#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

using ll = long long;
using ull = unsigned long long;

ull seed;
int next() {
    seed = seed ^ (seed << 13);
    seed = seed ^ (seed >> 7);
    seed = seed ^ (seed << 17);
    return (seed >> 33);
}

template <class I>
void radix_sort(I first, I last) {
    using T = typename std::iterator_traits<I>::value_type;
    constexpr int L = 16, M = 1 << L, K = (sizeof(T) * 8 + L - 1) / L;

    size_t n = last - first;
    T *p[2] = { &*first, (T *)std::malloc(n * sizeof(T)) };
    size_t m[M];

    for (int k = 0; k < K; k++) {
        std::fill_n(m, M, 0);
        for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            m[(p[0][i].first >> (L * k) & M - 1)]++;
        }
        for (int j = M - 1; j > 0; j--) {
            m[j] = m[j - 1];
        }
        m[0] = 0;
        for (int j = 2; j < M; j++) {
            m[j] += m[j - 1];
        }
        for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            T t = p[0][i];
            p[1][m[t.first >> (L * k) & M - 1]++] = t;
        }
        std::swap(p[0], p[1]);
    }
    std::free(p[1]);
}

int main() {
    int n, q;
    cin >> n >> q >> seed;

    for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
        next();
    }

    vector<int> a(n);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        a[i] = next();
    }
    sort(a.begin(), a.end());

    ll r = 0;
    //for (int h = 0; h < q; h++) {
    //    int x = next();

    //    auto it = lower_bound(a.begin(), a.end(), x);
    //    ll k = it - a.begin();
    //    r ^= k * h;
    //}
    vector<pair<int, int>> x(q / 2);
    for (int l = 0; l < 2; l++) {
        for (int h = 0; h < q / 2; h++) {
            x[h] = { next(), h + l * (q / 2) };
        }
        radix_sort(x.begin(), x.end());
        ll k = 0;
        for (int h = 0; h < q / 2; h++) {
            while (k < n && a[k] < x[h].first) k++;
            r ^= k * x[h].second;
        }
    }

    cout << r << endl;

    return 0;
}