#include #include #include #include #define REP(i, a, b) for (int i = int(a); i < int(b); i++) #ifdef _DEBUG_ #define dump(val) cerr << __LINE__ << ":\t" << #val << " = " << (val) << endl #else #define dump(val) #endif using namespace std; typedef long long int ll; template vector make_v(size_t a, T b) { return vector(a, b); } template auto make_v(size_t a, Ts... ts) { return vector(a, make_v(ts...)); } template class ModInt { ll n; static ModInt pow(ModInt x, ll p) { if (p == 0) { return 1; } else if (p % 2) { return x * pow(x, p - 1); } else { auto t = ModInt::pow(x, p / 2); return t * t; } } ModInt reverse() { return ModInt::pow(*this, MOD - 2); } public: ModInt() : n(0) {} ModInt(ll _n) : n(_n % MOD) {} ModInt operator+=(const ModInt &m) { n += m.n; if (n >= MOD) { n -= MOD; } return *this; } ModInt operator-=(const ModInt &m) { n -= m.n; if (n < 0) { n += MOD; } return *this; } ModInt operator*=(const ModInt &m) { n *= m.n; if (n >= MOD) { n %= MOD; } return *this; } ModInt operator/=(const ModInt &m) { return n *= reverse(m); } ModInt operator+=(const ll l) { return (*this) += ModInt(l); } ModInt operator-=(const ll l) { return (*this) -= ModInt(l); } ModInt operator*=(const ll l) { return (*this) *= ModInt(l); } ModInt operator/=(const ll l) { return (*this) /= ModInt(l); } ModInt operator+(const ModInt &m) { auto t = *this; return t += m; } ModInt operator-(const ModInt &m) { auto t = *this; return t -= m; } ModInt operator*(const ModInt &m) { auto t = *this; return t *= m; } ModInt operator/(const ModInt &m) { auto t = *this; return t /= m; } ModInt operator+(const ll l) { auto t = *this; return t += l; } ModInt operator-(const ll l) { auto t = *this; return t -= l; } ModInt operator*(const ll l) { auto t = *this; return t *= l; } ModInt operator/(const ll l) { auto t = *this; return t /= l; } ModInt operator=(const ll l) { n = l % MOD; if (n < 0) { n += MOD; } return *this; } friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const ModInt &m) { out << m.n; return out; } friend istream &operator>>(istream &in, ModInt &m) { ll l; in >> l; m = l; return in; } }; using MOD = ModInt<>; int main() { cin.tie(nullptr); ios::sync_with_stdio(false); int n, m, k; cin >> n >> m >> k; vector L(m), R(m); REP(i, 0, m) { cin >> L[i] >> R[i]; } auto dp = make_v(n, MOD(0)); dp[0] = 1; REP(i, 0, k) { vector sum(n + 1, MOD(0)); vector dp2(n + 1, MOD(0)); REP(j, 0, n) { sum[j + 1] += sum[j] + dp[j]; } REP(j, 0, m) { MOD a = sum[R[j]] - sum[L[j] - 1]; dp2[L[j] - 1] += a; dp2[R[j]] -= a; } REP(j, 0, n) { dp2[j + 1] += dp2[j]; dp[j] = dp2[j]; } } cout << dp[n - 1] << endl; return 0; }