fn main() { let n: usize = read(); let c = Combination::new(n); let ans = (1..n+1).map(|r|c.comb(r)*modulo::pow(r,n-r)).fold(0,|a,x|modulo::plus(a,x)); println!("{}", ans); } fn read() -> T { let mut buf = String::new(); std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut buf).ok(); buf.trim().parse::().ok().unwrap() } struct Combination { n: usize, fact_table: Vec } impl Combination { fn new(n: usize) -> Combination { Combination { n: n, fact_table: (1..n+1).scan(1,|a,x|{*a=modulo::mul(*a,x); Some(*a)}).collect::>() } } fn comb(&self, r: usize) -> usize { match r { _ if self.n < r => 0, _ if self.n == r => 1, _ => { let a = self.fact_table[self.n - 1]; let b = modulo::pow(self.fact_table[r - 1], modulo::MOD-2); let c = modulo::pow(self.fact_table[self.n - r - 1], modulo::MOD-2); modulo::mul(modulo::mul(a, b), c) } } } } mod modulo { pub const MOD: usize = 1_000_000_007; pub fn plus(x: usize, y: usize) -> usize { ((x as u64 + y as u64) % MOD as u64) as usize } pub fn mul(x: usize, y: usize) -> usize { ((x as u64 * y as u64) % MOD as u64) as usize } pub fn pow(x: usize, n: usize) -> usize { match n { 0 => 1, k if k%2==1 => mul(x, pow(x, k-1)), k => {let q = pow(x, k/2); mul(q,q)} } } }