#line 1 "No_181_A_N_mod_M.cpp" #define YRSD // #include "YRS/aa/fast.hpp" #line 2 "YRS/all.hpp" #line 2 "YRS/aa/head.hpp" #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #define TE template #define TES template #define Z auto #define ep emplace_back #define eb emplace #define fi first #define se second #define all(x) (x).begin(), (x).end() #define OV4(a, b, c, d, e, ...) e #define FOR1(a) for (int _ = 0; _ < (a); ++_) #define FOR2(i, a) for (int i = 0; i < (a); ++i) #define FOR3(i, a, b) for (int i = (a); i < (b); ++i) #define FOR4(i, a, b, c) for (int i = (a); i < (b); i += (c)) #define FOR(...) OV4(__VA_ARGS__, FOR4, FOR3, FOR2, FOR1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define FOR1_R(a) for (int _ = (a) - 1; _ >= 0; --_) #define FOR2_R(i, a) for (int i = (a) - 1; i >= 0; --i) #define FOR3_R(i, a, b) for (int i = (b) - 1; i >= (a); --i) #define FOR4_R(i, a, b, c) for (int i = (b) - 1; i >= (a); i -= (c)) #define FOR_R(...) OV4(__VA_ARGS__, FOR4_R, FOR3_R, FOR2_R, FOR1_R)(__VA_ARGS__) #define FOR_subset(t, s) for (int t = (s); t > -1; t = (t == 0 ? -1 : (t - 1) & s)) #define sort ranges::sort using namespace std; TE using vc = vector; TE using vvc = vc>; TE using T1 = tuple; TE using T2 = tuple; TE using T3 = tuple; TE using T4 = tuple; TE using max_heap = priority_queue; TE using min_heap = priority_queue, greater>; using u8 = unsigned char; using uint = unsigned int; using ll = long long; using ull = unsigned long long; using ld = long double; using i128 = __int128; using u128 = __uint128_t; using f128 = __float128; using u16 = uint16_t; using PII = pair; using PLL = pair; #ifdef YRSD constexpr bool dbg = 1; #else constexpr bool dbg = 0; #endif #line 2 "YRS/IO/IO.hpp" istream &operator>>(istream &I, i128 &x) { static string s; I >> s; int f = s[0] == '-'; x = 0; const int N = (int)s.size(); FOR(i, f, N) x = x * 10 + s[i] - '0'; if (f) x = -x; return I; } ostream &operator<<(ostream &O, i128 x) { static string s; s.clear(); bool f = x < 0; if (f) x = -x; while (x) s += '0' + x % 10, x /= 10; if (s.empty()) s += '0'; if (f) s += '-'; reverse(all(s)); return O << s; } istream &operator>>(istream &I, f128 &x) { static string s; I >> s, x = stold(s); return I; } ostream &operator<<(ostream &O, const f128 x) { return O << ld(x); } template istream &operator>>(istream &I, tuple &t) { return apply([&I](Z &...s) { ((I >> s), ...); }, t), I; } template istream &operator>>(istream &I, pair &x) { return I >> x.fi >> x.se; } template ostream &operator<<(ostream &O, const pair &x) { return O << x.fi << ' ' << x.se; } TE requires requires(T &c) { begin(c); end(c); } and (not is_same_v, string>) istream &operator>>(istream &I, T &c) { for (Z &e : c) I >> e; return I; } TE requires requires(const T &c) { begin(c); end(c); } and (not is_same_v, const char*>) and (not is_same_v, string>) and (not is_array_v> or not is_same_v>, char>) ostream &operator<<(ostream &O, const T &a) { if (a.empty()) return O; Z i = a.begin(); O << *i++; for (; i != a.end(); ++i) O << ' ' << *i; return O; } void IN() {} TE void IN(T &x, Z &...s) { cin >> x, IN(s...); } void print() { cout << '\n'; } TES void print(T &&x, S &&...y) { cout << x; if constexpr (sizeof...(S)) cout << ' '; print(forward(y)...); } void put() {} TES void put(T &&x, S &&...y) { cout << x; put(forward(y)...); } #define INT(...) int __VA_ARGS__; IN(__VA_ARGS__) #define UINT(...) uint __VA_ARGS__; IN(__VA_ARGS__) #define LL(...) ll __VA_ARGS__; IN(__VA_ARGS__) #define ULL(...) ull __VA_ARGS__; IN(__VA_ARGS__) #define I128(...) i128 __VA_ARGS__; IN(__VA_ARGS__) #define STR(...) string __VA_ARGS__; IN(__VA_ARGS__) #define CH(...) char __VA_ARGS__; IN(__VA_ARGS__) #define REAL(...) re __VA_ARGS__; IN(__VA_ARGS__) #define VEC(T, a, n) vc a(n); IN(a) void YES(bool o = 1) { print(o ? "YES" : "NO"); } void Yes(bool o = 1) { print(o ? "Yes" : "No"); } void yes(bool o = 1) { print(o ? "yes" : "no"); } void NO(bool o = 1) { YES(not o); } void No(bool o = 1) { Yes(not o); } void no(bool o = 1) { yes(not o); } void ALICE(bool o = 1) { print(o ? "ALICE" : "BOB"); } void Alice(bool o = 1) { print(o ? "Alice" : "Bob"); } void alice(bool o = 1) { print(o ? "alice" : "bob"); } void BOB(bool o = 1) { ALICE(not o); } void Bob(bool o = 1) { Alice(not o); } void bob(bool o = 1) { alice(not o); } void POSSIBLE(bool o = 1) { print(o ? "POSSIBLE" : "IMPOSSIBLE"); } void Possible(bool o = 1) { print(o ? "Possible" : "Impossible"); } void possible(bool o = 1) { print(o ? "possible" : "impossible"); } void IMPOSSIBLE(bool o = 1) { POSSIBLE(not o); } void Impossible(bool o = 1) { Possible(not o); } void impossible(bool o = 1) { possible(not o); } void TAK(bool o = 1) { print(o ? "TAK" : "NIE"); } void NIE(bool o = 1) { TAK(not o); } #line 5 "YRS/all.hpp" #if (__cplusplus >= 202002L) #include constexpr ld pi = numbers::pi_v; #endif TE constexpr T inf = numeric_limits::max(); template <> constexpr i128 inf = i128(inf) * 2'000'000'000'000'000'000; template constexpr pair inf> = {inf, inf}; TE constexpr static inline int pc(T x) { return popcount(make_unsigned_t(x)); } constexpr static inline ll len(const Z &a) { return a.size(); } void reverse(Z &a) { reverse(all(a)); } void unique(Z &a) { sort(a); a.erase(unique(all(a)), a.end()); } TE vc inverse(const vc &a) { int N = len(a); vc b(N, -1); FOR(i, N) if (a[i] != -1) b[a[i]] = i; return b; } Z QMAX(const Z &a) { return *max_element(all(a)); } Z QMIN(const Z &a) { return *min_element(all(a)); } TE Z QMAX(T l, T r) { return *max_element(l, r); } TE Z QMIN(T l, T r) { return *min_element(l, r); } constexpr bool chmax(Z &a, const Z &b) { return (a < b ? a = b, 1 : 0); } constexpr bool chmin(Z &a, const Z &b) { return (a > b ? a = b, 1 : 0); } vc argsort(const Z &a) { vc I(len(a)); iota(all(I), 0); sort(I, [&](int i, int k) { return a[i] < a[k] or (a[i] == a[k] and i < k); }); return I; } TE vc rearrange(const vc &a, const vc &I) { int N = len(I); vc b(N); FOR(i, N) b[i] = a[I[i]]; return b; } template vc pre_sum(const vc &a) { int N = len(a); vc c(N + 1); FOR(i, N) c[i + 1] = c[i] + a[i]; if (of == 0) c.erase(c.begin()); return c; } TE constexpr static int topbit(T x) { if (x == 0) return - 1; if constexpr (sizeof(T) <= 4) return 31 - __builtin_clz(x); else return 63 - __builtin_clzll(x); } TE constexpr static int lowbit(T x) { if (x == 0) return -1; if constexpr (sizeof(T) <= 4) return __builtin_ctz(x); else return __builtin_ctzll(x); } TE constexpr T floor(T x, T y) { return x / y - (x % y and (x ^ y) < 0); } TE constexpr T ceil(T x, T y) { return floor(x + y - 1, y); } TE constexpr T bmod(T x, T y) { return x - floor(x, y) * y; } TE constexpr pair divmod(T x, T y) { T q = floor(x, y); return pair{q, x - q * y}; } template T SUM(const Z &v) { return accumulate(all(v), T(0)); } int lb(const Z &a, Z x) { return lower_bound(all(a), x) - a.begin(); } TE int lb(T l, T r, Z x) { return lower_bound(l, r, x) - l; } int ub(const Z &a, Z x) { return upper_bound(all(a), x) - a.begin(); } TE int ub(T l, T r, Z x) { return upper_bound(l, r, x) - l; } template ll bina(Z f, ll l, ll r) { if constexpr (ck) assert(f(l)); while (abs(l - r) > 1) { ll x = (r + l) >> 1; (f(x) ? l : r) = x; } return l; } TE T bina_real(Z f, T l, T r, int c = 100) { while (c--) { T x = (l + r) / 2; (f(x) ? l : r) = x; } return (l + r) / 2; } Z pop(Z &s) { if constexpr (requires { s.pop_back(); }) { Z x = s.back(); return s.pop_back(), x; } else if constexpr (requires { s.top(); }) { Z x = s.top(); return s.pop(), x; } else { Z x = s.front(); return s.pop(), x; } } void setp(int x) { cout << fixed << setprecision(x); } TE inline void sh(vc &a, int N, T b = {}) { a.resize(N, b); } #line 1 "YRS/debug.hpp" #ifdef YRSD void DBG() { cerr << "]" << endl; } TES void DBG(T &&x, S &&...y) { cerr << x; if constexpr (sizeof...(S)) cerr << ", "; DBG(forward(y)...); } #define debug(...) cerr << "[" << __LINE__ << "]: [" #__VA_ARGS__ "] = [", DBG(__VA_ARGS__) void ERR() { cerr << endl; } TES void ERR(T &&x, S &&...y) { cerr << x; if constexpr (sizeof...(S)) cerr << ", "; ERR(forward(y)...); } #define err(...) cerr << "[" << __LINE__ << "]: ", ERR(__VA_ARGS__) #define asser assert #else #define debug(...) void(0721) #define err(...) void(0721) #endif #line 5 "No_181_A_N_mod_M.cpp" // #include "YRS/IO/fast_io.hpp" // #include "YRS/random/rng.hpp" // #include "YRS/ds/basic/retsu.hpp" // #include "YRS/mod/mint.hpp" // #include "YRS/aa/def.hpp" #line 2 "YRS/mod/tetration.hpp" #line 2 "YRS/mod/mod_pow.hpp" #line 2 "YRS/mod/barrett.hpp" struct barrett { uint m; ull im; explicit barrett(uint m = 1) : m(m), im(ull(-1) / m + 1) {} uint mo(ull z) const { if (m == 1) return 0; ull x = ull((u128(z) * im) >> 64); ull y = x * m; return (z - y + (z < y ? m : 0)); } inline uint mul(uint a, uint b) const { return mo(ull(a) * b); } uint pow(uint a, uint b) const { uint s = 1; for (; b; b >>= 1, a = mul(a, a)) { if (b & 1) s = mul(s, a); } return s - (s >= m ? m : 0); } ull floor(ull z) const { if (m == 1) return z; ull x = (ull)(((u128)z * im) >> 64); ull y = x * m; return (z < y ? x - 1 : x); } pair divmod(ull z) const { if (m == 1) return {z, 0}; ull x = ull((u128(z) * im) >> 64), y = x * m; if (z < y) return {x - 1, z - y + m}; return {x, z - y}; } uint umod() const { return m; } }; struct barrett_64 { u128 m, mh, ml; explicit barrett_64(ull mod = 1) : m(mod) { u128 m = u128(-1) / mod; if (m * mod + mod == u128(0)) ++m; mh = m >> 64; ml = m & ull(-1); } ull mo(u128 x) const { u128 z = (x & ull(-1)) * ml; z = (x & ull(-1)) * mh + (x >> 64) * ml + (z >> 64); z = (x >> 64) * mh + (z >> 64); x -= z * m; return x < m ? x : x - m; } inline ull mul(ull a, ull b) const { return mo(u128(a) * b); } ull pow(ull a, ull b) const { ull s = 1; for (; b; b >>= 1, a = mul(a, a)) { if (b & 1) s = mul(s, a); } return s - (s >= m ? m : 0); } ull umod() const { return m; } }; #line 4 "YRS/mod/mod_pow.hpp" uint mod_pow(int a, ll k, uint mod) { a %= mod; uint s = 1; barrett X(mod); for (; k; k >>= 1, a = X.mul(a, a)) if (k & 1) s = X.mul(s, a); return s; } template uint mod_pow(ull a, ull k) { a %= mod; ull s = 1; for (; k; k >>= 1, a = a * a % mod) if (k & 1) s = s * a % mod; return s; } // a ^ (b ^ c) % mod template uint mod_pow_tri(ull a, ll b, ull c) { return a % mod == 0 ? 0 : mod_pow(a, mod_pow(b, c)); } ull mod_pow_64(ll a, ll k, ull mod) { a %= mod; ll s = 1; for (; k; k >>= 1, a = u128(a) * a % mod) if (k & 1) s = u128(s) * a % mod; return s; } #line 2 "YRS/pr/euler_phi.hpp" #line 2 "YRS/pr/factors.hpp" #line 2 "YRS/pr/ptest.hpp" struct MM { using uu = unsigned __int128; inline static ull m, r, nn; static void set_mod(ull m) { MM::m = m; nn = -uu(m) % m; r = m; FOR(5) r *= 2 - m * r; r = -r; } static ull reduce(uu x) { return (x + uu(ull(x) * r) * m) >> 64; } ull x; MM() : x(0) {} MM(ull x) : x(reduce(uu(x) * nn)) {} ull val() const { ull y = reduce(x); return y >= m ? y - m : y; } MM &operator+=(MM y) { x += y.x - (m << 1); x = (ll(x) < 0 ? x + (m << 1) : x); return *this; } MM &operator-=(MM y) { x -= y.x; x = (ll(x) < 0 ? x + (m << 1) : x); return *this; } MM &operator*=(MM y) { x = reduce(uu(x) * y.x); return *this; } MM operator+(MM y) const { return MM(*this) += y; } MM operator-(MM y) const { return MM(*this) -= y; } MM operator*(MM y) const { return MM(*this) *= y; } bool operator==(MM y) const { return (x >= m ? x - m : x) == (y.x >= m ? y.x - m : y.x); } bool operator!=(MM y) const { return not operator==(y); } MM pow(ull k) const { MM r = 1, a = *this; for (; k; k >>= 1, a *= a) if (k & 1) r *= a; return r; } }; bool ptest(const ull x) { if (x == 2 or x == 3 or x == 5 or x == 7) return 1; if (x % 2 == 0 or x % 3 == 0 or x % 5 == 0 or x % 7 == 0) return 0; if (x < 121) return x > 1; const ull d = (x - 1) >> __builtin_ctzll(x - 1); MM::set_mod(x); const MM o(1), mo(x - 1); Z f = [&](ull a) -> bool { MM y = MM(a).pow(d); ull t = d; while (y != o and y != mo and t != x - 1) y *= y, t <<= 1; if (y != mo and t % 2 == 0) return 1; return 0; }; if (x < (1ull << 32)) { for (ull a : {2, 7, 61}) if (f(a)) return 0; } else { for (ull a : {2, 325, 9'375, 281'78, 450'775, 978'050'4, 179'526'502'2}) { if (x <= a) return 1; if (f(a)) return 0; } } return 1; } ll rho(ll n, ll c) { MM::set_mod(n); const MM cc(c); Z f = [&](MM x) { return x * x + cc; }; MM x = 1, y = 2, z = 1, q = 1; ll g = 1; const ll m = 1ll << (__lg(n) / 5); for (ll r = 1; g == 1; r <<= 1) { x = y; FOR(r) y = f(y); for (ll k = 0; k < r and g == 1; k += m) { z = y; FOR(i, min(m, r - k)) y = f(y), q *= x - y; g = gcd(q.val(), n); } } if (g == n) do { z = f(z); g = gcd((x - z).val(), n); } while (g == 1); return g; } #line 2 "YRS/random/rng.hpp" #include #ifdef MeIoN std::mt19937 rg(0); std::mt19937_64 rd_64(0); #else std::mt19937 rg(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count()); std::mt19937_64 rd_64(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count()); #endif uint rng() { return rg(); } uint rng(uint lim) { return rg() % lim; } int rng(int l, int r) { return l + rg() % (r - l); } ull rng_64() { return rd_64(); } ull rng_64(ull lim) { return rd_64() % lim; } ll rng_64(ll l, ll r) { return l + rd_64() % (r - l); } template void shuffle(vector &v) { const int N = len(v); FOR(i, 1, N) { int k = rng(0, i + 1); if (i != k) swap(v[i], v[k]); } } #line 5 "YRS/pr/factors.hpp" // https://yukicoder.me/problems/no/36 => factor(); ll find_pr_e(ll x) { assert(x > 1); if (ptest(x)) return x; FOR(100) { ll e = rho(x, rng_64(x)); if (ptest(e)) return e; x = e; } err("failed"); assert(0); } vc> factor(ll x) { assert(x >= 1); vc> r; for (int e = 2; e < 100; ++e) { if (e * e > x) break; if (x % e == 0) { int c = 0; do { x /= e, c += 1; } while (x % e == 0); r.ep(e, c); } } while (x > 1) { ll e = find_pr_e(x); int c = 0; do { x /= e, c += 1; } while (x % e == 0); r.ep(e, c); } return sort(r), r; } vc> factor_by_lpf(ll n, vc &lpf) { vc> s; while (n > 1) { int p = lpf[n], e = 0; while (n % p == 0) n /= p, ++e; s.ep(p, e); } return s; } #line 2 "YRS/pr/zeta_mobius.hpp" #line 2 "YRS/pr/ptable.hpp" // [0, lm] inline vc ptable(int lm) { ++lm; static constexpr int sz = 32768; static int N = 2; static vc s{2}, vis(sz + 1); if (N < lm) { N = lm; s = {2}, vis.assign(sz + 1, 0); int R = lm / 2; s.reserve(int(lm / log(lm) * 1.1)); vc cp; FOR(i, 3, sz + 1, 2) { if (not vis[i]) { cp.ep(i, 1ll * i * i / 2); FOR(j, 1ll * i * i, sz + 1, i << 1) vis[j] = 1; } } FOR(L, 1, R + 1, sz) { array f{}; for (Z &[p, id] : cp) for (int i = id; i < sz + L; id = (i += p)) f[i - L] = 1; FOR(i, min(sz, R - L)) if (not f[i]) s.ep((L + i) << 1 | 1); } } int k = lb(s, lm + 1); return {s.begin(), s.begin() + k}; } #line 4 "YRS/pr/zeta_mobius.hpp" // O(N log log N) // 计算每个数的所有因数的值之和 TE void div_zeta(vc &a) { assert(a[0] == 0); int N = len(a) - 1; for (int p : ptable(N)) FOR(x, 1, N / p + 1) a[p * x] += a[x]; } // 恢复被div_zeta处理后的数组到原始值 TE void div_mobius(vc &a) { assert(a[0] == 0); int N = len(a) - 1; for (int p : ptable(N)) FOR_R(x, 1, N / p + 1) a[p * x] -= a[x]; } // 计算每个数的所有倍数的值之和 TE void multi_zeta(vc &a) { assert(a[0] == 0); int N = len(a) - 1; for (int p : ptable(N)) FOR_R(x, 1, N / p + 1) a[x] += a[p * x]; } // 恢复被multi_zeta处理后的数组到原始值 TE void multi_mobius(vc &a) { assert(a[0] == 0); int N = len(a) - 1; for (int p : ptable(N)) FOR(x, 1, N / p + 1) a[x] -= a[p * x]; } #line 5 "YRS/pr/euler_phi.hpp" // https://codeforces.com/contest/1295/problem/D // 计算给定整数 N 的欧拉函数值 φ(N) 即小于等于 N 且与 N 互质的数的个数 ll euler_phi(ll N) { for (Z x : factor(N)) N -= N / x.fi; return N; } // 预处理区间 [0, N] 内每个数的欧拉函数值 phi(i) 结果保存在数组 s 中 vc euler_phi_table(int N) { vc s(N + 1); iota(all(s), 0); div_mobius(s); return s; } // [l, r) phi O(sqrt(r) | B) template vc euler_phi_table2(ll l, ll r) { static vc pr = ptable(B); vc s(r - l), c(r - l); iota(all(s), l); iota(all(c), l); for (ll x : pr) { if (x * x > r) break; for (ll i = (x - l % x) % x; i < r - l; i += x) { s[i] = s[i] / x * (x - 1); while (c[i] % x == 0) c[i] /= x; } } for (ll i = 0; i < r - l; ++i) if (c[i] != 1) s[i] = s[i] / c[i] * (c[i] - 1); return s; } #line 5 "YRS/mod/tetration.hpp" // a^^b(mod) a^(a^...^a) {}b uint tetration(uint a, uint b, uint mod) { if (a == 0) return (1 - b % 2) % mod; if (a == 1 or b == 0) return 1 % mod; Z M = [&](ull a, ull m) { return a >= m ? a % m + m : a; }; vc ms{mod}; while (len(ms) < b and ms.back() != 1) ms.ep(euler_phi(ms.back())); b = len(ms); ull s = 1; FOR_R(i, b) s = mod_pow(M(a, ms[i]), s, ms[i]); return s; } #line 11 "No_181_A_N_mod_M.cpp" void Yorisou() { INT(a, b, p); print(tetration(a, b, p)); } constexpr int tests = 0, fl = 0, DB = 10; #line 1 "YRS/aa/main.hpp" int main() { cin.tie(0)->sync_with_stdio(0); int T = 1; if (fl) cerr.tie(0); if (tests and not fl) IN(T); for (int i = 0; i < T or fl; ++i) { Yorisou(); if (fl and i % DB == 0) cerr << "Case: " << i << '\n'; } return 0; } #line 18 "No_181_A_N_mod_M.cpp"