#include using namespace std; typedef long long signed int LL; typedef long long unsigned int LU; #define incID(i, l, r) for(LL i = (l) ; i < (r); ++i) #define incII(i, l, r) for(LL i = (l) ; i <= (r); ++i) #define decID(i, l, r) for(LL i = (r) - 1; i >= (l); --i) #define decII(i, l, r) for(LL i = (r) ; i >= (l); --i) #define inc(i, n) incID(i, 0, n) #define inc1(i, n) incII(i, 1, n) #define dec(i, n) decID(i, 0, n) #define dec1(i, n) decII(i, 1, n) #define inID(v, l, r) ((l) <= (v) && (v) < (r)) #define inII(v, l, r) ((l) <= (v) && (v) <= (r)) #define PB push_back #define EB emplace_back #define MP make_pair #define FI first #define SE second #define ALL(v) v.begin(), v.end() #define RALL(v) v.rbegin(), v.rend() template bool setmin (T & a, T b) { if(b < a) { a = b; return true; } else { return false; } } template bool setmax (T & a, T b) { if(b > a) { a = b; return true; } else { return false; } } template bool setmineq(T & a, T b) { if(b <= a) { a = b; return true; } else { return false; } } template bool setmaxeq(T & a, T b) { if(b >= a) { a = b; return true; } else { return false; } } LL mo(LL a, LL b) { assert(b > 0); a %= b; if(a < 0) { a += b; } return a; } LL fl(LL a, LL b) { assert(b > 0); return (a > 0 ? a / b : (a - b + 1) / b); } LL ce(LL a, LL b) { assert(b > 0); return (a < 0 ? a / b : (a + b - 1) / b); } template T gcd(T a, T b) { return (b == 0 ? a : gcd(b, a % b)); } template T lcm(T a, T b) { return a / gcd(a, b) * b; } #define bit(b, i) (((b) >> (i)) & 1) #define BC __builtin_popcountll #define SC static_cast #define SI(v) SC(v.size()) #define SL(v) SC(v.size()) #define RF(e, v) for(auto & e: v) #define ef else if #define UR assert(false) // ---- ---- template class ModInt { private: LL v; public: ModInt(LL vv = 0) { v = vv; if(abs(v) >= M) { v %= M; } if(v < 0) { v += M; } } LL get_v() { return v; } ModInt exp(LL b) { ModInt p = 1, a = v; if(b < 0) { a = a.inv(); b = -b; } while(b) { if(b & 1) { p *= a; } a *= a; b >>= 1; } return p; } ModInt inv() { return ext_gcd(M, v).SE; } pair ext_gcd(LL a, LL b) { if(b == 0) { assert(a == 1); return { 1, 0 }; } auto p = ext_gcd(b, a % b); return { p.SE, p.FI - (a / b) * p.SE }; } friend bool operator< (ModInt a, ModInt b) { return (a.v < b.v); } friend bool operator> (ModInt a, ModInt b) { return (a.v > b.v); } friend bool operator<=(ModInt a, ModInt b) { return (a.v <= b.v); } friend bool operator>=(ModInt a, ModInt b) { return (a.v >= b.v); } friend bool operator==(ModInt a, ModInt b) { return (a.v == b.v); } friend bool operator!=(ModInt a, ModInt b) { return (a.v != b.v); } friend ModInt operator+ (ModInt a ) { return ModInt(+a.v); } friend ModInt operator- (ModInt a ) { return ModInt(-a.v); } friend ModInt operator+ (ModInt a, ModInt b) { return ModInt(a.v + b.v); } friend ModInt operator- (ModInt a, ModInt b) { return ModInt(a.v - b.v); } friend ModInt operator* (ModInt a, ModInt b) { return ModInt(a.v * b.v); } friend ModInt operator^ (ModInt a, LL b) { return a.exp(b); } friend ModInt operator/ (ModInt a, ModInt b) { return a * b.inv(); } friend ModInt & operator+=(ModInt & a, ModInt b) { return (a = a + b); } friend ModInt & operator-=(ModInt & a, ModInt b) { return (a = a - b); } friend ModInt & operator*=(ModInt & a, ModInt b) { return (a = a * b); } friend ModInt & operator^=(ModInt & a, LL b) { return (a = a ^ b); } friend ModInt & operator/=(ModInt & a, ModInt b) { return (a = a / b); } friend istream & operator>>(istream & s, ModInt & b) { s >> b.v; b = ModInt(b.v); return s; } friend ostream & operator<<(ostream & s, ModInt b) { return (s << b.v); } }; // ---- using MI = ModInt< 1'000'000'007 >; int main() { int n; cin >> n; vector b(n); inc(i, n) { int a; cin >> a; if(a < n) { b[a] += 1; } } vector f(n + 1), r(n + 1), x(n + 1), y(n + 1); inc(i, n + 1) { f[i] = (i == 0 ? 1 : f[i - 1] * i ); } dec(i, n + 1) { r[i] = (i == n ? 1 / f[n] : r[i + 1] * (i + 1)); } auto comb = [&](auto a, auto b) { return f[a] * r[b] * r[a - b]; }; x[0] = 1; inc(i, n) { dec(j, i + 1) { x[j + 1] += x[j] * b[i]; } } dec(i, n + 1) { y[i] = f[n - i] * x[i]; incII(j, i + 1, n) { y[i] -= comb(j, i) * y[j]; } } cout << y[0] << endl; return 0; }