#define INF 4'000'000'000'000'000'037LL // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/template/template_all.hpp // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/template/template_all_but_modint.hpp // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/template/template_types.hpp #include namespace { using namespace std; using ll = long long; using uint = unsigned int; using ull = unsigned long long; using pll = pair; #define vc vector template using vvc = vc>; using i128 = __int128_t; using u128 = __uint128_t; #define cauto const auto // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/template/template_rep.hpp #define overload4(_1,_2,_3,_4,name,...) name #define repi1(i,n) for (int i = 0, nnnnn = int(n); i < nnnnn; i++) #define repi2(i,l,r) for (int i = int(l), rrrrr = int(r); i < rrrrr; i++) #define repi3(i,l,r,d) for (int i = int(l), rrrrr = int(r), ddddd = int(d); ddddd > 0 ? i < rrrrr : i > rrrrr; i += d) #define repi(...) overload4(__VA_ARGS__, repi3, repi2, repi1)(__VA_ARGS__) #define fec(...) for (cauto &__VA_ARGS__) #define fem(...) for (auto &__VA_ARGS__) // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/template/template_math.hpp // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/utils/is_integral_ext.hpp template constexpr bool is_integral_ext = is_integral_v || is_same_v || is_same_v; template constexpr bool is_signed_ext = is_signed_v || is_same_v; template constexpr bool is_unsigned_ext = is_unsigned_v || is_same_v; template inline bool chmin(T &a, U b) { return a > b ? a = b, true : false; } template && is_integral_ext>> inline constexpr T divfloor(U a, V b) { return T(a) / T(b) - (T(a) % T(b) && (T(a) ^ T(b)) < 0); } template && is_integral_ext>> inline constexpr T divround(U a, V b) { return divfloor(2 * T(a) + T(b), 2 * T(b)); } template && is_integral_ext>> inline constexpr T safemod(U a, V b) { return T(a) - T(b) * divfloor(a, b); } template constexpr T ipow(U a, V b) { assert(b >= 0); if (b == 0) return 1; if (a == 0 || a == 1) return a; if (a < 0 && a == -1) return b & 1 ? -1 : 1; T res = 1, tmp = a; while (true) { if (b & 1) res *= tmp; b >>= 1; if (b == 0) break; tmp *= tmp; } return res; } template T mul_limited(A a, B b, M m) { assert(a >= 0 && b >= 0 && m >= 0); if (b == 0) return 0; return T(a) > T(m) / T(b) ? T(m) : T(a) * T(b); } template T mul_limited(A a, B b) { return mul_limited(a, b, INF); } template T pow_limited(A a, B b, M m) { assert(a >= 0 && b >= 0 && m >= 0); if (a <= 1 || b == 0) return min(ipow(a, b), T(m)); T res = 1, tmp = a; while (true) { if (b & 1) { if (res > T(m) / tmp) return m; res *= tmp; } b >>= 1; if (b == 0) break; if (tmp > T(m) / tmp) return m; tmp *= tmp; } return res; } template T pow_limited(A a, B b) { return pow_limited(a, b, INF); } template vc base_repr(U val, V base, int n) { assert(val >= 0); assert(base >= 2); assert(n >= 0); vc a(n); repi(i, n) { a[i] = val % base; val /= base; } reverse(a.begin(), a.end()); return a; } // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/template/template_vector.hpp #define ALL(a) (a).begin(), (a).end() template inline T SZ(const V &x) { return x.size(); } #define eb emplace_back template auto dvec(const V (&sz)[d], const T &init) { if constexpr (i < d) return vc(sz[i], dvec(sz, init)); else return init; } // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/template/template_algo.hpp // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/utils/resolved_value.hpp template , long> = 0> const T &resolved_value() { static const T value = T(x()); return value; } template vc permuted(const vc &a, const vc &p) { const int n = p.size(); vc res(n); repi(i, n) { assert(0 <= p[i] && p[i] < U(a.size())); res[i] = a[p[i]]; } return res; } template vc permuted(const vc &p, const vc &q, const vc &...rs) { return permuted(permuted(p, q), rs...); } template > void unique(V &v, Equal equal = {}) { v.erase(std::unique(ALL(v), equal), v.end()); } template void rotate(V &v, U k) { const U n = v.size(); if (n == 0) return; k = (k % n + n) % n; std::rotate(v.begin(), v.begin() + k, v.end()); } template vvc top(const vvc &a) { if (a.empty()) return {}; const int n = a.size(), m = a[0].size(); vvc b(m, vc(n)); repi(i, n) { assert(SZ(a[i]) == m); repi(j, m) b[j][i] = a[i][j]; } return b; } template struct has_e0 : false_type {}; template struct has_e0> : true_type {}; template inline constexpr bool has_e0_v = has_e0::value; namespace internal { template struct HasMonoidPow : false_type { }; template struct HasMonoidPow(), declval()))>> : true_type { }; } constexpr array DRULgrid = {{{1, 0}, {0, 1}, {-1, 0}, {0, -1}}}; constexpr array DRULplane = {{{0, -1}, {1, 0}, {0, 1}, {-1, 0}}}; // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/template/template_binsearch.hpp template struct is_random_access_iterator { static constexpr bool value = is_same_v< typename iterator_traits::iterator_category, random_access_iterator_tag >; }; template constexpr bool is_random_access_iterator_v = is_random_access_iterator::value; namespace internal { }; // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/template/template_bit.hpp template inline constexpr ull MASK(T k) { return (1ULL << k) - 1ULL; } inline constexpr ll countr_zero(ll x) { assert(x != 0); return std::countr_zero((ull)x); } // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/template/template_inout.hpp // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/template/template_dump.hpp #define dump(...) #define local(...) #define oj(...) __VA_ARGS__ template vc content(queue que) { vc res; while (!que.empty()) { res.eb(que.front()); que.pop(); } return res; } template vc content(priority_queue pque) { vc res; while (!pque.empty()) { res.eb(pque.top()); pque.pop(); } return res; } template auto content(const T &obj) { return obj.content(); } namespace fastio { template struct unsigned_integer { using type = make_unsigned_t; }; template <> struct unsigned_integer { using type = u128; }; template <> struct unsigned_integer { using type = u128; }; template using unsigned_integer_t = typename unsigned_integer::type; static constexpr uint32_t SIZ = 1 << 17; char ibuf[SIZ]; char obuf[SIZ]; char out[100]; uint32_t pil = 0, pir = 0, por = 0; struct Pre { char num[10000][4]; constexpr Pre() : num() { for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) { int n = i; for (int j = 3; j >= 0; j--) { num[i][j] = n % 10 | '0'; n /= 10; } } } } constexpr pre; inline void load() { memcpy(ibuf, ibuf + pil, pir - pil); pir = pir - pil + fread(ibuf + pir - pil, 1, SIZ - pir + pil, stdin); pil = 0; if (pir < SIZ) ibuf[pir++] = '\n'; } inline void flush() { fwrite(obuf, 1, por, stdout); por = 0; } template void rd1_integer(T &x) { using U = unsigned_integer_t; bool minus = false; U val = 0; if constexpr (check_buffer) if (pil + 100 > pir) load(); uint32_t p = pil; while (ibuf[p] < '-') ++p; if constexpr (is_signed::value || is_same_v) { if (ibuf[p] == '-') minus = true, ++p; } while ('0' <= ibuf[p]) val = val * 10 + (ibuf[p++] & 15); pil = p; if constexpr (is_signed::value || is_same_v) { if (minus) { const U min_abs = U(numeric_limits::max()) + 1; x = val == min_abs ? numeric_limits::lowest() : -T(val); } else x = T(val); } else x = T(val); } void rd1(ll &x) { rd1_integer(x); } template void rd1(pair &p) { return rd1(p.first), rd1(p.second); } template void rd1(tuple &tpl) { apply([](auto &...x) { (rd1(x), ...); }, tpl); } template void rd1(array &x) { for (auto &d: x) rd1(d); } template void rd1(vc &x) { for (auto &d: x) rd1(d); } template void read(T &...x) { if constexpr (sizeof...(T) <= SIZ / 100 && ((!is_same_v && (is_integral_v || is_same_v || is_same_v)) && ...)) { if (pil + 100 * sizeof...(T) > pir) load(); (rd1_integer(x), ...); } else (rd1(x), ...); } void wt1(const char c) { if (por == SIZ) flush(); obuf[por++] = c; } template void wt1_integer(T x) { if (por > SIZ - 100) flush(); using U = unsigned_integer_t; U ux; if constexpr (is_signed::value || is_same_v) { if (x < 0) obuf[por++] = '-', ux = U(0) - U(x); else ux = U(x); } else ux = x; int outi; for (outi = 96; ux >= 10000; outi -= 4) { memcpy(out + outi, pre.num[ux % 10000], 4); ux /= 10000; } if (ux >= 1000) { memcpy(obuf + por, pre.num[ux], 4); por += 4; } else if (ux >= 100) { memcpy(obuf + por, pre.num[ux] + 1, 3); por += 3; } else if (ux >= 10) { int q = (ux * 103) >> 10; obuf[por] = q | '0'; obuf[por + 1] = (ux - q * 10) | '0'; por += 2; } else obuf[por++] = ux | '0'; memcpy(obuf + por, out + outi + 4, 96 - outi); por += 96 - outi; } void wt1(int x) { wt1_integer(x); } template , int> = 0> void wt1(T x) { wt1_integer(x); } template void wt1(const pair &val) { wt1(val.first); wt1(' '); wt1(val.second); } template void wt1(const tuple &tpl) { if constexpr (sizeof...(T)) { int i = 0; apply([&](const auto &...x) { ((i++ ? wt1(' ') : void(), wt1(x)), ...); }, tpl); } } template void wt1(const array &val) { auto n = val.size(); for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) { if (i) wt1(' '); wt1(val[i]); } } template void wt1(const vector &val) { auto n = val.size(); for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) { if (i) wt1(' '); wt1(val[i]); } } template void write(T &&...x) { (wt1(std::forward(x)), ...); } template void print(T &&...x) { if constexpr (sizeof...(T)) { int i = 0; ((i++ ? wt1(' ') : void(), wt1(std::forward(x))), ...); } wt1('\n'); } } struct Dummy { Dummy() { atexit(fastio::flush); } } dummy; namespace internal { template void READnodump(Ts &...a) { fastio::read(a...); } template void READVECnodump(int n, vc &...v) { (v.resize(n), ...); READnodump(v...); } }; #define READ(...) internal::READnodump(__VA_ARGS__); dump(__VA_ARGS__) #define IN(T,...) T __VA_ARGS__; READ(__VA_ARGS__) #define LL(...) IN(ll, __VA_ARGS__) #define READVEC(...) internal::READVECnodump(__VA_ARGS__); dump(__VA_ARGS__) #define VEC(T,n,...) vc __VA_ARGS__; READVEC(n, __VA_ARGS__) #define PRINT fastio::print template pair &operator+=(pair &a, const P &b) { a.first += b.first; a.second += b.second; return a; } template pair operator+(pair a, const P &b) { return a += b; } template pair &operator-=(pair &a, const P &b) { a.first -= b.first; a.second -= b.second; return a; } template pair operator-(pair a, const P &b) { return a -= b; } template pair operator-(pair a) { a.first = -a.first; a.second = -a.second; return a; } template array &operator+=(array &a, const A &b) { for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) a[i] += b[i]; return a; } template array operator+(array a, const A &b) { return a += b; } template array &operator-=(array &a, const A &b) { for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) a[i] -= b[i]; return a; } template array operator-(array a, const A &b) { return a -= b; } template array operator-(array a) { for (auto &ai : a) ai = -ai; return a; } namespace internal { template auto &tuple_add_impl(A &a, const B &b, const index_sequence) { ((get(a) += get(b)), ...); return a; } template auto &tuple_sub_impl(A &a, const B &b, const index_sequence) { ((get(a) -= get(b)), ...); return a; } template auto &tuple_neg_impl(A &a, const index_sequence) { ((get(a) = -get(a)), ...); return a; } }; template tuple &operator+=(tuple &a, const Tp &b) { return internal::tuple_add_impl(a, b, make_index_sequence>>{}); } template tuple operator+(tuple a, const Tp &b) { return a += b; } template tuple &operator-=(tuple &a, const Tp &b) { return internal::tuple_sub_impl(a, b, make_index_sequence>>{}); } template tuple operator-(tuple a, const Tp &b) { return a -= b; } template tuple operator-(tuple a) { internal::tuple_neg_impl(a, make_index_sequence{}); return a; } namespace internal { template auto vt_to_tv_impl(V &tv, const Tp &t, index_sequence, size_t index) { ((get(tv)[index] = get(t)), ...); } template auto tv_to_vt_impl(const Tp &tv, index_sequence, size_t index) { return make_tuple(get(tv)[index]...); } }; // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/template/template_random.hpp mt19937_64 mt; namespace internal { }; // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/math/modint/template_modint.hpp // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/math/modint/modint.hpp // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/math/modint/modint_internal_static.hpp // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/utils/larger_int.hpp template struct larger_int { using type = T; }; #define LARGER_INT(T,U) template <> struct larger_int { using type = U; }; LARGER_INT(signed char, short) LARGER_INT(short, int) LARGER_INT(int, long long) LARGER_INT(long, __int128_t) LARGER_INT(long long, __int128_t) LARGER_INT(unsigned char, unsigned short) LARGER_INT(unsigned short, unsigned int) LARGER_INT(unsigned int, unsigned long long) LARGER_INT(unsigned long, __uint128_t) LARGER_INT(unsigned long long, __uint128_t) #undef LARGER_INT template using larger_int_t = typename larger_int::type; // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/math/modint/modint_internal_isprime.hpp namespace internal { template constexpr ll powmod_constexpr(ll x, ll n, T m) { if (m == 1) return 0; using U = make_unsigned_t; using L = larger_int_t; U r = 1, y = safemod(x, m); while (n) { if (n & 1) r = L(r) * y % m; y = L(y) * y % m; n >>= 1; } return r; } template constexpr bool isprime_constexpr(T n) { if constexpr (sizeof(T) > 4) { if (n <= INT_MAX) return isprime_constexpr(n); } if (n <= 1) return false; if (n == 2 || n == 7 || n == 61) return true; if (n % 2 == 0) return false; ll d = n - 1; while (d % 2 == 0) d /= 2; using U = make_unsigned_t; using L = larger_int_t; auto miller_rabin = [&](const auto &bases) constexpr { for (ll a : bases) { ll t = d, y = powmod_constexpr(a, t, n); while (t != n - 1 && y != 1 && y != n - 1) { y = L(y) * y % n; t <<= 1; } if (y != n - 1 && t % 2 == 0) return false; } return true; }; if constexpr(sizeof(T) <= 4) { constexpr ll bases[3] = {2, 7, 61}; return miller_rabin(bases); } else { constexpr ll bases[7] = {2, 325, 9375, 28178, 450775, 9780504, 1795265022}; return miller_rabin(bases); } } template constexpr bool isprime = isprime_constexpr(n); }; namespace internal { template struct policy_static { using mod_type = decltype(M); using value_type = make_unsigned_t; using calc_type = larger_int_t; static constexpr bool is_prime = isprime_constexpr(M); static constexpr mod_type mod() { return M; } static constexpr value_type umod() { return M; } static constexpr value_type init(value_type v) { return v; } static constexpr mod_type val(value_type v) { return v; } static constexpr value_type mul(value_type a, value_type b) { return (value_type)((calc_type(a) * b) % M); } }; }; // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/math/modint/modint_internal_barrett32.hpp namespace internal { struct barrett32 { uint m; ull im; explicit barrett32(uint m) : m(m), im((ull)(-1) / m + 1) {} uint umod() const { return m; } uint mul(uint a, uint b) const { ull z = a; z *= b; ull x = ull((u128(z) * im) >> 64); ull y = x * m; return uint(z - y + (z < y ? m : 0)); } }; template struct policy_barrett32 { using value_type = uint; using calc_type = ull; using mod_type = int; static constexpr bool is_prime = false; static inline barrett32 reducer{998244353}; static void set_mod(mod_type m) { reducer = barrett32(m); } static mod_type mod() { return reducer.umod(); } static value_type umod() { return reducer.umod(); } static value_type init(value_type v) { return v; } static mod_type val(value_type v) { return v; } static value_type mul(value_type a, value_type b) { return reducer.mul(a, b); } }; }; // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/math/modint/modint_internal_montgomery64.hpp namespace internal { inline constexpr ull inv64(ull a) { ull x = a; while (a * x != 1) x *= 2 - a * x; return x; } struct montgomery64odd { ull m, im, sq; explicit montgomery64odd(ull m) : m(m), im(inv64(m)), sq(-u128(m) % m) {} ull umod() const { return m; } ull reduce(u128 x) const { auto t = (x + u128(m) * (-im * ull(x))) >> 64; if (t >= m) t -= m; return (ull)t; } ull inv_reduce(i128 v) const { return reduce(u128(v % m + m) * sq); } }; struct montgomery64 { ull m, mx, imx, d, q; uint b; explicit montgomery64(ull m) : m(m) { b = countr_zero(m), mx = m >> b; imx = inv64(mx); d = powmod_constexpr((mx + 1) / 2, b, mx); u128 sq = -u128(mx) % mx; q = (1 + (((sq - 1) * d) << b)) % m; } ull umod() const { return m; } ull reduce(u128 x) const { if (b == 0) { auto t = (x + u128(mx) * (-imx * ull(x))) >> 64; if (t >= m) t -= m; return (ull)t; } ull p = x & MASK(b); x = (x >> b) + p * d; ull y = p << (64 - b); auto t = (x + u128(mx) * (imx * (y - ull(x)))) >> (64 - b); if (t >= m) { t -= m; if (t >= m) t -= m; } return (ull)t; } ull inv_reduce(i128 v) const { return reduce(u128(v % m + m) * q); } }; template struct policy_montgomery64_odd { using value_type = ull; using calc_type = u128; using mod_type = ll; static constexpr bool is_prime = false; static inline montgomery64odd reducer{(1LL << 61) - 1}; static void set_mod(mod_type m) { reducer = montgomery64odd(m); } static mod_type mod() { return reducer.umod(); } static value_type umod() { return reducer.umod(); } static value_type init(value_type v) { return reducer.inv_reduce(v); } static mod_type val(value_type v) { return reducer.reduce(v); } static value_type mul(value_type a, value_type b) { return reducer.reduce((calc_type)a * b); } }; template struct policy_montgomery64 { using value_type = ull; using calc_type = u128; using mod_type = ll; static constexpr bool is_prime = false; static inline montgomery64 reducer{(1LL << 61) - 1}; static void set_mod(mod_type m) { reducer = montgomery64(m); } static mod_type mod() { return reducer.umod(); } static value_type umod() { return reducer.umod(); } static value_type init(value_type v) { return reducer.inv_reduce(v); } static mod_type val(value_type v) { return reducer.reduce(v); } static value_type mul(value_type a, value_type b) { return reducer.reduce((calc_type)a * b); } }; }; // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/math/extgcd.hpp template constexpr tuple extgcd(T a, T b) { if (a == 0 && b == 0) return {0, 0, 0}; T x1 = 1, y1 = 0, z1 = a; T x2 = 0, y2 = 1, z2 = b; while (z2 != 0) { T q = z1 / z2; tie(x1, x2) = make_pair(x2, x1 - q * x2); tie(y1, y2) = make_pair(y2, y1 - q * y2); tie(z1, z2) = make_pair(z2, z1 - q * z2); } if (z1 < 0) x1 = -x1, y1 = -y1, z1 = -z1; return {z1, x1, y1}; } namespace internal { template struct modint_impl { using V = typename Policy::value_type; using M = typename Policy::mod_type; using mint = modint_impl; private: V _v; public: static constexpr M mod() { return Policy::mod(); } template static auto set_mod(M m) -> decltype(T::set_mod(m)) { return T::set_mod(m); } static mint raw(V v) { mint x; x._v = v; return x; } modint_impl() : _v(0) {} template >> modint_impl(T v) { V rem; if constexpr (is_signed_ext) { using S = make_signed_t; S x = v % S(Policy::umod()); if (x < 0) x += Policy::umod(); rem = x; } else rem = V(v % Policy::umod()); _v = Policy::init(rem); }; M val() const { return Policy::val(_v); } mint &operator+=(const mint &rhs) { _v += rhs._v; if (_v >= Policy::umod()) _v -= Policy::umod(); return *this; } mint &operator-=(const mint &rhs) { _v -= rhs._v; if (_v >= Policy::umod()) _v += Policy::umod(); return *this; } mint &operator*=(const mint &rhs) { _v = Policy::mul(_v, rhs._v); return *this; } mint &operator/=(const mint &rhs) { return *this *= rhs.inv(); } mint &operator++() { _v++; if (_v == Policy::umod()) _v = 0; return *this; } mint &operator--() { if (_v == 0) _v = Policy::umod(); _v--; return *this; } mint operator++(int) { mint res = *this; ++(*this); return res; } mint operator--(int) { mint res = *this; --(*this); return res; } mint operator+() const { return *this; } mint operator-() const { return mint() - *this; } template mint pow(T n) const { assert(n >= 0); mint x = *this, r = 1; while (n) { if (n & 1) r *= x; x *= x; n >>= 1; } return r; } mint inv() const { if constexpr (Policy::is_prime) { return pow(mod() - 2); } else { auto [g, x, y] = extgcd(val(), mod()); assert(g == 1); return mint(x); } } friend mint operator+(const mint &lhs, const mint &rhs) { return mint(lhs) += rhs; } friend mint operator-(const mint &lhs, const mint &rhs) { return mint(lhs) -= rhs; } friend mint operator*(const mint &lhs, const mint &rhs) { return mint(lhs) *= rhs; } friend mint operator/(const mint &lhs, const mint &rhs) { return mint(lhs) /= rhs; } friend bool operator==(const mint &lhs, const mint &rhs) { return lhs._v == rhs._v; } friend bool operator!=(const mint &lhs, const mint &rhs) { return lhs._v != rhs._v; } friend void rd1(mint &x) { long long a; fastio::rd1(a); x = a; } friend void wt1(const mint &x) { fastio::wt1(x.val()); } }; }; template using static_modint32 = internal::modint_impl>; template using dynamic_modint32 = internal::modint_impl>; template using static_modint64 = internal::modint_impl>; template using dynamic_modint64_odd = internal::modint_impl>; template using dynamic_modint64 = internal::modint_impl>; using modint998244353 = static_modint32<998244353>; template struct is_modint : std::false_type { }; template struct is_modint> : std::true_type { }; template inline constexpr bool is_modint_v = is_modint::value; template struct is_static_modint : false_type {}; template struct is_static_modint> : true_type {}; template struct is_static_modint> : true_type {}; template inline constexpr bool is_static_modint_v = is_static_modint::value; template struct is_dynamic_modint : false_type {}; template struct is_dynamic_modint> : true_type {}; template struct is_dynamic_modint> : true_type {}; template struct is_dynamic_modint> : true_type {}; template inline constexpr bool is_dynamic_modint_v = is_dynamic_modint::value; template struct has_mod : std::false_type { }; template struct has_mod> : std::true_type { }; // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/math/modint/power_table.hpp template struct PowerTable { private: decltype(mint::mod()) mod; mint base; vc pw; public: PowerTable() {} PowerTable(const mint &base) : mod(mint::mod()), base(base), pw(1, 1) {} void reserve(int n) { if (mod != mint::mod()) { mod = mint::mod(); pw = {1}; } int i = pw.size(); if (n < i) return; pw.resize(n + 1); for (; i <= n; i++) pw[i] = pw[i - 1] * base; } mint pow(int n) { reserve(n); return pw[n]; } }; // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/math/modint/binomial.hpp // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/math/modint/stom.hpp // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/math/modint/to_rational.hpp // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/math/svp2d.hpp template > pair svp2d(const pair &a, const pair &b) { assert((a != pair{0, 0} && b != pair{0, 0})); auto [a1, a2] = a; auto [b1, b2] = b; if ((U)a1 * a1 + (U)a2 * a2 < (U)b1 * b1 + (U)b2 * b2) swap(a1, b1), swap(a2, b2); while ((U)a1 * a1 + (U)a2 * a2 > (U)b1 * b1 + (U)b2 * b2) { swap(a1, b1), swap(a2, b2); T k = divround((U)a1 * b1 + (U)a2 * b2, (U)a1 * a1 + (U)a2 * a2); b1 -= k * a1, b2 -= k * a2; if (b1 == 0 && b2 == 0) return {a1, a2}; } return {a1, a2}; } template pair mint_to_rat(const mint &x) { auto [p, q] = svp2d({x.val(), 1}, {mint::mod(), 0}); if (q < 0) p = -p, q = -q; return {p, q}; } namespace cpp_dump { struct mint_to_rat_fn { template constexpr auto operator()(const T &x) const -> decltype(mint_to_rat(x)) { return mint_to_rat(x); } }; struct rat_closure : std::ranges::range_adaptor_closure { template constexpr auto operator()(T &&t) const { if constexpr (!std::ranges::range && std::invocable(t))>) { return mint_to_rat_fn{}(std::forward(t)); } else if constexpr (std::ranges::range) { using Ref = std::ranges::range_reference_t; if constexpr (std::invocable(std::declval()))>) { return std::forward(t) | std::views::transform(mint_to_rat_fn{}); } else if constexpr (std::ranges::range) { return std::forward(t) | std::views::transform([this](auto &&inner) { return (*this)(std::forward(inner)); }); } else { static_assert(false); } } else { static_assert(false); } } }; template requires(!std::ranges::range && std::invocable) constexpr auto operator|(T &&t, const rat_closure &c) { return c(std::forward(t)); } } using mint = modint998244353; void init() { oj(mt.seed(random_device()())); } // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/algo/subset_sum.hpp // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/ds/dynamic_bitset.hpp struct DynamicBitset { using Word = ull; static constexpr int word_bits = numeric_limits::digits; private: int n; vc dat; static int word_size(int n) { return (n + word_bits - 1) / word_bits; } static Word low_mask(int k) { return k == word_bits ? ~Word(0) : (Word(1) << k) - 1; } Word last_mask() const { return n % word_bits == 0 ? ~Word(0) : low_mask(n % word_bits); } void trim() { if (!dat.empty()) dat.back() &= last_mask(); } Word get_word(int i) const { int w = i / word_bits, b = i % word_bits; Word x = dat[w] >> b; if (b && w + 1 < SZ(dat)) x |= dat[w + 1] << (word_bits - b); return x; } template DynamicBitset &apply_slice(int l, int r, const DynamicBitset &b, int bl, const F &f) { assert(0 <= l && l <= r && r <= n); assert(0 <= bl && bl + r - l <= b.n); if (l == r) return *this; if constexpr (op == 2) { if (this == &b && bl == 0 && l > 0) { int dw = l / word_bits, db = l % word_bits; int lw = l / word_bits, rw = (r - 1) / word_bits; repi(w, rw, lw - 1, -1) { Word x = dat[w - dw] << db; if (db && w > dw) x |= dat[w - dw - 1] >> (word_bits - db); int lo = max(l, w * word_bits), hi = min(r, (w + 1) * word_bits); Word mask = low_mask(hi - lo) << (lo % word_bits); Word added = x & ~dat[w] & mask; dat[w] |= x & mask; if constexpr (!is_same_v) { while (added) { f(w * word_bits + __builtin_ctzll(added)); added &= added - 1; } } } return *this; } } auto apply_word = [&](int w) { int lo = max(l, w * word_bits), hi = min(r, (w + 1) * word_bits); int len = hi - lo, shift = lo % word_bits; Word mask = low_mask(len) << shift; Word x = (b.get_word(bl + lo - l) & low_mask(len)) << shift; Word old = dat[w], y; if constexpr (op == 0) y = x; else if constexpr (op == 1) y = old & x; else if constexpr (op == 2) y = old | x; else y = old ^ x; dat[w] = (old & ~mask) | (y & mask); if constexpr (!is_same_v) { Word added = dat[w] & ~old & mask; while (added) { f(w * word_bits + __builtin_ctzll(added)); added &= added - 1; } } }; int lw = l / word_bits, rw = (r - 1) / word_bits; if (this == &b && bl < l && l < bl + r - l) repi(w, rw, lw - 1, -1) apply_word(w); else repi(w, lw, rw + 1) apply_word(w); return *this; } public: struct Reference { DynamicBitset *bs; int pos; operator bool() const { return bs->test(pos); } Reference &operator=(bool value) { bs->set(pos, value); return *this; } Reference &operator=(const Reference &ref) { return *this = bool(ref); } Reference &flip() { bs->flip(pos); return *this; } }; DynamicBitset() : n(0) {} DynamicBitset(int n, bool value = false) : n(n), dat(n < 0 ? 0 : word_size(n), value ? ~Word(0) : 0) { assert(n >= 0); trim(); } explicit DynamicBitset(const string &s, char zero = '0', char one = '1') : n(0) { assign(s, zero, one); } int size() const { return n; } bool empty() const { return n == 0; } int capacity() const { return int(dat.capacity()) * word_bits; } void reserve(int n) { assert(n >= 0); dat.reserve(word_size(n)); } void resize(int n, bool value = false) { assert(n >= 0); int old = this->n; dat.resize(word_size(n)); this->n = n; if (value && old < n) set_range(old, n); trim(); } DynamicBitset &assign(const string &s, char zero = '0', char one = '1') { assert(zero != one); assert(s.size() <= size_t(numeric_limits::max())); n = int(s.size()); dat.assign(word_size(n), 0); repi(i, n) { char c = s[n - 1 - i]; assert(c == zero || c == one); if (c == one) dat[i / word_bits] |= Word(1) << (i % word_bits); } return *this; } bool test(int i) const { assert(0 <= i && i < n); return dat[i / word_bits] >> (i % word_bits) & 1; } bool operator[](int i) const { return test(i); } Reference operator[](int i) { assert(0 <= i && i < n); return {this, i}; } DynamicBitset &set(int i, bool value = true) { assert(0 <= i && i < n); Word mask = Word(1) << (i % word_bits); if (value) dat[i / word_bits] |= mask; else dat[i / word_bits] &= ~mask; return *this; } DynamicBitset &reset(int i) { return set(i, false); } DynamicBitset &flip(int i) { assert(0 <= i && i < n); dat[i / word_bits] ^= Word(1) << (i % word_bits); return *this; } DynamicBitset &set() { fill(ALL(dat), ~Word(0)); trim(); return *this; } DynamicBitset &reset() { fill(ALL(dat), 0); return *this; } DynamicBitset &flip() { fem(x : dat) x = ~x; trim(); return *this; } DynamicBitset &set_range(int l, int r, bool value = true) { assert(0 <= l && l <= r && r <= n); if (!value) return reset_range(l, r); if (l == r) return *this; int lw = l / word_bits, rw = (r - 1) / word_bits; if (lw == rw) dat[lw] |= low_mask((r - 1) % word_bits + 1) & ~low_mask(l % word_bits); else { dat[lw] |= ~low_mask(l % word_bits); fill(dat.begin() + lw + 1, dat.begin() + rw, ~Word(0)); dat[rw] |= low_mask((r - 1) % word_bits + 1); } trim(); return *this; } DynamicBitset &reset_range(int l, int r) { assert(0 <= l && l <= r && r <= n); if (l == r) return *this; int lw = l / word_bits, rw = (r - 1) / word_bits; if (lw == rw) dat[lw] &= ~(low_mask((r - 1) % word_bits + 1) & ~low_mask(l % word_bits)); else { dat[lw] &= low_mask(l % word_bits); fill(dat.begin() + lw + 1, dat.begin() + rw, 0); dat[rw] &= ~low_mask((r - 1) % word_bits + 1); } return *this; } int count() const { int res = 0; fec(x : dat) res += __builtin_popcountll(x); return res; } int count(int l, int r) const { assert(0 <= l && l <= r && r <= n); if (l == r) return 0; int lw = l / word_bits, rw = (r - 1) / word_bits; if (lw == rw) return __builtin_popcountll(dat[lw] & low_mask((r - 1) % word_bits + 1) & ~low_mask(l % word_bits)); int res = __builtin_popcountll(dat[lw] & ~low_mask(l % word_bits)); repi(w, lw + 1, rw) res += __builtin_popcountll(dat[w]); return res + __builtin_popcountll(dat[rw] & low_mask((r - 1) % word_bits + 1)); } bool any(int l, int r) const { return count(l, r) != 0; } bool all() const { return count() == n; } bool all(int l, int r) const { return count(l, r) == r - l; } int find_last(bool value = true) const { return find_prev(n, value); } int find_prev(int i, bool value = true) const { assert(0 <= i && i <= n); if (i == 0) return -1; i--; int w = i / word_bits, b = i % word_bits; Word x = (value ? dat[w] : ~dat[w]) & low_mask(b + 1); while (true) { if (x) return w * word_bits + 63 - __builtin_clzll(x); if (w-- == 0) return -1; x = value ? dat[w] : ~dat[w]; } } DynamicBitset &operator&=(const DynamicBitset &b) { assert(n == b.n); repi(i, SZ(dat)) dat[i] &= b.dat[i]; return *this; } DynamicBitset &operator|=(const DynamicBitset &b) { assert(n == b.n); repi(i, SZ(dat)) dat[i] |= b.dat[i]; return *this; } DynamicBitset &operator^=(const DynamicBitset &b) { assert(n == b.n); repi(i, SZ(dat)) dat[i] ^= b.dat[i]; return *this; } friend DynamicBitset operator&(DynamicBitset a, const DynamicBitset &b) { return a &= b; } friend DynamicBitset operator|(DynamicBitset a, const DynamicBitset &b) { return a |= b; } friend DynamicBitset operator^(DynamicBitset a, const DynamicBitset &b) { return a ^= b; } DynamicBitset operator~() const { return DynamicBitset(*this).flip(); } DynamicBitset &operator<<=(int k) { assert(k >= 0); if (k >= n) return reset(); if (k == 0) return *this; int dw = k / word_bits, db = k % word_bits; repi(i, SZ(dat) - 1, dw - 1, -1) { Word x = dat[i - dw] << db; if (db && i > dw) x |= dat[i - dw - 1] >> (word_bits - db); dat[i] = x; } fill(dat.begin(), dat.begin() + dw, 0); trim(); return *this; } DynamicBitset &operator>>=(int k) { assert(k >= 0); if (k >= n) return reset(); if (k == 0) return *this; int dw = k / word_bits, db = k % word_bits, m = SZ(dat); repi(i, m - dw) { Word x = dat[i + dw] >> db; if (db && i + dw + 1 < m) x |= dat[i + dw + 1] << (word_bits - db); dat[i] = x; } fill(dat.end() - dw, dat.end(), 0); trim(); return *this; } DynamicBitset operator<<(int k) const { return DynamicBitset(*this) <<= k; } DynamicBitset operator>>(int k) const { return DynamicBitset(*this) >>= k; } DynamicBitset &or_slice(int l, int r, const DynamicBitset &b, int bl) { return apply_slice<2>(l, r, b, bl, nullptr); } template DynamicBitset &or_slice(int l, int r, const DynamicBitset &b, int bl, const F &f) { return apply_slice<2>(l, r, b, bl, f); } friend bool operator==(const DynamicBitset &a, const DynamicBitset &b) { return a.n == b.n && a.dat == b.dat; } friend bool operator!=(const DynamicBitset &a, const DynamicBitset &b) { return !(a == b); } friend bool operator<(const DynamicBitset &a, const DynamicBitset &b) { assert(a.n == b.n); repi(i, SZ(a.dat) - 1, -1, -1) if (a.dat[i] != b.dat[i]) return a.dat[i] < b.dat[i]; return false; } friend bool operator>(const DynamicBitset &a, const DynamicBitset &b) { return b < a; } friend bool operator<=(const DynamicBitset &a, const DynamicBitset &b) { return !(b < a); } friend bool operator>=(const DynamicBitset &a, const DynamicBitset &b) { return !(a < b); } }; struct SubsetSum; struct SubsetSumFromFrequency { private: friend struct SubsetSum; int s; vc> val_cnt; DynamicBitset dp; vc time; vc history; bool keep_history; void build(const vc> &freq, int smax) { s = smax; assert(s >= 0); val_cnt.clear(); history.clear(); ll sm = 0; for (auto [v, c] : freq) { assert(v > 0 && c >= 0); if (v > s) continue; chmin(c, s / v); sm = min(s, sm + ll(v) * c); } s = int(sm); dp.resize(s + 1); dp.reset(); dp.set(0); for (auto [v, c] : freq) { if (v > s) continue; chmin(c, s / v); for (ll k = 1; c > 0; k *= 2) { int x = int(min(c, k)); c -= x; val_cnt.eb(v, x); } } ll bitset_bytes = ll((s + DynamicBitset::word_bits) / DynamicBitset::word_bits) * ll(sizeof(DynamicBitset::Word)); keep_history = ll(val_cnt.size()) * bitset_bytes < ll(s + 1) * ll(sizeof(int)); if (keep_history) history.reserve(val_cnt.size()); else { time.assign(s + 1, -1); time[0] = 0; } int hi = 0; repi(t, SZ(val_cnt)) { auto [v, c] = val_cnt[t]; int w = v * c; int r = min(s, hi + w) + 1; if (keep_history) { dp.or_slice(w, r, dp, 0); history.eb(dp); } else dp.or_slice(w, r, dp, 0, [&](int i) { time[i] = t + 1; }); hi = r - 1; if (hi == s && (t & 63) == 63 && dp.all()) { val_cnt.resize(t + 1); if (keep_history) history.resize(t + 1); break; } } } public: SubsetSumFromFrequency() : s(0), dp(1), time(1, 0), keep_history(false) { dp.set(0); } template SubsetSumFromFrequency(const vc &freq, int smax) { static_assert(is_integral_ext); assert(smax >= 0); vc> f; int vmax = min(smax, SZ(freq) - 1); repi(v, 1, vmax + 1) { assert(freq[v] >= 0); int c = freq[v] < T(smax / v) ? int(freq[v]) : smax / v; if (c) f.eb(v, c); } build(f, smax); } bool exists(int x) const { return 0 <= x && x <= s && dp.test(x); } const DynamicBitset &reachable() const { return dp; } pair>> answer(int x) const { if (!exists(x)) return {false, {}}; vc> res; int y = x; repi(t, SZ(val_cnt) - 1, -1, -1) { auto [v, c] = val_cnt[t]; int w = v * c; bool can = false; if (y >= w) { if (keep_history) can = t == 0 ? y == w : history[t - 1].test(y - w); else can = time[y - w] != -1 && time[y - w] <= t; } if (can) { y -= w; if (res.empty() || res.back().first != v) res.eb(v, 0); res.back().second += c; } } return {true, res}; } }; struct SubsetSum { private: int n, s, xmax; ll negsum; vc isneg; vc> elems; SubsetSumFromFrequency ss; public: SubsetSum() : n(0), s(-1), xmax(-1), negsum(0) {} template SubsetSum(const vc &a, int smax) : n(SZ(a)), xmax(smax), negsum(0) { static_assert(is_integral_ext); isneg.assign(n, false); repi(i, n) if (a[i] < 0) { isneg[i] = true; negsum += ll(a[i]); } ll shifted_s = ll(smax) - negsum; assert(shifted_s <= numeric_limits::max()); if (shifted_s < 0) { s = -1; return; } ll sm = 0; fec(a_i : a) { ll x = ll(a_i); if (x < 0) x = -x; if (x <= shifted_s) sm = min(shifted_s, sm + x); } s = int(sm); repi(i, n) { ll x = ll(a[i]); if (x < 0) { if (x < -ll(s)) continue; x = -x; } if (x <= s) { int v = int(x); if (v) elems.eb(v, i); } } sort(elems.begin(), elems.end()); vc> freq; for (auto [v, i] : elems) { if (freq.empty() || freq.back().first != v) freq.eb(v, 0); ++freq.back().second; } ss.build(freq, s); s = ss.reachable().size() - 1; } bool exists(int x) const { ll y = ll(x) - negsum; return x <= xmax && 0 <= y && y <= s && ss.exists(int(y)); } const DynamicBitset &reachable() const { static const DynamicBitset empty; return s < 0 ? empty : ss.reachable(); } pair> answer(int x) const { ll y = ll(x) - negsum; if (x > xmax || !(0 <= y && y <= s)) return {false, {}}; auto [ok, cnt] = ss.answer(int(y)); if (!ok) return {false, {}}; vc res(n, false); int p = elems.size(); for (auto [v, c] : cnt) { while (p && elems[p - 1].first > v) p--; int q = p; while (q && elems[q - 1].first == v) q--; assert(p - q >= c); repi(k, c) res[elems[q + k].second] = true; p = q; } repi(i, n) if (isneg[i]) res[i] = !res[i]; return {true, res}; } }; void main2() { LL(N, S); VEC(ll, N, A); SubsetSum ss(A, S); PRINT(ss.reachable().find_last()); } void test() { } // https://github.com/miscalculation53/library/tree/wip/template/template_main.hpp template struct Main { Main() { cauto CERR = [](string val, string color) { string s = "\033[" + color + "m" + val + "\033[m"; }; CERR("\n[FAST_IO]\n\n", "32"); cout << fixed << setprecision(20); init(); CERR("\n[MULTI_TESTCASE]\n\n", "33"); local(while (true)) { dump("T"); IN(uint, T); while (T--) { dump("new testcase"); main2(); } } } }; Main main_dummy; } int main() {}