// >>> TEMPLATES #include using namespace std; using ll = long long; using ld = long double; using i32 = int32_t; using i64 = int64_t; using u32 = uint32_t; using u64 = uint64_t; #define int ll #define double ld #define rep(i,n) for (int i = 0; i < (int)(n); i++) #define rep1(i,n) for (int i = 1; i <= (int)(n); i++) #define repR(i,n) for (int i = (int)(n)-1; i >= 0; i--) #define rep1R(i,n) for (int i = (int)(n); i >= 1; i--) #define loop(i,a,B) for (int i = a; i B; i++) #define loopR(i,a,B) for (int i = a; i B; i--) #define all(x) (x).begin(), (x).end() #define allR(x) (x).rbegin(), (x).rend() #define pb push_back #define eb emplace_back #define mp make_pair #define fst first #define snd second template auto constexpr inf = numeric_limits::max()/2-1; auto constexpr INF32 = inf; auto constexpr INF64 = inf; auto constexpr INF = inf; #ifdef LOCAL #include "debug.hpp" #define dump(...) cerr << "[" << setw(3) << __LINE__ << ":" << __FUNCTION__ << "] ", dump_impl(#__VA_ARGS__, __VA_ARGS__) #define say(x) cerr << "[" << __LINE__ << ":" << __FUNCTION__ << "] " << x << endl #define debug if (1) #else #define dump(...) (void)(0) #define say(x) (void)(0) #define debug if (0) #endif template using pque_max = priority_queue; template using pque_min = priority_queue, greater >; template ::value>::type> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, T const& v) { bool f = true; for (auto const& x : v) os << (f ? "" : " ") << x, f = false; return os; } template ::value>::type> istream& operator>>(istream& is, T &v) { for (auto& x : v) is >> x; return is; } template ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, pair const& p) { return os << "(" << p.first << ", " << p.second << ")"; } template istream& operator>>(istream& is, pair& p) { return is >> p.first >> p.second; } struct IOSetup { IOSetup() { cin.tie(nullptr); ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cout << fixed << setprecision(15); } } iosetup; template struct FixPoint : private F { constexpr FixPoint(F&& f) : F(forward(f)) {} template constexpr auto operator()(T&&... x) const { return F::operator()(*this, forward(x)...); } }; struct MakeFixPoint { template constexpr auto operator|(F&& f) const { return FixPoint(forward(f)); } }; #define MFP MakeFixPoint()| #define def(name, ...) auto name = MFP [&](auto &&name, __VA_ARGS__) template struct vec_impl { using type = vector::type>; template static type make_v(size_t n, U&&... x) { return type(n, vec_impl::make_v(forward(x)...)); } }; template struct vec_impl { using type = T; static type make_v(T const& x = {}) { return x; } }; template using vec = typename vec_impl::type; template auto make_v(Args&&... args) { return vec_impl::make_v(forward(args)...); } template void quit(T const& x) { cout << x << endl; exit(0); } template constexpr bool chmin(T& x, U const& y) { if (x > y) { x = y; return true; } return false; } template constexpr bool chmax(T& x, U const& y) { if (x < y) { x = y; return true; } return false; } template constexpr auto sumof(It b, It e) { return accumulate(b,e,typename iterator_traits::value_type{}); } template int sz(T const& x) { return x.size(); } template int lbd(C const& v, T const& x) { return lower_bound(v.begin(), v.end(), x)-v.begin(); } template int ubd(C const& v, T const& x) { return upper_bound(v.begin(), v.end(), x)-v.begin(); } template int ppt(C const& v, F f) { return partition_point(v.begin(), v.end(), f)-v.begin(); } // <<< // >>> union find struct UnionFind { int n, sz; // id : 0...n-1 vector par; UnionFind(int n = 0) : n(n), sz(n), par(n,-1) { } int root(int x) { assert(0 <= x); assert(x < n); return par[x] < 0 ? x : par[x] = root(par[x]); } bool unite(int x, int y) { x = root(x), y = root(y); if (x == y) return false; sz--; if (par[x] < par[y]) swap(x,y); par[y] += par[x]; par[x] = y; return true; } bool same(int x, int y) { return root(x) == root(y); } int size(int x) { return -par[root(x)]; } int size() const { return sz; } struct groups_t { vector > grp; vector > id; }; groups_t groups() { vector > g(n); rep (i,n) if (par[i] < 0) g[i].reserve(-par[i]); rep (i,n) g[root(i)].push_back(i); vector > grp; grp.reserve(size()); rep (i,n) if (g[i].size()) grp.emplace_back(move(g[i])); vector > id(n); rep (i,grp.size()) rep (j,grp[i].size()) { id[grp[i][j]] = make_pair(i,j); } return { grp, id }; } }; // <<< int32_t main() { int n,m,q; cin >> n >> m >> q; set> es; rep (i,m) { int a,b; cin >> a >> b; --a,--b; es.emplace(a,b); } vector c(q),d(q); rep (i,q) { cin >> c[i] >> d[i], --c[i],--d[i]; es.erase(mp(c[i],d[i])); } UnionFind uf(n); vector> grp(n); rep (i,n) grp[i] = {i}; auto unite = [&](int a, int b) { a = uf.root(a), b = uf.root(b); if (a == b) return; uf.unite(a,b); if (uf.root(a) != a) swap(a,b); assert(uf.root(a) == a); for (auto idx : grp[b]) grp[a].eb(idx); grp[b].clear(); }; for (auto [a,b] : es) unite(a,b); vector ans(n,0); rep (i,n) if (uf.same(0,i)) ans[i] = -1; repR (i,q) { int x = c[i], y = d[i]; x = uf.root(x), y = uf.root(y); if (uf.same(x,y)) continue; if (uf.same(0,y)) swap(x,y); if (uf.same(0,x)) { for (auto idx : grp[y]) { ans[idx] = i+1; } } unite(x,y); } rep (i,n) { if (i == 0) continue; cout << ans[i] << "\n"; } }