ll@t;
rep(t){
	ll@r,@c--;
	ll a=63;
	while(!(r&1ll<<a)){
		--a;
	}
	ll b=a;
	while(b>=0&&r&1ll<<b){
		--b;
	}
	if(c>b){
		wt(r-1);
	}else{
		ll d=(1ll<<a+1)-(b>=0?1ll<<b:1);
		ll z=d-1+d-r;
		while(r!=d){
			if(r+1&1ll<<c+1){
				r+=1;
			}else if(r+1&1ll<<c){
				r+=(1ll<<c+1)-(r&(1ll<<c+1)-1);
			}else{
				z+=1;
			}
			c+=1;
		}
		wt(z);
	}
}