#include using namespace std; typedef long long ll; #define REP(i,n) for(int i=0; i #define VLL vector #define VVI vector> #define VVLL vector> #define VC vector #define VS vector #define VVC vector> #define VB vector #define VVB vector> #define fore(i,a) for(auto &i:a) typedef pair P; template bool chmax(T &a, T b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return true; } return false; } template bool chmin(T &a, T b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return true; } return false; } const int INF = 1 << 30; const ll INFL = 1LL << 60; const ll mod = 998244353; int main() { int q; cin >> q; REP(i, q) { ll n, k; cin >> n >> k; ll m = k; int ans = 0; n--; while (true) { if (n <= 0)break; n -= k; k *= m; ans++; } cout << ans << endl; } }