#nullable enable

#region
var (_input, _iter) = (Array.Empty<string>(), 0);
T I<T>() where T : IParsable<T>
{
    while (_iter >= _input.Length) (_input, _iter) = (Console.ReadLine()!.Split(' '), 0);
    return T.Parse(_input[_iter++], null);
}
#endregion

static long Power(long v, long p, long mod)
{
    var (res, k) = (1L, v);
    while (p > 0)
    {
        if ((p & 1) > 0) res = res * k % mod;
        k = k * k % mod;
        p >>= 1;
    }
    return res;
}

var p = I<long>();
var q = 1L;
for (var i = 1; i < p; i++) q = q * i % p;
q = Power(q, p - 2, p);
var ans = 0L;
for (var i = p - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
    ans += q;
    q = q * i % p;
}
Console.WriteLine(ans % p);