#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace std; typedef long long ll; typedef unsigned long long ull; typedef long double Num; typedef pair P; const double PI = 3.14159265358979323846; const double EPS = 1e-12; const ll INF = 1LL<<29; const ll mod = 1e9+7; #define rep(i,n) for(int (i)=0;(i)<(ll)(n);++(i)) #define repd(i,n,d) for(ll (i)=0;(i)<(ll)(n);(i)+=(d)) #define all(v) (v).begin(), (v).end() #define pb(x) push_back(x) #define mp(x,y) make_pair((x),(y)) #define mset(m,v) memset((m),(v),sizeof(m)) #define chmin(X,Y) ((X)>(Y)?X=(Y),true:false) #define chmax(X,Y) ((X)<(Y)?X=(Y),true:false) #define fst first #define snd second #define UNIQUE(x) (x).erase(unique(all(x)),(x).end()) template ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const vector &v){int n=v.size();rep(i,n)os<>x>>y; ll cnt = 0, xx = x; while(xx){ xx /= y; cnt += xx; } cout.precision(5); if(x