#include <limits> #include <iostream> #include <algorithm> #include <iomanip> #include <map> #include <set> #include <queue> #include <stack> #include <numeric> #include <bitset> #include <cmath> static const int MOD = 1000000007; using ll = long long; using u32 = uint32_t; using namespace std; template<class T> constexpr T INF = ::numeric_limits<T>::max()/32*15+208; int main() { int q; cin >> q; for (int i = 0; i < q; ++i) { int n, k; cin >> n >> k; ll a = 0, b = 1, ans = 0; if(k == 1) { cout << n-1 << "\n"; }else{ while(a < n){ a += b; b *= k; ans++; } cout << ans-1 << "\n"; } } return 0; }