#include using namespace std; /* #if __has_include() #include #include using bll = boost::multiprecision::cpp_int; using bdouble = boost::multiprecision::number>; using namespace boost::multiprecision; #endif */ #ifdef LOCAL_TEST #define BOOST_STACKTRACE_USE_ADDR2LINE #define BOOST_STACKTRACE_ADDR2LINE_LOCATION /usr/local/opt/binutils/bin/addr2line #define _GNU_SOURCE 1 #include namespace std { template class dvector : public std::vector { public: dvector() : std::vector() {} explicit dvector(size_t n, const T& value = T()) : std::vector(n, value) {} dvector(const std::vector& v) : std::vector(v) {} dvector(const std::initializer_list il) : std::vector(il) {} dvector(const std::string::iterator first, const std::string::iterator last) : std::vector(first, last) {} dvector(const typename std::vector::iterator first, const typename std::vector::iterator last) : std::vector(first, last) {} dvector(const typename std::vector::reverse_iterator first, const typename std::vector::reverse_iterator last) : std::vector(first, last) {} dvector(const typename std::vector::const_iterator first, const typename std::vector::const_iterator last) : std::vector(first, last) {} dvector(const typename std::vector::const_reverse_iterator first, const typename std::vector::const_reverse_iterator last) : std::vector(first, last) {} T& operator[](size_t n) { try { return this->at(n); } catch (const std::exception& e) { std::cerr << boost::stacktrace::stacktrace() << '\n'; return this->at(n); } } const T& operator[](size_t n) const { try { return this->at(n); } catch (const std::exception& e) { std::cerr << boost::stacktrace::stacktrace() << '\n'; return this->at(n); } } }; } class dbool { private: bool boolvalue; public: dbool() : boolvalue(false) {} dbool(bool b) : boolvalue(b) {} operator bool&() { return boolvalue; } operator const bool&() const { return boolvalue; } }; #define vector dvector #define bool dbool class SIGFPE_exception : std::exception {}; class SIGSEGV_exception : std::exception {}; void catch_SIGFPE([[maybe_unused]] int e) { std::cerr << boost::stacktrace::stacktrace() << '\n'; throw SIGFPE_exception(); } void catch_SIGSEGV([[maybe_unused]] int e) { std::cerr << boost::stacktrace::stacktrace() << '\n'; throw SIGSEGV_exception(); } signed convertedmain(); signed main() { signal(SIGFPE, catch_SIGFPE); signal(SIGSEGV, catch_SIGSEGV); return convertedmain(); } #define main() convertedmain() #endif #ifdef LOCAL_DEV template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const std::vector& v) { for (size_t i = 0; i < v.size(); ++i){ s << v[i]; if (i < v.size() - 1) s << "\t"; } return s; } template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const std::vector>& vv) { s << "\\\n"; for (size_t i = 0; i < vv.size(); ++i){ s << vv[i] << "\n"; } return s; } template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const std::deque& v) { for (size_t i = 0; i < v.size(); ++i){ s << v[i]; if (i < v.size() - 1) s << "\t"; } return s; } template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const std::set& se) { s << "{ "; for (auto itr = se.begin(); itr != se.end(); ++itr){ s << (*itr) << "\t"; } s << "}"; return s; } template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const std::multiset& se) { s << "{ "; for (auto itr = se.begin(); itr != se.end(); ++itr){ s << (*itr) << "\t"; } s << "}"; return s; } template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const std::array& a) { s << "{ "; for (size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i){ s << a[i] << "\t"; } s << "}"; return s; } template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const std::map& m) { s << "{\n"; for (auto itr = m.begin(); itr != m.end(); ++itr){ s << "\t" << (*itr).first << " : " << (*itr).second << "\n"; } s << "}"; return s; } template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& s, const std::pair& p) { return s << "(" << p.first << ", " << p.second << ")"; } void debug_impl() { std::cerr << '\n'; } template void debug_impl(Head head, Tail... tail) { std::cerr << " " << head << (sizeof...(tail) ? "," : ""); debug_impl(tail...); } #define debug(...) do { std::cerr << "(" << #__VA_ARGS__ << ") ="; debug_impl(__VA_ARGS__); } while (false) #else #define debug(...) do {} while (false) #endif //#define int long long using ll = long long; //constexpr int INF = (ll)1e9 + 7;//INT_MAX=(1<<31)-1=2147483647 constexpr ll INF = (ll)1e18;//(1LL<<63)-1=9223372036854775807 constexpr ll MOD = (ll)1e9 + 7; constexpr double EPS = 1e-9; constexpr ll dx[4] = {1, 0, -1, 0}; constexpr ll dy[4] = {0, 1, 0, -1}; constexpr ll dx8[8] = {1, 0, -1, 0, 1, 1, -1, -1}; constexpr ll dy8[8] = {0, 1, 0, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1}; #define rep(i, n) for(ll i=0, i##_length=(n); i< i##_length; ++i) #define repeq(i, n) for(ll i=1, i##_length=(n); i<=i##_length; ++i) #define rrep(i, n) for(ll i=(n)-1; i>=0; --i) #define rrepeq(i, n) for(ll i=(n) ; i>=1; --i) #define all(v) (v).begin(), (v).end() #define rall(v) (v).rbegin(), (v).rend() void p() { std::cout << '\n'; } template void p(Head head, Tail... tail) { std::cout << head << (sizeof...(tail) ? " " : ""); p(tail...); } template inline void pv(std::vector& v) { for(ll i=0, N=v.size(); i inline bool chmax(T& a, T b) { return a < b && (a = b, true); } template inline bool chmin(T& a, T b) { return a > b && (a = b, true); } template inline void uniq(std::vector& v) { v.erase(std::unique(v.begin(), v.end()), v.end()); } /*-----8<-----template-----8<-----*/ /*-----8<-----library-----8<-----*/ void solve() { ll N; cin>>N; vector> a(N,vector(N)); rep(i,N){ rep(j,N){ ll x=j*2-i; if(x<0)x+=N; x%=N; a[x][j]=i+1; } } rep(i,N)pv(a[i]); } signed main() { std::cin.tie(nullptr); std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false); //ll Q; cin >> Q; while(Q--)solve(); solve(); return 0; }