from math import modf
from sys import stdin


def main():
    input = lambda: stdin.readline()[:-1]
    Q = int(input())
    NK = [tuple(map(int, input().split())) for _ in [0] * Q]

    for n, k in NK:
        if k == 1:
            print(n - 1)
        else:
            m, d = modf(n ** (1 / k))
            m = round2(m, 2)
            print(int(d + 1)) if m else print(int(d))


def round2(n, d=0):
    p = 10 ** d
    return (n * p * 2 + 1) // 2 / p


main()