#include #define rep(i,a,b) for(int i=a;i=b;i--) #define fore(i,a) for(auto &i:a) #define all(x) (x).begin(),(x).end() //#pragma GCC optimize ("-O3") using namespace std; void _main(); int main() { cin.tie(0); ios::sync_with_stdio(false); _main(); } typedef long long ll; const int inf = INT_MAX / 2; const ll infl = 1LL << 60; templatebool chmax(T& a, const T& b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } templatebool chmin(T& a, const T& b) { if (b < a) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------             ∧_∧       ∧_∧  (´<_` )  Welcome to My Coding Space!      ( ´_ゝ`) /  ⌒i @hamayanhamayan     /   \    | |     /   / ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄/  |   __(__ニつ/  _/ .| .|____      \/____/ (u ⊃ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int N, K; //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- int solve() { cin >> N >> K; if(K == 1) return N - 1; ll tot = 1; ll kk = K; rep(d, 0, 1010) { if (N <= tot) return d; tot += kk; kk *= K; } } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- void _main() { int Q; cin >> Q; rep(q, 0, Q) cout << solve() << endl; }