def answer(n: int) -> int:
    ans = 9 * n

    for d in range(1, 9):
        str_n = [*str(n)]
        is_upper = False
        for i in range(len(str_n)):
            if d < int(str_n[i]) or is_upper:
                str_n[i] = str(d)
                is_upper = True

        # v := n 以下の正整数のうち、d 以下の数字のみで構成されるものの個数
        v = int("".join(str_n), base=d + 1)
        ans -= v

    return ans


def solve():
    L, R = [int(s) for s in input().split()]
    print(answer(R) - answer(L - 1))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    T = int(input())

    for _ in range(T):
        solve()