#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define ll long long
#define INF 1000000005
#define MOD 1000000007
#define EPS 1e-10
#define rep(i,n) for(int i=0;i<(int)(n);++i)
#define rrep(i,n) for(int i=(int)(n)-1;i>=0;--i)
#define srep(i,s,t) for(int i=(int)(s);i<(int)(t);++i)
#define each(a,b) for(auto& (a): (b))
#define all(v) (v).begin(),(v).end()
#define len(v) (int)(v).size()
#define zip(v) sort(all(v)),v.erase(unique(all(v)),v.end())
#define cmx(x,y) x=max(x,y)
#define cmn(x,y) x=min(x,y)
#define fi first
#define se second
#define pb push_back
#define show(x) cout<<#x<<" = "<<(x)<<endl
#define spair(p) cout<<#p<<": "<<p.fi<<" "<<p.se<<endl
#define sar(a,n) cout<<#a<<":";rep(pachico,n)cout<<" "<<a[pachico];cout<<endl
#define svec(v) cout<<#v<<":";rep(pachico,v.size())cout<<" "<<v[pachico];cout<<endl
#define svecp(v) cout<<#v<<":";each(pachico,v)cout<<" {"<<pachico.first<<":"<<pachico.second<<"}";cout<<endl
#define sset(s) cout<<#s<<":";each(pachico,s)cout<<" "<<pachico;cout<<endl
#define smap(m) cout<<#m<<":";each(pachico,m)cout<<" {"<<pachico.first<<":"<<pachico.second<<"}";cout<<endl

using namespace std;

typedef pair<int,int> P;
typedef pair<ll,ll> pll;
typedef vector<int> vi;
typedef vector<vi> vvi;
typedef vector<ll> vl;
typedef vector<vl> vvl;
typedef vector<double> vd;
typedef vector<P> vp;
typedef vector<string> vs;

const int MAX_N = 100005;

int main()
{
    cin.tie(0);
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    string s;
    cin >> s;
    //最小値, いくつ上がったか
    vector<P> el(n);
    int mn = 0, nw = 0;
    rep(i,n){
        if(s[i] == '('){
            nw++;
        }else{
            nw--;
        }
        cmn(mn,nw);
        el[i] = P(mn,nw);
    }
    sort(all(el),[&](const P& a,const P& b){
        return min(a.fi,a.se+b.fi) > min(b.fi,b.se+a.fi);
    });
    mn = 0, nw = 0;
    rep(i,n){
        cmn(mn,nw+el[i].fi);
        nw += el[i].se;
    }
    cout << 2*mn + (ll)n*(n+1)/2 - nw << "\n";
    return 0;
}