// Templates and Snippets -> https://github.com/igeeeeee/template #ifdef ONLINE_JUDGE #pragma GCC optimize("Ofast") #pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops") #endif #include #include using namespace std; using namespace atcoder; typedef long long ll; typedef unsigned long long ull; typedef long double ld; using i128 = __int128_t; using u128 = __uint128_t; ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, u128 x) {if (x >= 10) os << x / 10;return os << char('0' + x % 10);} ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, i128 x){if (x < 0){os << '-';return os << (-(u128)x);}return os << (u128)x;} #define rep(i, n) for (ll i = 0; i < (ll)(n); i++) #define rrep(i,start,end) for (ll i = start;i >= (ll)(end);i--) #define repn(i,end) for(ll i = 0; i <= (ll)(end); i++) #define reps(i,start,end) for(ll i = start; i < (ll)(end); i++) #define repsn(i,start,end) for(ll i = start; i <= (ll)(end); i++) #define each(p,a) for(auto &p:a) typedef vector vll; typedef vector> vpll; typedef vector>> vvpll; typedef vector> vvll; typedef vector>> vvvll; typedef pair pll; typedef pair pull; typedef tuple tpl3; typedef tuple tpl4; typedef tuple tpl5; typedef tuple tpl6; #define FI first #define SE second #define LL(...) ll __VA_ARGS__; input(__VA_ARGS__) #define LD(...) ld __VA_ARGS__; input(__VA_ARGS__) #define Str(...) string __VA_ARGS__; input(__VA_ARGS__) #define Ch(...) char __VA_ARGS__; input(__VA_ARGS__) #define all(a) (a).begin(),(a).end() #define UNIQUE(v) v.erase( unique(v.begin(), v.end()), v.end() ); #define sz(x) (ll)x.size() // << std::fixed << std::setprecision(10) const ll INF = 1LL << 60; const ld EPS = 1e-9; ll lceil(ll a,ll b){if(a%b==0){return a/b;}if(a>=0){return (a/b)+1;}else{return -((-a)/b);}} ll lfloor(ll a,ll b){if(a%b==0){return a/b;}if(a>=0){return (a/b);}else{return -((-a)/b)-1;}} inline ll positive_mod(ll a,ll m){return (a % m + m)%m;} inline ll popcnt(ull a){ return __builtin_popcountll(a);} //0indexed inline ll topbit(ll a){assert(a != 0);return 63 - __builtin_clzll(a);} inline ll smlbit(ll a){assert(a != 0);return __builtin_ctzll(a);} template bool chmin(T& a, T b){if(a > b){a = b;return true;}return false;} template bool chmax(T& a, T b){if(a < b){a = b;return true;}return false;} template std::istream &operator>>(std::istream&is,std::vector&v){for(T &in:v){is>>in;}return is;} template std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream&os,const std::vector&v){for(auto it=std::begin(v);it!=std::end(v);){os<<*it<<((++it)!=std::end(v)?" ":"");}return os;} templatestd::ostream &operator<< (std::ostream &os, std::pair p){os << "{" << p.first << "," << p.second << "}";return os;} templatevoid input(T&... a){(cin >> ... >> a);} void print(){cout << endl;} templatevoid print(const T& a, const Ts&... b){cout << a;((cout << ' ' << b), ...);cout << endl;} template void pspace(const T& a){ cout << a << ' ';} void perr(){cerr << endl;} templatevoid perr(const T& a, const Ts&... b){cerr << a;((cerr << ' ' << b), ...);cerr << endl;} void yes(bool i = true){ return print(i?"yes":"no"); } void Yes(bool i = true){ return print(i?"Yes":"No"); } void YES(bool i = true){ return print(i?"YES":"NO"); } template vector &operator++(vector &v) {for(auto &e : v) e++;return v;} template vector operator++(vector &v, signed) {auto res = v;for(auto &e : v) e++;return res;} template vector &operator--(vector &v) {for(auto &e : v) e--;return v;} template vector operator--(vector &v, signed) {auto res = v;for(auto &e : v) e--;return res;} //grid探索用 vector _ta = {0,0,1,-1,1,1,-1,-1}; vector _yo = {1,-1,0,0,1,-1,1,-1}; bool isin(ll now_i,ll now_j,ll h,ll w){return (0<=now_i && now_i < h && 0 <= now_j && now_j < w);} ll lpow(ll x,ll n){ll ans = 1;while(n >0){if(n & 1)ans *= x;x *= x;n >>= 1;}return ans;} ll Modlpow(ll x,ll n,ll m){ll ans = 1;ll a = x%m;while(n >0){if(n & 1){ans *= a;ans%= m;}a *= a;a %= m;n >>= 1;}return ans;} const ll MOD9 = 998244353LL; const ll MOD10 = 1000000007LL; void solve(); #ifdef DEBUG void naive(); string run(void (*f)(), const string& input) {istringstream iss(input);ostringstream oss;auto* cinbuf = cin.rdbuf(iss.rdbuf());auto* coutbuf = cout.rdbuf(oss.rdbuf());cin.clear();f();cout.flush();cin.rdbuf(cinbuf);cout.rdbuf(coutbuf);cin.clear();return oss.str();} bool check(const string& input) { string ans = run(solve, input);istringstream acin(ans); string correct = run(naive, input);istringstream ccin(correct); // ll x;acin >> x;とかで使える(構築とかの確認用) if (ans == correct) return true;//末尾の空白まで完全一致 cerr << "========== INPUT ==========\n"; cerr << input; cerr << "========== EXPECTED =======\n"; cerr << correct; cerr << "========== ACTUAL =========\n"; cerr << ans; cerr << "===========================\n"; return false; } uint64_t seed = chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count(); mt19937_64 rng(seed); ll rnd(ll l, ll r){// l 以上 r 以下 return uniform_int_distribution(l, r)(rng); } void test(){ repsn(i,1,8){ repsn(j,1,8){ string input = to_string(i)+" "+to_string(j)+'\n'; string ret = run(naive,input); istringstream ccin(ret); ll a;ccin >> a; cout << a <<" " ; } cout << endl; } // rep(tc,100000){ // // ----- テストケース生成(文字列で!!) ----- // string input; // ll n = rnd(1,5); // input += to_string(n); // input += ' '; // ll m = rnd(1,5); // input += to_string(m); // input += '\n'; // // ----- 比較 ----- // // check(input); // cout << input << endl; // string correct = run(naive, input); // cout << correct << endl; // cout <<"-------" << endl; // if ((tc+1) % 1000 == 0) { // cerr << tc+1 << " cases passed\n"; // } // } } void naive(){//cinで受け取りcoutで出力でよい LL(n,m); ll cnt = 0; auto dfs = [&](auto dfs, vll v)->void { if(sz(v)==n){ vll sum(n+1); rep(i,n)sum[i+1] = sum[i]+v[i]; reps(i,1,n){ if(sum[i]*2==sum.back()){ // cout << v << endl; cnt++; } } return ; } repsn(i,1,m){ v.push_back(i); dfs(dfs,v); v.pop_back(); } }; vll v; dfs(dfs,v); cout << cnt << endl; } #endif //ref https://github.com/atcoder/live_library/blob/master/mat.cpp template struct Matrix { int h, w; vector> d; Matrix() {} Matrix(int h, int w, T val=0): h(h), w(w), d(h, vector(w,val)) {} Matrix& unit() { assert(h == w); rep(i,h) d[i][i] = 1; return *this; } const vector& operator[](int i) const { return d[i];} vector& operator[](int i) { return d[i];} Matrix operator*(const Matrix& a) const { assert(w == a.h); Matrix r(h, a.w); rep(i,h)rep(k,w)rep(j,a.w) { r[i][j] += d[i][k]*a[k][j]; } return r; } Matrix pow(long long t) const { assert(h == w); if (!t) return Matrix(h,h).unit(); if (t == 1) return *this; Matrix r = pow(t>>1); r = r*r; if (t&1) r = r*(*this); return r; } /* mint only mint det() { assert(h == w); mint res = 1; rep(k,h) { for (int i = k; i < h; ++i) { if (d[i][k] == 0) continue; if (i != k) { swap(d[i],d[k]); res = -res; } } if (d[k][k] == 0) return 0; res *= d[k][k]; mint inv = mint(1)/d[k][k]; rep(j,h) d[k][j] *= inv; for (int i = k+1; i < h; ++i) { mint c = d[i][k]; for (int j = k; j < h; ++j) d[i][j] -= d[k][j]*c; } } return res; } //*/ }; using mint = modint998244353; void solve(){ LL(n,m); if(n==1){ cout << 0 << endl; return ; } Matrix x(1,2),a(2,2); x[0][0] = m; x[0][1] = 0; a[0][0] = m-1; a[0][1] = 1; a[1][0] = m; x = x * a.pow(n-2); cout << x[0][0].val() << endl; } int main(){ ios::sync_with_stdio(false);cin.tie(nullptr); #ifdef DEBUG test(); #else solve(); #endif }