#include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace std; #define REP(i,n) for (int i=0;i<(n);++i) using ll = long long; ll q, n, k; int main() { cin.tie(0); ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin >> q; REP(i, q) { cin >> n >> k; if(k == 1) cout << n-1; else { ll ans = 0, h = 1; while(h < n) { h *= k; ++ans; } cout << ans << '\n'; } } return 0; }