#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int n, q, b[200009], a[50000009], c[65555], p[50000009]; unsigned long long seed;
int main() {
	cin >> n >> q >> seed;
	for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
		seed = seed ^ (seed << 13);
		seed = seed ^ (seed >> 7);
		seed = seed ^ (seed << 17);
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		seed = seed ^ (seed << 13);
		seed = seed ^ (seed >> 7);
		seed = seed ^ (seed << 17);
		b[i] = (seed >> 33);
	}
	sort(b, b + n);
	for (int i = 0; i < q; i++) {
		seed = seed ^ (seed << 13);
		seed = seed ^ (seed >> 7);
		seed = seed ^ (seed << 17);
		a[i] = (seed >> 33);
		c[(a[i] >> 16) + 1]++;
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < 1 << 16; i++) {
		c[i + 1] += c[i];
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < q; i++) {
		p[c[a[i] >> 16]++] = i;
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < 1 << 16; i++) {
		sort(p + c[i], p + c[i + 1], [&](int j, int k) { return a[j] < a[k]; });
	}
	int ptr = 0; long long ret = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < q; i++) {
		while (ptr != n && a[p[i]] > b[ptr]) ptr++;
		ret ^= 1LL * ptr * p[i];
	}
	cout << ret << endl;
	return 0;
}