// URL: https://yukicoder.me/problems/no/718 import std.algorithm, std.array, std.container, std.math, std.range, std.typecons, std.string; version(unittest) {} else void main() { long N; io.getV(N); auto m = matrix!mint([[1,1,0,0],[0,1,1,2],[0,1,0,0],[0,1,0,1]]); io.put((m^^N)[0][1]); } pure T isqrt(T)(T n) { static if (is(T == int)) auto max = 46341; else static if (is(T == long)) auto max = 3037000500L; auto bs = iota(T(0), max).map!(x => tuple(x, x^^2)).assumeSorted!"a[1]<=b[1]"; return bs.lowerBound(tuple(0, n)).back[0]; } pure T icbrt(T)(T n) { static if (is(T == int)) auto max = 1291; else static if (is(T == long)) auto max = 2097152L; auto bs = iota(T(0), max).map!(x => tuple(x, x^^3)).assumeSorted!"a[1]<=b[1]"; return bs.lowerBound(tuple(0, n)).back[0]; } pure T powr(alias pred = "a*b", T, U)(T a, U n, T one) { import std.functional; alias predFun = binaryFun!pred; if (n == 0) return one; auto r = one; for (; n > 0; n >>= 1) { if (n&1) r = predFun(r, a); a = predFun(a, a); } return r; } pure T powr(alias pred = "a*b", T, U)(T a, U n) { return powr!(pred, T, U)(a, n, T(1)); } pure T extGcd(T)(T a, T b, out T x, out T y) { auto g = a; x = 1; y = 0; if (b) { g = extGcd(b, a%b, y, x); y -= a/b*x; } return g; } struct Vector(T, T zero = 0) { alias V = Vector!(T, zero), Op = string; size_t n; @property T[] array() { return a; } alias array this; this(size_t n) in { assert(n > 0); } do { this.n = n; a = new T[](n); static if (T.init != zero) a[] = zero; } this(U)(U[] b) in { assert(b.length > 0); } do { n = b.length; static if (is(T == U)) a = b; else { a = new T[](n); foreach (i; 0..n) a[i] = b[i]; } } pure V dup() { auto b = V(n); b[] = a[]; return b; } pure V opBinary(Op op)(V b) if (op=="+"||op=="-") in { assert(n == b.n); } do { auto x = V(n); foreach (i; 0..n) x[i] = mixin("a[i]"~op~"b[i]"); return x; } ref V opOpAssign(Op op)(V b) if (op=="+"||op=="-") in { assert(n == b.n); } do { foreach (i; 0..n) mixin("a[i]"~op~"=b[i];"); return this; } pure V opBinary(Op op: "*")(T b) { auto x = V(n); foreach (i; 0..n) x[i] = a[i]*b; return x; } ref V opOpAssign(Op op: "*")(T b) { foreach (i; 0..n) a[i] *= b; return this; } pure T opBinary(Op op: "*")(V b) in { assert(n == b.n); } do { auto x = T(zero); foreach (i; 0..n) x += a[i]*b[i]; return x; } private T[] a; } Vector!(T, zero) vector(T, T zero = 0)(T[] a) { return Vector!(T, zero)(a); } Vector!(T, zero) vector(T, U, T zero = 0)(U[] a) if (!is(T == U)) { return Vector!(T, zero)(a); } pure T hypot2(T, alias zero)(Vector!(T, zero) a) { return a*a; } pure Vector!(T, zero) cross(T, alias zero)(Vector!(T, zero) a, Vector!(T, zero) b) in { assert(a.n == 3 && b.n == 3); } do { return Vector!(T, zero)([a[1]*b[2]-a[2]*b[1], a[2]*b[0]-a[0]*b[2], a[0]*b[1]-a[1]*b[0]]); } struct Matrix(T, T zero = 0, T one = 1) { alias M = Matrix!(T, zero, one), V = Vector!(T, zero), Op = string; size_t r, c; @property T[][] array() { return a; } alias array this; static auto unit(size_t n) in { assert(n > 0); } do { auto r = M(n, n); foreach (i; 0..n) r[i][i] = one; return r; } this(size_t r, size_t c) in { assert(r > 0 && c > 0); } do { this.r = r; this.c = c; a = new T[][](r, c); static if (T.init != zero) foreach (i; 0..r) a[i][] = zero; } this(U)(U[][] b) in { assert(b.length > 0 && b[0].length > 0 && b.all!(l => l.length == b[0].length)); } do { r = b.length; c = b[0].length; static if (is(T == U)) a = b; else { a = new T[][](r, c); foreach (i; 0..r) foreach (j; 0..c) a[i][j] = b[i][j]; } } pure M dup() { auto b = M(r, c); foreach (i; 0..r) b[i][] = a[i][]; return b; } pure bool opEquals(M b) { return r == b.r && c == b.c && zip(a, b.a).all!"a[0]==a[1]"; } pure M opBinary(Op op)(M b) if (op=="+"||op=="-") in { assert(r == b.r && c == b.c); } do { auto x = M(r, c); foreach (i; 0..r) foreach (j; 0..c) x[i][j] = mixin("a[i][j]"~op~"b[i][j]"); return x; } ref M opOpAssign(Op op)(M b) if (op=="+"||op=="-") in { assert(r == b.r && c == b.c); } do { foreach (i; 0..r) foreach (j; 0..c) mixin("a[i][j]"~op~"=b[i][j];"); return this; } pure M opBinary(Op op: "*")(T b) { auto x = M(r, c); foreach (i; 0..r) foreach (j; 0..c) x[i][j] = a[i][j]*b; return x; } ref M opOpAssign(Op op: "*")(T b) { foreach (i; 0..r) foreach (j; 0..c) a[i][j] *= b; return this; } pure M opBinary(Op op: "*")(M b) in { assert(c == b.r); } do { auto x = M(r, b.c); foreach (i; 0..r) foreach (j; 0..b.c) foreach (k; 0..c) x[i][j] += a[i][k]*b[k][j]; return x; } ref M opOpAssign(Op op: "*")(M b) in { assert(c == b.r); } do { auto x = this*b; r = x.r; c = x.c; a = x.a; return this; } pure V opBinary(Op op: "*")(V b) in { assert(c == b.n); } do { auto x = V(b.n); foreach (i; 0..r) foreach (j; 0..c) x[i] += a[i][j]*b[j]; return x; } pure M opBinary(Op op: "^^", U)(U n) in { assert(r == c); } do { return powr(this, n, M.unit(r)); } private T[][] a; } Matrix!(T, zero, one) matrix(T, T zero = 0, T one = 1)(T[][] a) { return Matrix!(T, zero, one)(a); } Matrix!(T, zero, one) matrix(T, U, T zero = 0, T one = 1)(U[][] a) if (!is(T == U)) { return Matrix!(T, zero, one)(a); } pure T det(T, alias zero, alias one)(Matrix!(T, zero, one) a) in { assert(a.r == a.c); } do { auto n = a.r, b = a.dup, d = one; foreach (i; 0..n) { auto p = i; foreach (j; i+1..n) if (b[p][i].abs < b[j][i].abs) p = j; swap(b[p], b[i]); foreach (j; i+1..n) foreach (k; i+1..n) b[j][k] -= b[i][k]*b[j][i]/b[i][i]; d *= b[i][i]; if (p != i) d = -d; } return d; } const mod = 10^^9+7; alias mint = ModInt!mod; struct ModInt(int m, bool pos = false) { version(BigEndian) union { long l; struct { int i2; int i; } } else union { long l; int i; } alias M = ModInt!(m, pos), Op = string; @property static init() { return M(0); } @property int value() { return i; } @property void value(int v) { i = nm(v); } alias value this; this(T)(T v = 0) { i = nm(v); } ref M opAssign(T)(T v) { i = nm(v); return this; } static if (!pos) pure M opUnary(Op op: "-")() { return M(-i); } static if (m < int.max / 2) { pure M opBinary(Op op)(int r) if(op=="+"||!pos&&op=="-") { return M(mixin("i"~op~"r")); } ref M opOpAssign(Op op)(int r) if(op=="+"||!pos&&op=="-") { i=nm(mixin("i"~op~"r")); return this; } } else { pure M opBinary(Op op)(int r) if(op=="+"||!pos&&op=="-") { return M(mixin("l"~op~"r")); } ref M opOpAssign(Op op)(int r) if(op=="+"||!pos&&op=="-") { i=nm(mixin("l"~op~"r")); return this; } } pure M opBinary(Op op: "*")(int r) { return M(l*r); } ref M opOpAssign(Op op: "*")(int r) { i=nm(l*r); return this; } pure M opBinary(Op op)(M r) if(op=="+"||!pos&&op=="-"||op=="*") { return opBinary!op(r.i); } ref M opOpAssign(Op op)(M r) if(op=="+"||!pos&&op=="-"||op=="*") { return opOpAssign!op(r.i); } pure M opBinary(Op op: "^^", T)(T n) { return this.powr(n); } static if (!pos) { pure M opBinary(Op op: "/")(M r) { return M(l*r.inv.i); } ref M opOpAssign(Op op: "/")(M r) { i=nm(l*r.inv.i); return this; } pure M opBinary(Op op: "/")(int r) { return opBinary!op(M(r)); } ref M opOpAssign(Op op: "/")(int r) { return opOpAssign!op(M(r)); } pure M inv() { int x = i, a, b; extGcd(x, m, a, b); return M(a); } } private { pure int nm(int v) { static if (pos) return v%m; else return (v%m+m)%m; } pure int nm(long v) { static if (pos) return cast(int)(v%m); else return cast(int)((v%m+m)%m); } } } auto io = IO!()(); import std.stdio; struct IO(string floatFormat = "%.10f", string delimiter = " ", alias IN = stdin, alias OUT = stdout) { import std.conv, std.format, std.meta, std.traits; auto getV(T...)(ref T v) { foreach (ref w; v) get(w); } auto getA(T)(size_t n, ref T v) if (hasAssignableElements!T) { v = new T(n); foreach (ref w; v) get(w); } auto getC(T...)(size_t n, ref T v) if (allSatisfy!(hasAssignableElements, T)) { foreach (ref w; v) w = new typeof(w)(n); foreach (i; 0..n) foreach (ref w; v) get(w[i]); } auto getM(T)(size_t r, size_t c, ref T v) if (hasAssignableElements!T && hasAssignableElements!(ElementType!T)) { v = new T(r); foreach (ref w; v) getA(c, w); } template getS(E...) { auto getS(T)(size_t n, ref T v) { v = new T(n); foreach (ref w; v) foreach (e; E) mixin("get(w."~e~");"); } } auto put(bool flush = false, T...)(T v) { foreach (i, w; v) { putA(w); if (i < v.length-1) OUT.write(delimiter); } OUT.writeln; static if (flush) OUT.flush(); } auto putB(S, T)(bool c, S t, T f) { if (c) put(t); else put(f); } auto putRaw(T...)(T v) { OUT.write(v); OUT.writeln; } private { dchar[] buf; auto sp = (new dchar[](0)).splitter; void nextLine() { IN.readln(buf); sp = buf.splitter; } auto get(T)(ref T v) { if (sp.empty) nextLine(); v = sp.front.to!T; sp.popFront(); } auto putR(T)(T v) { auto w = v; while (!w.empty) { putA(w.front); w.popFront(); if (!w.empty) OUT.write(delimiter); } } auto putA(T)(T v) { static if (isInputRange!T && !isSomeString!T) putR(v); else if (isFloatingPoint!T) OUT.write(format(floatFormat, v)); else OUT.write(v); } } }