#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <cmath>
#include <map>
#include <queue>
#include <iomanip>
#include <set>
#include <tuple>
#define mkp make_pair
#define mkt make_tuple
#define rep(i,n) for(int i = 0; i < (n); ++i)
#define all(v) v.begin(),v.end()
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const ll MOD=1e9+7;
template<class T> void chmin(T &a,const T &b){if(a>b) a=b;}
template<class T> void chmax(T &a,const T &b){if(a<b) a=b;}

vector<vector<int>> g;
vector<int> sz;

void szdfs(int now){
  sz[now]=1;
  for(auto nex:g[now]){
    szdfs(nex);
    sz[now]+=sz[nex];
  }
}

ll ans;

void dfs(int now,ll dep){
  for(auto nex:g[now]){
    ans+=(dep+1)*sz[nex];
    dfs(nex,dep+1);
  }
}

int main(){
  cin.tie(0);
  ios::sync_with_stdio(false);

  int N;
  cin>>N;
  g.resize(N);
  vector<int> A(N-1),B(N-1);
  rep(i,N-1){
    cin>>A[i]>>B[i];
    A[i]--;B[i]--;
    g[A[i]].push_back(B[i]);
  }

  vector<int> num(N,0);
  rep(i,N-1) num[B[i]]++;
  int root=0;
  rep(i,N) if(num[i]==0) root=i;

  sz.resize(N);
  szdfs(root);

  dfs(root,0);
  cout<<ans<<endl;

  return 0;
}