#include using namespace std; typedef signed long long ll; #define _P(...) (void)printf(__VA_ARGS__) #define FOR(x,to) for(x=0;x<(to);x++) #define FORR(x,arr) for(auto& x:arr) #define FORR2(x,y,arr) for(auto& [x,y]:arr) #define ALL(a) (a.begin()),(a.end()) #define ZERO(a) memset(a,0,sizeof(a)) #define MINUS(a) memset(a,0xff,sizeof(a)) template bool chmax(T &a, const T &b) { if(a bool chmin(T &a, const T &b) { if(a>b){a=b;return 1;}return 0;} //------------------------------------------------------- int N,M; vector E[202020],RE[202020]; int V0[202020],V1[202020],V2[202020]; int win[202020]; void solve() { int i,j,k,l,r,x,y; string s; cin>>N>>M; MINUS(win); FOR(i,M) { cin>>x>>y; E[x-1].push_back(y-1); RE[y-1].push_back(x-1); V2[x-1]++; } queue Q; FOR(i,N) if(E[i].empty()) { win[i]=0; Q.push(i); } while(Q.size()) { int cur=Q.front(); Q.pop(); FORR(e,RE[cur]) if(win[e]==-1) { if(win[cur]==0) { win[e]=1; Q.push(e); } else { V1[e]++; V2[e]--; if(V2[e]==0&&V0[e]==0) { win[e]=0; Q.push(e); } } } } if(win[0]==1) cout<<"Alice"<