#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>
#include <bitset>
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <queue>
#include <deque>
#include <algorithm>
#include <complex>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <random>
#include <cassert>
#include <fstream>
#define popcount __builtin_popcount
using namespace std;
typedef long long int ll;
typedef pair<int, int> P;

int main()
{
    int n;
    cin>>n;
    string s;
    cin>>s;
    ll cnt0=0, cnt1=0;
    for(int i=0; i<n; i++){
        if(s[i]=='(') cnt0+=(n-i);
        else cnt1+=(n-i);
    }
    for(int i=0; i<n; i++){
        if(s[i]=='(') break;
        cnt1--;
    }
    cout<<2*min(cnt0, cnt1)<<endl;
    return 0;
}