fun readInt () =
    valOf (TextIO.scanStream (Int.scan StringCvt.DEC) TextIO.stdIn)


fun printAns [] = ignore ()
  | printAns ((a, b) :: tl) = 
    (
      print (Int.toString (b + (a * b)) ^ "\n");
      printAns tl
    )


val () =
    let
        val t = readInt ()
        val cases = List.tabulate (t, fn _ => (readInt (), readInt()))
    in
        printAns cases
    end