using System; using System.Linq; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Diagnostics; using Debug = System.Diagnostics.Trace; using SB = System.Text.StringBuilder; using static System.Math; using Number = System.Int64; using static System.Numerics.BigInteger; namespace Program { public class Solver { Random rnd = new Random(0); public void Solve() { var n = ri; var a = Enumerate(n, x => ri); var ans = 0L; ans += f(n, a); Array.Reverse(a); ans += f(n, a); Console.WriteLine(ans); } long f(int n, int[] a) { Debug.WriteLine("---"); Debug.WriteLine(a.AsJoinedString()); var max = new List(); var min = new List(); var ret = 0L; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { while (max.Any() && a[max.Last()] < a[i]) max.RemoveAt(max.Count - 1); while (min.Any() && a[min.Last()] > a[i]) min.RemoveAt(min.Count - 1); max.Add(i); var l = min.Any() ? min.Last() : -1; var id = ~max.BinarySearch(l); ret += max.Count - 1 - id; min.Add(i); } return ret; } const long INF = 1L << 60; static int[] dx = { -1, 0, 1, 0 }; static int[] dy = { 0, 1, 0, -1 }; int ri { get { return sc.Integer(); } } long rl { get { return sc.Long(); } } double rd { get { return sc.Double(); } } string rs { get { return sc.Scan(); } } public IO.StreamScanner sc = new IO.StreamScanner(Console.OpenStandardInput()); static T[] Enumerate(int n, Func f) { var a = new T[n]; for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; ++i) a[i] = f(i); return a; } static T[][] Enumerate(int n, int m, Func f) { return Enumerate(n, x => Enumerate(m, y => f(x, y))); } static public void Swap(ref T a, ref T b) { var tmp = a; a = b; b = tmp; } } } #region main static class Ex { static public string AsString(this IEnumerable ie) { return new string(ie.ToArray()); } static public string AsJoinedString(this IEnumerable ie, string st = " ") { return string.Join(st, ie); } static public void Main() { Console.SetOut(new Program.IO.Printer(Console.OpenStandardOutput()) { AutoFlush = false }); var solver = new Program.Solver(); var t = new System.Threading.Thread(solver.Solve, 100000000); t.Start(); t.Join(); //*/ //solver.Solve(); Console.Out.Flush(); } } #endregion #region Ex namespace Program.IO { using System.IO; using System.Text; using System.Globalization; public class Printer : StreamWriter { public override IFormatProvider FormatProvider { get { return CultureInfo.InvariantCulture; } } public Printer(Stream stream) : base(stream, new UTF8Encoding(false, true)) { } } public class StreamScanner { public StreamScanner(Stream stream) { str = stream; } public readonly Stream str; private readonly byte[] buf = new byte[1024]; private int len, ptr; public bool isEof = false; public bool IsEndOfStream { get { return isEof; } } private byte read() { if (isEof) return 0; if (ptr >= len) { ptr = 0; if ((len = str.Read(buf, 0, 1024)) <= 0) { isEof = true; return 0; } } return buf[ptr++]; } public char Char() { byte b = 0; do b = read(); while ((b < 33 || 126 < b) && !isEof); return (char)b; } public string Scan() { var sb = new StringBuilder(); for (var b = Char(); b >= 33 && b <= 126; b = (char)read()) sb.Append(b); return sb.ToString(); } public string ScanLine() { var sb = new StringBuilder(); for (var b = Char(); b != '\n' && b != 0; b = (char)read()) if (b != '\r') sb.Append(b); return sb.ToString(); } public long Long() { return isEof ? long.MinValue : long.Parse(Scan()); } public int Integer() { return isEof ? int.MinValue : int.Parse(Scan()); } public double Double() { return isEof ? double.NaN : double.Parse(Scan(), CultureInfo.InvariantCulture); } } } #endregion