struct RNG {
    seed: usize,
}

impl RNG {
    fn new(seed: usize) -> Self {
        RNG {
            seed: seed,
        }
    }
    fn next(&mut self) -> usize {
        let x = &mut self.seed;
        *x = *x ^ (*x << 13);
        *x = *x ^ (*x >> 7);
        *x = *x ^ (*x << 17);
        *x >> 33
    }
}

fn run() {
    let mut s = String::new();
    std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut s).unwrap();
    let mut it = s.trim().split_whitespace();
    let n: usize = it.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap();
    let q: usize = it.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap();
    let seed: usize = it.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap();
    let rng = &mut RNG::new(seed);
    for _ in 0..10000 {
        rng.next();
    }
    let sup = 1usize << 31;
    let m = 1 << 16;
    let mut a = vec![vec![]; sup / m];
    for _ in 0..n {
        let v: usize = rng.next();
        a[v / m].push(v);
    }
    let mut cnt = vec![0; sup / m + 1];
    for i in (0..(sup / m)).rev() {
        cnt[i] = cnt[i + 1] + a[i].len();
    }
    let mut ans = 0;
    for i in 0..q {
        let x: usize = rng.next();
        let mut c = n - cnt[x / m];
        for &a in &a[x / m] {
            if a < x {
                c += 1;
            }
        }
        ans ^= c * i;
    }
    println!("{}", ans);
}

fn main() {
    run();
}