#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #define REP(i,s,n) for(int i=(int)(s);i<(int)(n);i++) #define DEBUGP(val) cerr << #val << "=" << val << "\n" using namespace std; typedef long long int ll; typedef vector VI; typedef vector VL; typedef pair PI; const int N = 100100; VI g[N]; set dp[N]; // children that players are able to win on int dp_par[N]; int dfs1(int v, int par) { int can_win = 1; for (int w: g[v]) { if (par == w) continue; int res = dfs1(w, v); if (res == 1) { dp[v].insert(w); } can_win &= 1 - res; } return can_win; } void dfs2(int v, int par, int par_result) { for (int w: g[v]) { if (par == w) continue; bool incl = 0; if (dp[v].size() == 0 || (dp[v].size() == 1 && dp[v].count(w))) { incl = 1; } dfs2(w, v, incl && !par_result); } dp_par[v] = par_result; } int main(void) { ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); int n; cin >> n; REP(i, 0, n - 1) { int a, b; cin >> a >> b; a--, b--; g[a].push_back(b); g[b].push_back(a); } dfs1(0, -1); dfs2(0, -1, 0); VI can_win; REP(i, 0, n) { if (dp[i].size() == 0 && dp_par[i] == 0) { can_win.push_back(i); } } if (0) { REP(i, 0, n) { cerr << "dp[" << i << "]:"; for (int w: dp[i]) cerr << " " << w; cerr << endl; DEBUGP(dp_par[i]); } } cout << can_win.size() << endl; for (int v: can_win) cout << v + 1 << endl; }