import sys
input = sys.stdin.readline
P = int(input())
fact = 1
bunsi = 0
for i in range(P-1, 0, -1):
    bunsi = (bunsi+fact)%P
    fact = fact*i%P
bunsi = (bunsi+fact)%P
bunbo = pow(fact, P-2, P)
ans = bunsi * bunbo % P
print(ans)