import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.ArrayDeque;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeMap;
import java.util.function.BiFunction;
import java.util.function.DoubleUnaryOperator;
import java.util.function.IntBinaryOperator;
import java.util.function.IntFunction;
import java.util.function.IntToDoubleFunction;
import java.util.function.IntToLongFunction;
import java.util.function.IntUnaryOperator;
import java.util.function.LongBinaryOperator;
import java.util.function.LongToDoubleFunction;
import java.util.function.LongUnaryOperator;
import java.util.function.Predicate;
import java.util.function.ToIntFunction;
import java.util.random.RandomGenerator;
import java.util.stream.IntStream;
import java.util.stream.LongStream;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
public class Main {
static MyPrintWriter pw = MyPrintWriter.getInstance();
static FastScanner sc = FastScanner.getInstance();
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler((t, e) -> System.exit(1));
new Main().run();
pw.flush();
}
void run() {
long M = sc.nextLong();
int K = sc.nextInt();
long R = sc.nextLong();
long ans = f(M, K, R) - f(M, K, 0);
ans = fp.reduce(ans);
pw.println(ans);
}
Fp fp = Fp.MOD998244353;
long f(long M, int K, long R) {
var P = PolynomialFpDynamic.MOD998244353;
long[] A = new long[K + 1];
A[0] = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < K; i++) {
A[i + 1] = fp.reduce(-fp.inv(K));
}
var BmodA = P.geometricSumMod(M, A);
BmodA[0] = fp.reduce(BmodA[0] - M);
BmodA = P.mod(BmodA, A);
long[] BleqR_modA = P.geometricSumMod(R + 1, A);
BleqR_modA[0] = fp.reduce(BleqR_modA[0] - M);
var ans = P.solveCyclicCongruencePoint(A, M, BmodA, BleqR_modA, R);
return ans;
}
}
class ArrayUtils {
public static void swap(int i, int j, long[] A) {
if (i == j) {
return;
}
long tmp = A[i];
A[i] = A[j];
A[j] = tmp;
}
public static void swap(long[] A, long[] B) {
if (A.length != B.length) {
throw new AssertionError();
}
for (int i = 0; i < A.length; i++) {
long tmp = A[i];
A[i] = B[i];
B[i] = tmp;
}
}
public static void reverse(long[] a) {
int s = 0;
int t = a.length - 1;
while (s < t) {
swap(s, t, a);
++s;
--t;
}
}
}
interface CommutativeRingStrategy<T> extends RingStrategy<T> {}
interface EuclideanDomainStrategy<T> extends GCDDomainStrategy<T> {
T div(T a, T b);
T mod(T a, T b);
long norm(T a);
default T canonicalUnit(T a) {
return one();
}
@Override
default T gcd(T a, T b) {
while (!equals(b, zero())) {
a = mod(a, b);
T t = a;
a = b;
b = t;
}
if (equals(a, zero())) {
return a;
}
return div(a, canonicalUnit(a));
}
record ExtGCDResult<T>(T x, T y, T gcd) {}
default ExtGCDResult<T> extgcd(T a, T b) {
T x0 = one();
T y0 = zero();
T g0 = a;
T x1 = zero();
T y1 = one();
T g1 = b;
while (!equals(g1, zero())) {
T q = div(g0, g1);
T nextG = sub(g0, mul(q, g1));
T nextX = sub(x0, mul(q, x1));
T nextY = sub(y0, mul(q, y1));
x0 = x1;
y0 = y1;
g0 = g1;
x1 = nextX;
y1 = nextY;
g1 = nextG;
}
if (equals(g0, zero())) {
return new ExtGCDResult<>(x0, y0, g0);
}
T u = canonicalUnit(g0);
return new ExtGCDResult<>(div(x0, u), div(y0, u), div(g0, u));
}
}
interface ExactDivRingStrategy<T> extends IntegralDomainStrategy<T> {
T exactDiv(T a, T b);
}
class FastScanner {
private static FastScanner instance = null;
private final InputStream in = System.in;
private final byte[] buffer = new byte[1 << 16];
private int ptr = 0;
private int buflen = 0;
private FastScanner() {
}
public static FastScanner getInstance() {
if (instance == null) {
instance = new FastScanner();
}
return instance;
}
private boolean hasNextByte() {
if (ptr < buflen) {
return true;
}
ptr = 0;
try {
buflen = in.read(buffer);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return buflen > 0;
}
private int readByte() {
if (hasNextByte()) {
return buffer[ptr++];
} else {
return -1;
}
}
private boolean isPrintableChar(int c) {
return (33 <= c) && (c <= 126);
}
public boolean hasNext() {
while (hasNextByte() && (!isPrintableChar(buffer[ptr]))) {
ptr++;
}
return hasNextByte();
}
public long nextLong() {
if (!hasNext()) {
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
long n = 0;
boolean minus = false;
int b = readByte();
if (b == '-') {
minus = true;
b = readByte();
}
while ((b >= '0') && (b <= '9')) {
n = ((n << 1) + (n << 3)) + (b - '0');
b = readByte();
}
return minus ? -n : n;
}
public int nextInt() {
return ((int) (nextLong()));
}
}
class Fp extends Zn implements LongFieldStrategy {
public static final Fp MOD998244353 = new Fp(998244353);
public Fp(long mod) {
super(mod);
}
int[] inv = new int[0];
public long inv(long n) {
if (n < 0) {
n = reduce(n);
}
return n < inv.length ? inv[((int) (n))] & 0xffffffffL : MathUtils.modInv(n, mod);
}
@Override
public long div(long a, long b) {
return mul(a, inv(b));
}
@Override
public long mod(long a, long b) {
if (equals(b, zero())) {
throw new ArithmeticException("Division by zero");
}
return zero();
}
@Override
public long norm(long a) {
return equals(a, zero()) ? 0 : 1;
}
@Override
public long canonicalUnit(long a) {
if (equals(a, zero())) {
return one();
}
return a;
}
public long pow(long a, long n) {
if (n < 0) {
a = inv(a);
n = -n;
}
return MathUtils.modPow(a, n, mod);
}
}
interface GCDDomainStrategy<T> extends IntegralDomainStrategy<T> {
T gcd(T a, T b);
}
interface IntegralDomainStrategy<T> extends CommutativeRingStrategy<T> {}
interface LongCommutativeRingStrategy extends LongRingStrategy {}
interface LongEuclideanDomainStrategy extends LongGCDDomainStrategy {
long div(long a, long b);
long mod(long a, long b);
long norm(long a);
default long canonicalUnit(long a) {
return one();
}
@Override
default long gcd(long a, long b) {
while (!equals(b, zero())) {
a = mod(a, b);
long t = a;
a = b;
b = t;
}
if (equals(a, zero())) {
return a;
}
return div(a, canonicalUnit(a));
}
record ExtGCDResult(long x, long y, long gcd) {}
default ExtGCDResult extgcd(long a, long b) {
long x0 = one();
long y0 = zero();
long g0 = a;
long x1 = zero();
long y1 = one();
long g1 = b;
while (!equals(g1, zero())) {
long q = div(g0, g1);
long nextG = sub(g0, mul(q, g1));
long nextX = sub(x0, mul(q, x1));
long nextY = sub(y0, mul(q, y1));
x0 = x1;
y0 = y1;
g0 = g1;
x1 = nextX;
y1 = nextY;
g1 = nextG;
}
if (equals(g0, zero())) {
return new ExtGCDResult(x0, y0, g0);
}
long u = canonicalUnit(g0);
return new ExtGCDResult(div(x0, u), div(y0, u), div(g0, u));
}
}
interface LongExactDivRingStrategy extends LongIntegralDomainStrategy {
long divExact(long a, long b);
}
interface LongFieldStrategy extends LongEuclideanDomainStrategy , LongExactDivRingStrategy {
@Override
default long divExact(long a, long b) {
return div(a, b);
}
long inv(long a);
default long div(long a, long b) {
return mul(a, inv(b));
}
default long geometricSum(long a) {
return inv(sub(one(), a));
}
@Override
default ExtGCDResult extgcd(long a, long b) {
if (!equals(a, zero())) {
return new ExtGCDResult(inv(a), zero(), one());
} else if (!equals(b, zero())) {
return new ExtGCDResult(zero(), inv(b), one());
} else {
return new ExtGCDResult(zero(), zero(), zero());
}
}
}
interface LongGCDDomainStrategy extends LongIntegralDomainStrategy {
long gcd(long a, long b);
}
interface LongIntegralDomainStrategy extends LongCommutativeRingStrategy {}
interface LongRingStrategy extends LongSemiRingStrategy {
long neg(long a);
default long sub(long a, long b) {
return add(a, neg(b));
}
}
interface LongSemiRingStrategy {
long zero();
long one();
long add(long a, long b);
long mul(long a, long b);
boolean equals(long a, long b);
}
class MathUtils {
public static long modPow(long a, long n, long mod) {
if (n < 0) {
long inv = MathUtils.modInv(a, mod);
return MathUtils.modPow(inv, -n, mod);
}
if (n == 0) {
return 1;
}
return (MathUtils.modPow((a * a) % mod, n / 2, mod) * ((n % 2) == 1 ? a : 1)) % mod;
}
public static long modInv(long a, long mod) {
a = ((a % mod) + mod) % mod;
long[] f0 = new long[]{ 1, 0, mod };
long[] f1 = new long[]{ 0, 1, a };
while (f1[2] != 0) {
long q = f0[2] / f1[2];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
f0[i] -= q * f1[i];
}
ArrayUtils.swap(f0, f1);
}
return f0[1] < 0 ? mod + f0[1] : f0[1];
}
}
class MyPrintWriter extends PrintWriter {
private static MyPrintWriter instance = null;
private MyPrintWriter() {
super(System.out);
}
public static MyPrintWriter getInstance() {
if (instance == null) {
instance = new MyPrintWriter();
}
return instance;
}
}
class PolynomialFpDynamic implements EuclideanDomainStrategy<long[]> , UFDStrategy<long[]> , ExactDivRingStrategy<long[]> {
public final long mod;
Fp fp;
public final boolean isNTTFriendly;
public final long primitiveRoot;
public final int maxPow2;
long[][] bitreversedRoots;
long[][] bitreversedInvRoots;
public static final int FFT_NAIVE_THRESHOLD = 128;
public static final int FFT_MIN_LENGTH_THRESHOLD = 10;
public static final PolynomialFpDynamic MOD998244353 = new PolynomialFpDynamic(998244353L, 3);
public static final PolynomialFpDynamic MOD469762049 = new PolynomialFpDynamic(469762049L, 3);
public static final PolynomialFpDynamic MOD167772161 = new PolynomialFpDynamic(167772161L, 3);
public int countTerms(long[] a, int limit) {
int count = 0;
for (long v : a) {
if (fp.reduce(v) != 0) {
count++;
if (count > limit) {
return count;
}
}
}
return count;
}
public PolynomialFpDynamic(long mod, long primitiveRoot) {
this.mod = mod;
fp = new Fp(mod);
this.isNTTFriendly = true;
this.primitiveRoot = primitiveRoot;
this.maxPow2 = Long.numberOfTrailingZeros(mod - 1);
this.bitreversedRoots = new long[maxPow2 + 1][];
this.bitreversedInvRoots = new long[maxPow2 + 1][];
}
long addMod(long a, long b) {
long sum = a + b;
return sum >= mod ? sum - mod : sum;
}
long subMod(long a, long b) {
long diff = a - b;
return diff < 0 ? diff + mod : diff;
}
void prepareRoots(int n) {
if (Integer.bitCount(n) != 1) {
throw new AssertionError();
}
int sz = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(n);
if (sz > maxPow2) {
throw new AssertionError("NTT length exceeds mod - 1 power of two");
}
if (bitreversedRoots[sz] != null) {
return;
}
long root = MathUtils.modPow(primitiveRoot, (mod - 1) / n, mod);
long iroot = MathUtils.modInv(root, mod);
bitreversedRoots[sz] = new long[n];
bitreversedInvRoots[sz] = new long[n];
for (int n_ = n / 2; n_ >= 1; n_ /= 2 , root = (root * root) % mod , iroot = (iroot * iroot) % mod) {
long w = 1;
long iw = 1;
for (int j = 0; j < n_; ++j) {
bitreversedRoots[sz][n_ + j] = w;
bitreversedInvRoots[sz][n_ + j] = iw;
w = (w * root) % mod;
iw = (iw * iroot) % mod;
}
int cur = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < n_; ++j) {
if (cur < j) {
ArrayUtils.swap(n_ + cur, n_ + j, bitreversedRoots[sz]);
ArrayUtils.swap(n_ + cur, n_ + j, bitreversedInvRoots[sz]);
}
for (int k = n_ / 2; k > (cur ^= k); k /= 2);
}
}
}
public void fftToBitReversed(long[] a) {
int n = a.length;
int sz = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(n);
prepareRoots(n);
for (int m = 1, t = n / 2; m <= (n / 2); m *= 2 , t /= 2) {
for (int i = 0, k = 0; i < m; ++i , k += 2 * t) {
long s = bitreversedRoots[sz][m + i];
for (int j = k; j < (k + t); ++j) {
long u = a[j];
long v = (a[j + t] * s) % mod;
a[j] = addMod(u, v);
a[j + t] = subMod(u, v);
}
}
}
}
public void ifftFromBitReversed(long[] a) {
long invN = MathUtils.modInv(a.length, mod);
int n = a.length;
int sz = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(n);
prepareRoots(n);
for (int m = n / 2, t = 1; m >= 1; m /= 2 , t *= 2) {
for (int i = 0, k = 0; i < m; ++i , k += 2 * t) {
long s = bitreversedInvRoots[sz][m + i];
if (m == 1) {
s = (s * invN) % mod;
}
for (int j = k; j < (k + t); ++j) {
long u = a[j];
long v = a[j + t];
if (m == 1) {
a[j] = ((u + v) * invN) % mod;
} else {
a[j] = addMod(u, v);
}
a[j + t] = (((u + mod) - v) * s) % mod;
}
}
}
}
public long[] mulFFT(long[] a, long[] b) {
if ((a.length == 0) || (b.length == 0)) {
return new long[0];
}
int n = 1;
int len = (a.length + b.length) - 1;
while (n < len) {
n *= 2;
}
if (Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(n) > maxPow2) {
throw new AssertionError("NTT length exceeds mod - 1 power of two");
}
long[] fa = new long[n];
long[] fb = new long[n];
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
fa[i] = fp.reduce(a[i]);
}
for (int i = 0; i < b.length; i++) {
fb[i] = fp.reduce(b[i]);
}
prepareRoots(n);
fftToBitReversed(fa);
fftToBitReversed(fb);
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
fa[i] = (fa[i] * fb[i]) % mod;
}
ifftFromBitReversed(fa);
return Arrays.copyOf(fa, len);
}
public long[] mulNaive(long[] a, long[] b) {
long[] c = new long[(a.length + b.length) - 1];
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
if (a[i] == 0) {
continue;
}
for (int j = 0; j < b.length; j++) {
if (b[j] == 0) {
continue;
}
c[i + j] = (c[i + j] + (a[i] * b[j])) % mod;
}
}
return c;
}
private long[] mulCRT(long[] a, long[] b) {
int n = a.length;
int m = b.length;
long m1 = 998244353L;
long m2 = 469762049L;
long m3 = 167772161L;
double maxVal = (((double) (Math.min(n, m))) * (mod - 1)) * (mod - 1);
int k_count = 3;
if (maxVal < m1) {
k_count = 1;
} else if (maxVal < (((double) (m1)) * m2)) {
k_count = 2;
}
long[] res1 = MOD998244353.mulFFT(a, b);
if (k_count == 1) {
for (int i = 0; i < res1.length; i++) {
res1[i] %= mod;
}
return res1;
}
long[] res2 = MOD469762049.mulFFT(a, b);
if (k_count == 2) {
int len = res1.length;
long[] res = new long[len];
long[] v = new long[2];
long[] ms = new long[]{ m1, m2 };
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
v[0] = res1[i];
v[1] = res2[i];
res[i] = Zn.crt(v, ms) % mod;
}
return res;
}
long[] res3 = MOD167772161.mulFFT(a, b);
int len = res1.length;
long[] res = new long[len];
long inv123 = MathUtils.modInv(((m1 % m3) * (m2 % m3)) % m3, m3);
long m12m = ((m1 % mod) * (m2 % mod)) % mod;
long[] v = new long[2];
long[] ms = new long[]{ m1, m2 };
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
v[0] = res1[i];
v[1] = res2[i];
long x12 = Zn.crt(v, ms);
long k3 = ((((res3[i] - (x12 % m3)) + m3) % m3) * inv123) % m3;
res[i] = ((x12 % mod) + (((k3 % mod) * m12m) % mod)) % mod;
}
return res;
}
@Override
public long[] mul(long[] a, long[] b) {
if ((a.length == 0) || (b.length == 0)) {
return new long[0];
}
if ((a.length == 1) && (b.length == 1)) {
return new long[]{ (a[0] * b[0]) % mod };
}
int n = a.length;
int m = b.length;
if (((n + m) - 1) <= 128) {
return mulNaive(a, b);
}
int sparseThreshold = 50;
int countB = countTerms(b, sparseThreshold);
if (countB <= sparseThreshold) {
return sparseMul(a, getTerms(b, countB), b.length);
}
int countA = countTerms(a, sparseThreshold);
if (countA <= sparseThreshold) {
return sparseMul(b, getTerms(a, countA), a.length);
}
if ((isNTTFriendly && (((n + m) - 1) > FFT_NAIVE_THRESHOLD)) && (Math.min(n, m) > FFT_MIN_LENGTH_THRESHOLD)) {
return mulFFT(a, b);
} else if ((!isNTTFriendly) && (((n + m) - 1) > 128)) {
return mulCRT(a, b);
}
return mulNaive(a, b);
}
public long[] squared(long[] a) {
if (a.length == 0) {
return new long[0];
}
if (a.length == 1) {
return new long[]{ (a[0] * a[0]) % mod };
}
int len = (2 * a.length) - 1;
if (isNTTFriendly && (len > FFT_NAIVE_THRESHOLD)) {
return squaredFFT(a);
} else if ((!isNTTFriendly) && (len > 128)) {
return mulCRT(a, a);
}
return squaredNaive(a);
}
private long[] squaredFFT(long[] a) {
if (a.length == 0) {
return new long[0];
}
int n = 1;
int len = (2 * a.length) - 1;
while (n < len) {
n *= 2;
}
if (Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(n) > maxPow2) {
throw new AssertionError("NTT length exceeds mod - 1 power of two");
}
long[] fa = new long[n];
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
fa[i] = fp.reduce(a[i]);
}
prepareRoots(n);
fftToBitReversed(fa);
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
fa[i] = (fa[i] * fa[i]) % mod;
}
ifftFromBitReversed(fa);
return Arrays.copyOf(fa, len);
}
public long[] squaredNaive(long[] a) {
int len = (2 * a.length) - 1;
long[] ret = new long[len];
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) {
if (a[i] == 0) {
continue;
}
for (int j = i + 1; j < a.length; ++j) {
if (a[j] == 0) {
continue;
}
ret[i + j] = (ret[i + j] + ((2 * a[i]) * a[j])) % mod;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) {
if (a[i] == 0) {
continue;
}
ret[2 * i] = (ret[2 * i] + (a[i] * a[i])) % mod;
}
return ret;
}
@Override
public long[] zero() {
return new long[0];
}
@Override
public long[] one() {
return new long[]{ 1 };
}
@Override
public long[] add(long[] a, long[] b) {
long[] ret = new long[Math.max(a.length, b.length)];
for (int i = 0; i < ret.length; ++i) {
ret[i] = (i < a.length ? a[i] : 0) + (i < b.length ? b[i] : 0);
if (ret[i] >= mod) {
ret[i] -= mod;
}
}
return ret;
}
@Override
public long[] neg(long[] a) {
long[] ret = new long[a.length];
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
if (a[i] != 0) {
ret[i] = mod - a[i];
}
}
return ret;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(long[] a, long[] b) {
int n = Math.max(a.length, b.length);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
long va = (i < a.length) ? a[i] : 0;
long vb = (i < b.length) ? b[i] : 0;
if (va != vb) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (this == o) {
return true;
}
if ((o == null) || (getClass() != o.getClass())) {
return false;
}
PolynomialFpDynamic that = ((PolynomialFpDynamic) (o));
return mod == that.mod;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return Objects.hash(mod);
}
@Override
public long norm(long[] a) {
return deg(a) + 1;
}
@Override
public long[] canonicalUnit(long[] a) {
int d = deg(a);
if (d == (-1)) {
return one();
}
return new long[]{ a[d] };
}
@Override
public long[] sub(long[] a, long[] b) {
if ((a.length == 1) && (b.length == 1)) {
long diff = a[0] - b[0];
if (diff < 0) {
diff += mod;
}
return new long[]{ diff };
}
long[] ret = new long[Math.max(a.length, b.length)];
for (int i = 0; i < ret.length; ++i) {
ret[i] = (i < a.length ? a[i] : 0) - (i < b.length ? b[i] : 0);
if (ret[i] < 0) {
ret[i] += mod;
}
}
return ret;
}
public int deg(long[] a) {
int n = a.length;
if (n == 0) {
return -1;
}
if (a[n - 1] != 0) {
return n - 1;
}
for (int i = n - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
if (a[i] != 0) {
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
public boolean isZero(long[] f) {
return deg(f) == (-1);
}
public long[] resize(long[] a) {
return Arrays.copyOf(a, Math.max(0, deg(a)) + 1);
}
public long[] monic(long[] a) {
int deg = deg(a);
if (deg == (-1)) {
return new long[0];
}
if (deg == 0) {
return new long[]{ 1 };
}
long inv = fp.inv(a[deg]);
long[] res = new long[deg + 1];
for (int i = 0; i < deg; i++) {
res[i] = (a[i] * inv) % mod;
}
res[deg] = 1;
return res;
}
public long[] divNaive(long[] a, long[] b) {
int degA = deg(a);
int degB = deg(b);
if (degB == (-1)) {
throw new ArithmeticException("division by zero polynomial");
}
if (degA < degB) {
return new long[]{ 0 };
}
long[] r = Arrays.copyOf(a, degA + 1);
long[] q = new long[(degA - degB) + 1];
long invB = fp.inv(b[degB]);
for (int i = degA; i >= degB; i--) {
if (r[i] == 0) {
continue;
}
long c = (r[i] * invB) % mod;
q[i - degB] = c;
for (int j = 0; j <= degB; j++) {
r[(i - degB) + j] -= (c * b[j]) % mod;
if (r[(i - degB) + j] < 0) {
r[(i - degB) + j] += mod;
}
}
}
return resize(q);
}
public long[] modNaive(long[] a, long[] b) {
int degA = deg(a);
int degB = deg(b);
if (degB == (-1)) {
throw new ArithmeticException("division by zero polynomial");
}
if (degA < degB) {
return resize(a);
}
long[] r = Arrays.copyOf(a, degA + 1);
long invB = fp.inv(b[degB]);
for (int i = degA; i >= degB; i--) {
if (r[i] == 0) {
continue;
}
long c = (r[i] * invB) % mod;
for (int j = 0; j <= degB; j++) {
r[(i - degB) + j] -= (c * b[j]) % mod;
if (r[(i - degB) + j] < 0) {
r[(i - degB) + j] += mod;
}
}
}
return resize(r);
}
public static class DivModResult {
public long[] q;
public long[] r;
public DivModResult(long[] q, long[] r) {
this.q = q;
this.r = r;
}
}
public DivModResult divmod(long[] a, long[] b) {
var q = div(a, b);
var r = sub(a, mul(q, b));
r = resize(r);
return new DivModResult(q, r);
}
public long[] gcdNaive(long[] a, long[] b) {
a = resize(a);
b = resize(b);
while (deg(b) != (-1)) {
long[] r = modNaive(a, b);
a = b;
b = r;
}
return monic(a);
}
public long[] differentiate(long[] a) {
long[] ret = new long[a.length];
for (int i = 1; i < a.length; ++i) {
ret[i - 1] = (i * a[i]) % mod;
}
return ret;
}
public long[] integrate(long[] a) {
long[] ret = new long[a.length];
for (int i = 0; (i + 1) < a.length; ++i) {
ret[i + 1] = (MathUtils.modInv(i + 1, mod) * a[i]) % mod;
}
return ret;
}
public long[] invNaive(long[] a) {
long[] g = new long[a.length];
long inv0 = MathUtils.modInv(a[0], mod);
g[0] = inv0;
for (int i = 1; i < a.length; i++) {
long sum = 0;
for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
if (j < a.length) {
sum = (sum + (a[j] * g[i - j])) % mod;
}
}
g[i] = (sum == 0) ? 0 : (((mod - sum) % mod) * inv0) % mod;
}
return g;
}
public long[] invFFT(long[] a) {
long[] g = new long[]{ MathUtils.modInv(a[0], mod) };
for (int len = 1; len < a.length; len *= 2) {
long[] fftG = Arrays.copyOf(g, len * 4);
long[] fftA = new long[4 * len];
System.arraycopy(a, 0, fftA, 0, Math.min(2 * len, a.length));
prepareRoots(4 * len);
fftToBitReversed(fftG);
fftToBitReversed(fftA);
for (int i = 0; i < fftG.length; ++i) {
fftG[i] = (((fftG[i] * fftG[i]) % mod) * fftA[i]) % mod;
}
ifftFromBitReversed(fftG);
for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
fftG[i] = g[i];
}
for (int i = len; i < (2 * len); ++i) {
if (fftG[i] != 0) {
fftG[i] = mod - fftG[i];
}
}
g = Arrays.copyOf(fftG, Math.min(a.length, 2 * len));
}
return g;
}
public long[] inv(long[] a) {
return isNTTFriendly ? invFFT(a) : invNaive(a);
}
public long[] log(long[] a) {
return integrate(Arrays.copyOf(mul(differentiate(a), inv(a)), a.length));
}
public long[] expNaive(long[] a) {
if (a[0] != 0) {
throw new AssertionError();
}
int n = a.length;
long[] g = new long[n];
long[] df = new long[n];
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
df[i] = (i * a[i]) % mod;
}
g[0] = 1;
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
long sum = 0;
for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
sum = (sum + (df[j] * g[i - j])) % mod;
}
g[i] = (sum * fp.inv(i)) % mod;
}
return g;
}
public long[] expFFT(long[] a) {
if (a[0] != 0) {
throw new AssertionError();
}
long[] g = new long[]{ 1 };
for (int len = 1; len < a.length; len *= 2) {
long[] tmp = sub(Arrays.copyOf(a, Math.min(2 * len, a.length)), log(Arrays.copyOf(g, Math.min(2 * len, a.length))));
tmp[0] = addMod(tmp[0], 1);
g = Arrays.copyOf(mul(g, tmp), Math.min(2 * len, a.length));
}
return Arrays.copyOf(g, a.length);
}
public long[] exp(long[] a) {
return isNTTFriendly ? expFFT(a) : expNaive(a);
}
public long[] mul(long[] a, long b) {
long[] ret = new long[a.length];
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
ret[i] = (a[i] * b) % mod;
}
return ret;
}
public long[] pow(long[] a, long m) {
int len = a.length;
if (m == 0) {
long[] ret = new long[len];
ret[0] = 1;
return ret;
}
if (m == 1) {
return a.clone();
}
if (m == 2) {
return squared(a);
}
int s = 0;
while ((s < a.length) && (a[s] == 0)) {
++s;
}
if (s == a.length) {
return a.clone();
}
long[] aa = (s != 0) ? Arrays.copyOfRange(a, s, a.length) : a.clone();
long b = MathUtils.modInv(aa[0], mod);
for (int i = 0; i < aa.length; i++) {
aa[i] = (b * aa[i]) % mod;
}
aa = log(aa);
for (int i = 0; i < aa.length; i++) {
aa[i] = ((m % mod) * aa[i]) % mod;
}
aa = exp(aa);
b = MathUtils.modPow(MathUtils.modInv(b, mod), m % (mod - 1), mod);
for (int i = 0; i < aa.length; i++) {
aa[i] = (b * aa[i]) % mod;
}
long[] ret = new long[len];
if (s <= ((len - 1) / m)) {
for (long i = ((long) (s)) * m; (i < len) && ((i - (s * m)) < aa.length); ++i) {
ret[((int) (i))] = aa[((int) (i - (s * m)))];
}
}
return ret;
}
public long[] negatedX(long[] f) {
long[] g = Arrays.copyOf(f, f.length);
for (int i = 1; i < g.length; i += 2) {
if (g[i] != 0) {
g[i] = mod - g[i];
}
}
return g;
}
public long[] divideByX(long[] f, int repeat) {
return Arrays.copyOfRange(f, repeat, f.length);
}
public long[] evenMul(long[] f) {
if (f.length == 1) {
return new long[]{ (f[0] * f[0]) % mod };
}
if ((!isNTTFriendly) || (((f.length + f.length) - 1) <= FFT_NAIVE_THRESHOLD)) {
long[] ret = new long[(2 * f.length) - 1];
for (int i = 0; i < f.length; i += 2) {
for (int j = i + 2; j < f.length; j += 2) {
ret[i + j] = (ret[i + j] + ((f[i] * f[j]) * 2)) % mod;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < f.length; i += 2) {
ret[2 * i] = (ret[2 * i] + (f[i] * f[i])) % mod;
}
for (int i = 1; i < f.length; i += 2) {
for (int j = i + 2; j < f.length; j += 2) {
ret[i + j] = ((ret[i + j] + mod) - (((f[i] * f[j]) * 2) % mod)) % mod;
}
}
for (int i = 1; i < f.length; i += 2) {
ret[2 * i] = ((ret[2 * i] + mod) - ((f[i] * f[i]) % mod)) % mod;
}
return ret;
}
int n = 1;
while (n < ((f.length + f.length) - 1)) {
n *= 2;
}
prepareRoots(n);
prepareRoots(n / 2);
long[] fft = Arrays.copyOf(f, n);
for (int i = 0; i < fft.length; i++) {
fft[i] = fp.reduce(fft[i]);
}
fftToBitReversed(fft);
long[] fft2 = new long[n];
for (int i = 0; i < fft.length; i++) {
fft2[i] = fft[(i ^ 1) % n];
}
for (int i = 0; (2 * i) < fft.length; i++) {
fft[i] = (fft[2 * i] * fft2[2 * i]) % mod;
}
fft = Arrays.copyOf(fft, n / 2);
ifftFromBitReversed(fft);
long[] ret = new long[(f.length + f.length) - 1];
for (int i = 0; (2 * i) < ret.length; i++) {
ret[2 * i] = fft[i];
}
return ret;
}
public long nth(long n, long[] numerator, long[] denominator) {
if (numerator.length == 0) {
return 0;
}
if (denominator[0] != 1) {
throw new AssertionError();
}
while (n != 0) {
long[] a = Arrays.copyOf(denominator, denominator.length);
for (int i = 1; i < a.length; i += 2) {
if (a[i] != 0) {
a[i] = mod - a[i];
}
}
numerator = mul(numerator, a);
denominator = evenMul(denominator);
long[] num2 = new long[(numerator.length + 1) / 2];
long[] den2 = new long[(denominator.length + 1) / 2];
for (int i = ((int) (n % 2)); i < numerator.length; i += 2) {
num2[i / 2] = numerator[i];
}
for (int i = 0; i < denominator.length; i += 2) {
den2[i / 2] = denominator[i];
}
numerator = num2;
denominator = den2;
n /= 2;
}
return (numerator[0] + mod) % mod;
}
@Override
public long[] exactDiv(long[] a, long[] b) {
return div(a, b);
}
@Override
public long[] div(long[] a, long[] b) {
if (b.length == 1) {
if (b[0] == 0) {
throw new ArithmeticException("Division by zero");
}
if (b[0] == 1) {
return a.clone();
}
long inv = fp.inv(b[0]);
long[] res = new long[a.length];
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
res[i] = (a[i] * inv) % mod;
}
return res;
}
int degA = deg(a);
int degB = deg(b);
if ((isNTTFriendly && (((degA - degB) + 1) > FFT_NAIVE_THRESHOLD)) && (degB >= 10)) {
return divFast(a, b);
}
return divNaive(a, b);
}
public long[] divFast(long[] a, long[] b) {
int degA = deg(a);
int degB = deg(b);
if (degA < degB) {
return new long[]{ 0 };
}
long[] ra = resize(a);
long[] rb = resize(b);
ArrayUtils.reverse(ra);
ArrayUtils.reverse(rb);
rb = Arrays.copyOf(rb, degA + 1);
long[] q = mul(ra, inv(rb));
q = Arrays.copyOf(q, (degA - degB) + 1);
ArrayUtils.reverse(q);
return q;
}
@Override
public long[] mod(long[] a, long[] b) {
int degA = deg(a);
int degB = deg(b);
if (isNTTFriendly && (((degA - degB) + 1) > FFT_NAIVE_THRESHOLD)) {
return modFast(a, b);
}
return modNaive(a, b);
}
public long[] modFast(long[] a, long[] b) {
long[] q = divFast(a, b);
return resize(sub(a, mul(b, q)));
}
public class HalfGcdResult {
public long[] p00;
public long[] p01;
public long[] p10;
public long[] p11;
public HalfGcdResult(long[] p00, long[] p01, long[] p10, long[] p11) {
this.p00 = p00;
this.p01 = p01;
this.p10 = p10;
this.p11 = p11;
}
public long[][] apply(long[] a, long[] b) {
return new long[][]{ resize(add(mul(p00, a), mul(p01, b))), resize(add(mul(p10, a), mul(p11, b))) };
}
HalfGcdResult swapColumns() {
return new HalfGcdResult(p01, p00, p11, p10);
}
}
HalfGcdResult identityMatrix() {
return new HalfGcdResult(new long[]{ 1 }, new long[]{ 0 }, new long[]{ 0 }, new long[]{ 1 });
}
HalfGcdResult leftMulEuclideanStep(HalfGcdResult mat, long[] q) {
return new HalfGcdResult(mat.p10, mat.p11, sub(mat.p00, mul(q, mat.p10)), sub(mat.p01, mul(q, mat.p11)));
}
HalfGcdResult multiplyMatrix(HalfGcdResult a, HalfGcdResult b) {
return new HalfGcdResult(resize(add(mul(a.p00, b.p00), mul(a.p01, b.p10))), resize(add(mul(a.p00, b.p01), mul(a.p01, b.p11))), resize(add(mul(a.p10, b.p00), mul(a.p11, b.p10))), resize(add(mul(a.p10, b.p01), mul(a.p11, b.p11))));
}
HalfGcdResult halfGcdNaiveOrdered(long[] a, long[] b) {
int threshold = deg(a) / 2;
HalfGcdResult mat = identityMatrix();
while (deg(b) > threshold) {
DivModResult dm = divmod(a, b);
mat = leftMulEuclideanStep(mat, dm.q);
a = b;
b = dm.r;
}
return mat;
}
public HalfGcdResult halfGcd(long[] a, long[] b) {
a = resize(a);
b = resize(b);
int degA = deg(a);
int degB = deg(b);
if (degB == (-1)) {
return identityMatrix();
}
if (degA < degB) {
return halfGcd(b, a).swapColumns();
}
if (degB <= (degA / 2)) {
return identityMatrix();
}
if (degA <= 128) {
return halfGcdNaiveOrdered(a, b);
}
int threshold = degA / 2;
int shift = (degA + 1) / 2;
HalfGcdResult mat = halfGcd(divideByX(a, shift), divideByX(b, shift));
long[][] cd = mat.apply(a, b);
long[] c = cd[0];
long[] d = cd[1];
if (deg(d) <= threshold) {
return mat;
}
DivModResult dm = divmod(c, d);
mat = leftMulEuclideanStep(mat, dm.q);
c = d;
d = dm.r;
if (deg(d) <= threshold) {
return mat;
}
int secondShift = (2 * threshold) - deg(c);
if (secondShift < 0) {
throw new AssertionError();
}
return multiplyMatrix(halfGcd(divideByX(c, secondShift), divideByX(d, secondShift)), mat);
}
@Override
public long[] gcd(long[] a, long[] b) {
int degA = deg(a);
int degB = deg(b);
if (degA == (-1)) {
return monic(b);
}
if (degB == (-1)) {
return monic(a);
}
if ((degA == 0) || (degB == 0)) {
return new long[]{ 1 };
}
a = resize(a);
b = resize(b);
if (degA < degB) {
long[] t = a;
a = b;
b = t;
}
while (deg(b) != (-1)) {
if ((!isNTTFriendly) || (Math.max(deg(a), deg(b)) <= 3072)) {
return gcdNaive(a, b);
}
HalfGcdResult mat = halfGcd(a, b);
long[][] cd = mat.apply(a, b);
a = cd[0];
b = cd[1];
if (deg(b) == (-1)) {
break;
}
DivModResult dm = divmod(a, b);
a = b;
b = dm.r;
if (deg(a) < deg(b)) {
long[] t = a;
a = b;
b = t;
}
}
return monic(a);
}
@Override
public EuclideanDomainStrategy.ExtGCDResult<long[]> extgcd(long[] f, long[] g) {
f = resize(f);
g = resize(g);
long[] a = f;
long[] b = g;
long[] x0 = new long[]{ 1 };
long[] y0 = new long[]{ 0 };
long[] x1 = new long[]{ 0 };
long[] y1 = new long[]{ 1 };
if (Math.max(deg(a), deg(b)) <= 3072) {
while (deg(b) != (-1)) {
DivModResult dm = divmod(a, b);
long[] nx = sub(x0, mul(dm.q, x1));
long[] ny = sub(y0, mul(dm.q, y1));
a = b;
b = dm.r;
x0 = x1;
y0 = y1;
x1 = resize(nx);
y1 = resize(ny);
}
} else {
if (deg(a) < deg(b)) {
long[] t = a;
a = b;
b = t;
t = x0;
x0 = x1;
x1 = t;
t = y0;
y0 = y1;
y1 = t;
}
while (deg(b) != (-1)) {
HalfGcdResult mat = halfGcd(a, b);
long[][] cd = mat.apply(a, b);
long[] nx0 = resize(add(mul(mat.p00, x0), mul(mat.p01, x1)));
long[] ny0 = resize(add(mul(mat.p00, y0), mul(mat.p01, y1)));
long[] nx1 = resize(add(mul(mat.p10, x0), mul(mat.p11, x1)));
long[] ny1 = resize(add(mul(mat.p10, y0), mul(mat.p11, y1)));
a = cd[0];
b = cd[1];
x0 = nx0;
y0 = ny0;
x1 = nx1;
y1 = ny1;
if (deg(b) == (-1)) {
break;
}
DivModResult dm = divmod(a, b);
nx1 = resize(sub(x0, mul(dm.q, x1)));
ny1 = resize(sub(y0, mul(dm.q, y1)));
a = b;
b = dm.r;
x0 = x1;
y0 = y1;
x1 = nx1;
y1 = ny1;
if (deg(a) < deg(b)) {
long[] t = a;
a = b;
b = t;
t = x0;
x0 = x1;
x1 = t;
t = y0;
y0 = y1;
y1 = t;
}
}
}
a = resize(a);
int d = deg(a);
if (d == (-1)) {
return new EuclideanDomainStrategy.ExtGCDResult<>(new long[]{ 0 }, new long[]{ 0 }, new long[]{ 0 });
}
long inv = MathUtils.modInv(a[d], mod);
return new EuclideanDomainStrategy.ExtGCDResult<>(resize(mul(x0, inv)), resize(mul(y0, inv)), resize(mul(a, inv)));
}
public long[] solveLinearCongruence(long[] a, long[] b, long[] c) {
a = resize(a);
b = resize(b);
c = resize(c);
if (isZero(c)) {
throw new ArithmeticException("modulo by zero polynomial");
}
EuclideanDomainStrategy.ExtGCDResult<long[]> res = extgcd(a, c);
long[] g = res.gcd();
DivModResult dmB = divmod(b, g);
if (!isZero(dmB.r)) {
return null;
}
long[] q = dmB.q;
long[] modulus = div(c, g);
if (deg(modulus) == 0) {
return new long[0];
}
long[] particular = mul(q, res.x());
return mod(particular, modulus);
}
public record Term(int d, long v) {}
public long[] sparseMul(long[] a, ArrayList<Term> sparseTerms, int sparseLen) {
if ((a.length == 0) || (sparseLen == 0)) {
return new long[0];
}
long[] res = new long[(a.length + sparseLen) - 1];
if (sparseTerms.isEmpty()) {
return res;
}
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
long v = fp.reduce(a[i]);
if (v == 0) {
continue;
}
for (Term t : sparseTerms) {
res[i + t.d] = (res[i + t.d] + (v * t.v)) % mod;
}
}
return res;
}
public ArrayList<Term> getTerms(long[] p, int initialCapacity) {
ArrayList<Term> terms = new ArrayList<>(initialCapacity);
for (int i = 0; i < p.length; i++) {
long v = fp.reduce(p[i]);
if (v != 0) {
terms.add(new Term(i, v));
}
}
return terms;
}
private long[] consecutiveTermsOfInv(long[] F, long l, long r) {
if ((F.length == 0) || (fp.reduce(F[0]) != 1)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("F[0] must be congruent to 1");
}
int d = deg(F);
if (d == (-1)) {
throw new ArithmeticException("Division by zero polynomial");
}
if (l >= r) {
return new long[0];
}
if ((d == 0) || (r <= 0)) {
long[] res = new long[((int) (r - l))];
if (r == 0) {
res[((int) ((-l) - 1))] = 1;
}
return res;
}
long[] F_neg = negatedX(F);
long[] prod = mul(F, F_neg);
long[] V = new long[(prod.length + 1) / 2];
for (int i = 0; i < V.length; i++) {
V[i] = prod[2 * i];
}
long lPrime = Math.ceilDiv((l - 1) - d, 2);
long rPrime = Math.floorDiv(r, 2);
long[] C = consecutiveTermsOfInv(V, lPrime, rPrime);
int bSize = ((int) (r - (l - d)));
long[] B = new long[bSize];
for (int i = 0; i < C.length; i++) {
long degree = 2 * ((lPrime + 1) + i);
int idx = ((int) (degree - ((l - d) + 1)));
if ((0 <= idx) && (idx < bSize)) {
B[idx] = C[i];
}
}
int size = ((int) (r - l));
long[] G = negatedX(F);
long[] conv = mul(G, B);
if (conv.length == size) {
return conv;
} else {
return Arrays.copyOfRange(conv, d, d + size);
}
}
public long[] xpowMod(long k, long[] F) {
if (k < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("k must be non-negative");
}
int d = deg(F);
if (d == (-1)) {
throw new ArithmeticException("Division by zero polynomial");
}
if (d == 0) {
return new long[0];
}
if (k < d) {
long[] res = new long[((int) (k)) + 1];
res[((int) (k))] = 1;
return res;
}
long[] F_rev = F.clone();
ArrayUtils.reverse(F_rev);
long fd = fp.reduce(F[d]);
long inv_fd = fp.inv(fd);
long[] G = new long[d + 1];
for (int i = 0; i <= d; i++) {
G[i] = (F_rev[i] * inv_fd) % mod;
if (G[i] < 0) {
G[i] += mod;
}
}
long[] terms = consecutiveTermsOfInv(G, k - d, k + 1);
for (int i = 0; i < terms.length; i++) {
terms[i] = (terms[i] * inv_fd) % mod;
}
long[] R_rev = mul(terms, F_rev);
long[] ret = new long[d];
for (int i = 0; i < R_rev.length; i++) {
if (((d - 1) - i) >= 0) {
ret[i] = R_rev[(d - 1) - i];
}
}
return resize(ret);
}
public long[] geometricSumMod(long k, long[] F) {
if (k < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("k must be non-negative");
}
int d = deg(F);
if (d == (-1)) {
throw new ArithmeticException("Division by zero polynomial");
}
if (d == 0) {
return new long[0];
}
if (k < d) {
long[] res = new long[((int) (k))];
Arrays.fill(res, 1);
return res;
}
long[] P = new long[d + 2];
for (int i = 0; i <= (d + 1); i++) {
long f_prev = ((i > 0) && ((i - 1) <= d)) ? F[i - 1] : 0;
long f_curr = (i <= d) ? F[i] : 0;
P[i] = (f_prev - f_curr) % mod;
if (P[i] < 0) {
P[i] += mod;
}
}
long[] A = xpowMod(k, P);
int len = Math.max(1, A.length);
long[] R = new long[len];
System.arraycopy(A, 0, R, 0, A.length);
R[0] = ((R[0] - 1) + mod) % mod;
long[] T = new long[R.length - 1];
long cur = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < T.length; i++) {
cur = (cur - R[i]) % mod;
if (cur < 0) {
cur += mod;
}
T[i] = cur;
}
return resize(T);
}
public long solveCyclicCongruencePoint(long[] A, long N, long[] BA, long[] BleqR_modA, long R) {
if (N <= 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("N must be positive");
}
if ((A.length == 0) || (fp.reduce(A[0]) == 0)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("A(0) must be non-zero");
}
int k = deg(A);
if (k <= 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("deg(A) must be positive");
}
if ((R < 0) || (R >= N)) {
return 0L;
}
long[] r = xpowMod(N, A);
long[] r_minus_1 = r.clone();
if (r_minus_1.length == 0) {
r_minus_1 = new long[]{ 0 };
}
r_minus_1[0] = subMod(r_minus_1[0], 1);
long[] Q = solveLinearCongruence(r_minus_1, neg(BA), A);
if (Q == null) {
throw new ArithmeticException("No solution for Q exists");
}
long[] R0 = sub(BleqR_modA, Q);
long invA0 = fp.inv(fp.reduce(A[0]));
long[] normA = mul(A, invA0);
long[] normR0 = mul(R0, invA0);
return nth(R, normR0, normA);
}
}
interface RingStrategy<T> extends SemiRingStrategy<T> {
T neg(T a);
default T sub(T a, T b) {
return add(a, neg(b));
}
}
interface SemiRingStrategy<T> {
T zero();
T one();
T add(T a, T b);
T mul(T a, T b);
boolean equals(T a, T b);
default T pow(T a, long n) {
if (n < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Exponent must be non-negative");
}
T res = one();
T base = a;
while (n > 0) {
if ((n & 1) == 1) {
res = mul(res, base);
}
base = mul(base, base);
n >>= 1;
}
return res;
}
default boolean isZero(T a) {
return equals(zero(), a);
}
default boolean isOne(T a) {
return equals(one(), a);
}
default int hashCode(T a) {
return Objects.hashCode(a);
}
}
interface UFDStrategy<T> extends GCDDomainStrategy<T> {}
class Zn implements LongCommutativeRingStrategy {
final long mod;
public Zn(long mod) {
this.mod = mod;
}
@Override
public long zero() {
return 0;
}
@Override
public long one() {
return 1 % mod;
}
public long pow(long a, long n) {
if (n < 0) {
throw new AssertionError();
}
return MathUtils.modPow(a, n, mod);
}
public static long crt(long[] a, long[] m) {
int N = a.length;
long fac = 1;
long x = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
Fp mo = new Fp(m[i]);
long c = mo.reduce((a[i] % m[i]) - (x % m[i])) * MathUtils.modInv(fac % m[i], m[i]);
c = mo.reduce(c);
x = x + (fac * c);
fac *= m[i];
}
return x;
}
@Override
public long add(long a, long b) {
long ret = (a + b) % mod;
if (ret < 0) {
ret += mod;
}
return ret;
}
public long sub(long a, long b) {
long ret = (a - b) % mod;
if (ret < 0) {
ret += mod;
}
return ret;
}
@Override
public long mul(long a, long b) {
return (a * b) % mod;
}
@Override
public long neg(long a) {
return a == 0 ? 0 : mod - a;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(long a, long b) {
return a == b;
}
public long reduce(long a) {
a %= mod;
if (a < 0) {
a += mod;
}
return a;
}
}