai * r, d = std::__gcd(M[i], a); if (b % d != 0) { return std::make_pair(0, 0); // 解なし } Int t = b / d * mod_inverse(a / d, M[i] / d) % (M[i] / d); r += m * t; m *= M[i] / d; } return std::make_pair((r < 0 ? r + m : r), m); } template Int pow_mod(Int x, long long n, Int md) { static_assert(sizeof(Int) * 2 <= sizeof(Long), "Watch out for overflow"); if (md == 1) return 0; Int ans = 1; while (n > 0) { if (n & 1) ans = (Long)ans * x % md; x = (Long)x * x % md; n >>= 1; } return ans; } constexpr int md = 998 / 2; using mint = ModInt; int main() { int T; cin >> T; while (T--) { int N, M; cin >> N >> M; vector K(M); cin >> K; vector dp((md - 1) * 2); dp.at(0) = 1; FOR(i, 1, dp.size()) dp.at(i) = dp.at(i - 1) * N; dbg(make_tuple(N, M, K)); dbg(dp); dbg(accumulate(ALL(dp), mint(0))); for (const auto &k : K) { int l = 0; int l2 = 0; for (auto c : k) l = (l * 10 + (c - '0')) % (md - 1); for (auto c : k) l2 = (l2 * 10 + (c - '0')) % md; int s499 = accumulate(dp.begin(), dp.begin() + l + 1, mint(0)).val(); if (N % md == 1) { s499 = mint(l2 + 1).val(); } int s2 = 0; if (N % 2 == 0) { s2 = 1; } else { s2 = (k.back() - '0' + 1) % 2; } dbg(make_tuple(k, l, s499, s2)); auto sol = linear_congruence({1, 1}, {s499, s2}, {499, 2}); dbg(sol); cout << sol.first << '\n'; } } }