#pragma GCC optimize("O3")
#include<bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std;
using ll=long long;
using P=pair<ll,ll>;
template<class T> using V=vector<T>; 
#define fi first
#define se second
#define all(v) (v).begin(),(v).end()
const ll inf=(1e18);
const ll mod=998244353;
//const ll mod=1000000007;
ll GCD(ll a,ll b) {return b ? GCD(b,a%b):a;}
ll LCM(ll c,ll d){return c/GCD(c,d)*d;}
struct __INIT{__INIT(){cin.tie(0);ios::sync_with_stdio(false);cout<<fixed<<setprecision(15);}} __init;
template<class T> bool chmax(T &a, const T &b) { if (a<b) { a=b; return 1; } return 0; }
template<class T> bool chmin(T &a, const T &b) { if (a>b) { a=b; return 1; } return 0; }
struct mint{
    using ull=unsigned long long int;
    ull v;
    mint(ll vv=0){s(vv%mod+mod);}
    mint& s(ull vv){
        v=vv<mod?vv:vv-mod;
        return *this;
    }
    //オーバーロード
    mint operator-()const{return mint()-*this;}//mint型にキャスト
    mint&operator+=(const mint&val){return s(v+val.v);}
    mint&operator-=(const mint&val){return s(v+mod-val.v);}
    mint&operator*=(const mint&val){
        v=ull(v)*val.v%mod;
        return *this;
    }
    mint&operator/=(const mint&val){return *this*=val.inv();}
    mint operator+(const mint&val){return mint(*this)+=val;}
    mint operator-(const mint&val){return mint(*this)-=val;}
    mint operator*(const mint&val){return mint(*this)*=val;}
    mint operator/(const mint&val){return mint(*this)/=val;}
    mint pow(ll n)const{
        mint res(1),x(*this);
        while(n){
            if(n&1)res*=x;
            x*=x;
            n>>=1;
        }
        return res;
    }
    mint inv()const{return pow(mod-2);}
    //拡張ユークリッドの互除法
    /* mint inv()const{
        int x,y;
        int g=extgcd(v,mod,x,y);
        assert(g==1);
        if(x<0)x+=mod;
        return mint(x);
    }*/
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&os,const mint&val){
        return os<<val.v;
    }//出力
    bool operator<(const mint&val)const{return v<val.v;}
    bool operator==(const mint&val)const{return v==val.v;}
    bool operator>(const mint&val)const{return v>val.v;}
};
bool root[1000005];
int cnt[1000005];
mint val[1000005];
mint ans=0;
V<int> g[1000005];
void dfs(int cur,int par){
    if(cnt[cur]){
        ans+=val[cur];
        return;
    }
    for(int v:g[cur]){
        if(v==par)continue;
        dfs(v,cur);
        cnt[cur]+=cnt[v];
        val[cur]+=val[v];
    }
    val[cur]+=mint(cnt[cur]);
    ans+=val[cur];
    cnt[cur]++;
    return;
}
int main(){
    int n;
    cin>>n;
    int a,b;
    for(int i=0;i<n-1;i++){
        cin>>a>>b;
        g[a-1].push_back(b-1);
        root[b-1]=true;
    }
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        if(root[i])continue;
        dfs(i,-1);
    }
    cout<<ans<<"\n";
}